从农民进城就业到落户的艰难历程

发布时间：2018-04-20 13:52

本文选题：城乡户籍制度 + 农民进城落户　；参考：《福建论坛(人文社会科学版)》2017年11期

【摘要】：20世纪50年代后期构建的城乡二元户籍制度,从根本上说,是为了限制农村人口向城镇转移,强制性地通过工农产品价格"剪刀差"、城乡劳动力价格"剪刀差"以及城乡土地价格"剪刀差",为我国超前工业化、城镇化提供资本原始积累。其正面效应是有效地加快我国工业化、城镇化步伐;其负面效应是导致我国农村长期落后于城镇,农民收入水平难以正常提高,城乡差别不断扩大。客观上要求必须因势利导加以改革。我国城乡分割的户籍制度,是由一系列城乡不平等的因素组成的,改革城乡分割的户籍制度,不仅仅是户籍登记方式的改革,更重要的是蕴藏在户籍制度背后的基本公共服务和社会保障制度的改革。只有当城乡居民都能享受同等的基本公共服务和社会保障,城乡分割的二元户籍制度才会自然而然地消亡,农民进城落户才能水到渠成。这是一个既漫长又艰难的历程。
[Abstract]:The urban-rural dual household registration system, which was established in the late 1950s, is fundamentally aimed at restricting the transfer of rural people to cities and towns. Through the price of industrial and agricultural products "scissors difference", urban and rural labor price "scissors difference" and urban and rural land price "scissors difference", for China's leading industrialization, urbanization to provide capital primitive accumulation. The positive effect is to speed up the industrialization and urbanization of our country effectively, the negative effect is that the rural areas of our country lags behind the cities and towns for a long time, the income level of peasants is difficult to improve normally, and the difference between urban and rural areas is widening. Objectively, the reform must be guided by the situation. The household registration system of urban and rural segmentation in our country is composed of a series of urban and rural inequality factors. The reform of the household registration system in urban and rural areas is not only the reform of household registration. What is more important is the reform of the basic public service and social security system behind the household registration system. Only when urban and rural residents can enjoy the same basic public services and social security, the urban-rural division of the dual household registration system will naturally die out, farmers can settle down in the city. It was a long and difficult journey.
【作者单位】：厦门大学经济学院;
【分类号】：D631.42;F249.2;F323.6

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