房地产上市公司审计委员会特征对盈余管理的影响研究

发布时间：2018-04-11 17:14

本文选题：审计委员会特征 + 房地产　；参考：《东北农业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：盈余管理会影响财务信息的真实性,因此,对于投资者及公司其他内外部利益相关者而言,盈余管理变得越来越重要。盈余管理也逐渐成为监管机构检查上市公司的重点内容。想要抑制上市公司的盈余管理,本质上还是得从上市公司自身出发,对上市公司中的人员进行有效的监管,因此,完善公司治理结构是抑制盈余管理最有效的途径。审计委员会是公司治理中十分重要的组成部分,其主要职责是进行财务监督,因此,审计委员会对抑制盈余管理具有十分重要的作用。然而并不是只要设立了审计委员会就可以发挥其治理的作用,只有当审计委员会是合理构建的,其财务监督的效用才能被充分发挥,但是想要合理的建设审计委员会,必须要先了解审计委员会特征对盈余管理会产生怎么样的影响。我国关于审计委员会的研究比较少,原因在于审计委员会在我国起源较晚,发展相对较缓。什么样的审计委员会构成才更有利于发挥其对盈余管理的治理作用我们仍然不得而知。房地产是我国产业结构中十分重要的组成部分,能够对我国国民经济的发展起到十分重要的作用。在公司进行盈余管理的方面,房地产与其他行业有着一定的相似之处,却也有着不同之处。相似之处在于:会计政策的可选择性给予了一定的盈余管理空间,房地产上市公司可以利用会计政策的选择性进行盈余管理,如利用资产计提减值,转换投资性房地产的计量模式等手段;不同之处在于:房地产一般采用预售制度进行销售、分期收款的方式收回房款,在房屋建成交付买方验收办妥手续之后确认收入,这就给予房地产行业在收入确认上较大的盈余管理空间;其次,房地产行业项目建设期较长,并且会存在多个项目同时进行的情形,预售房款不确认收入,楼盘开发成本却要计入当期损益,收入与成本严重的不配比,也给予了房地产上市公司较大的盈余管理空间。鉴于此,本文将2011-2015年房地产上市公司作为研究对象,选取审计委员会独立性(独立董事比例)、专业性(财务专家的比例)、勤勉性(开会次数)、平均学历水平、男性比例以及规模作为审计委员会的特征变量,选用修正琼斯模型计量盈余管理程度,采用多元回归模型分析审计委员会特征对盈余管理的影响。实证结果表明,房地产上市公司审计委员会的特征对盈余管理有一定的影响。对房地产上市公司盈余管理程度产生负向作用的是,审计委员会的独立董事人数和财务专家人数,当房地产审计委员会具有较多的独立董事和财务专家时,盈余管理水平会被降低;房地产管理公司成员平均学历水平对盈余管理也是负向关系;当房地产上市公司审计委员会男性成员太多时,相应的盈余管理水平将会更高;但房地产上市公司审计委员会会议次数和人员总数对盈余管理的负向作用却不显著。合理建设审计委员对抑制盈余管理具有非常重要的作用,因此,对于房地产上市公司而言,要加强审计委员会在盈余监管中的信息披露;提高审计委员会在盈余监管中的独立性;实现审计委员会成员素质与盈余复杂程度的匹配;提高审计委员会在盈余监管中的会议质量;考虑男性比例过大对控制盈余管理风险的不利影响;合理确定审计委员会规模以提高抑制盈余管理效率。
[Abstract]:Earnings management will affect the authenticity of financial information, therefore, for investors and other stakeholders, earnings management has become more and more important. The earnings management has gradually become the focus of the content of regulatory inspection of listed companies. Earnings management of listed companies to suppress, in essence or starting from the listed company itself, for effective supervision of Listed Companies in the staff therefore, improve the corporate governance structure is the most effective way to restrain earnings management. The audit committee is an important part of corporate governance, its main duty is to financial supervision, therefore, the audit committee plays a very important role in the suppression of earnings management. However, not just set up the audit committee can play its role in governance, only when the audit committee is reasonable construction, the financial supervision in order to effect Be full, but to the reasonable construction of the audit committee, you must first understand the characteristics of the audit committee will have what impact on earnings management. The research on the audit committee is relatively small, because of the audit committee in our country the origin of late, relatively slow development. What kind of composition of the audit committee is more conducive to play on the governance role of earnings management we still can make nothing of it. Real estate is a very important part in the industrial structure of our country, which is very important to the development of our national economy. Earnings management in the company, real estate and other industries have some similarities, but also have different. The similarity is: the choice of accounting policy to give some space for earnings management, selection of real estate listed companies can use the accounting policy Earnings management, such as the use of assets impairment, means of measurement mode conversion of real estate investment; the difference is: the real estate pre-sale system is generally used for sale, installment receivables 1629, after the housing completion of the delivery of the buyer's acceptance procedures are completed to confirm the income, which give the real estate industry in terms of revenue recognition the larger the space for earnings management; secondly, the real estate industry, the project construction period is longer, and there will be a number of projects at the same time, the pre-sale 1629 no revenue, real estate development costs have to be included in the current profits and losses, income and cost ratio is not serious, also gives more space for earnings management of listed real estate companies in view. This, the 2011-2015 years of real estate listed companies as the research object, selects the independence of the Audit Committee (the proportion of independent directors), professional (financial experts ratio), diligent (of meetings), the average education level, male proportion and scale as the characteristic variables of the audit committee, the modified Jones model to measure the degree of earnings management, the analysis of the impact of audit committee characteristics on earnings management of the multiple regression model. The empirical results show that the characteristics of the audit committee of listed real estate companies have a certain impact on earnings management. From the earnings management of the listed companies on the real estate negative effect is that the audit committee of the independent directors and financial experts who, when the real estate audit committee has many independent directors and financial experts, the level of earnings management will be reduced; the real estate management company members of the average education level of earnings management is negatively related; when the real estate listed companies audit committee male members too much, the corresponding earnings management level will be higher; but the real estate market The company's audit committee meetings and the total number of staff on the earnings management of the negative effect is not significant. Reasonable construction of Audit Committee on earnings management has a very important role, therefore, for the real estate listed companies, to strengthen the audit committee in the earnings of the supervision of information disclosure; improving the independence of the audit committee in surplus in supervision a member of the Audit Committee; to achieve the matching quality and earnings complexity; improve the audit committee in the supervision of the quality of earnings; considering the proportion of men too large negative impact on earnings management risk control; reasonably determine the scale of the audit committee to improve the inhibition of earnings management efficiency.

【学位授予单位】：东北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F299.233.4;F239.4

【参考文献】