基于DEA的我国环境改进与碳分配研究

发布时间：2018-04-24 01:15

本文选题：数据包络分析 + 环境效率　；参考：《中国科学技术大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着全球环境污染和气候变化的日益严峻,作为世界上能源消耗和二氧化碳排放最大的国家,我国的环境效率评价和碳减排问题已经成为了学术界的两个重要研究课题。此前,在这两方面已有许多相关研究。但是,在环境研究上,前人的侧重点在于效率评价和评价模型改进。在碳分配上,很少有学者将研究触角放到各省市内部结构这一"黑箱"中。在前人研究的基础上,本文在对我国各省市的环境表现进行分析时,将重点放在对我国环境问题的目标改进上。同时进行省市分组研究,考虑我国区域的经济和环境差异。结果表明,沿海地区的平均环境效率最好,其次是内陆地区,最低的是西部地区。在四个投入:人口、资本、能源消耗和用水量中,耗水量是显著下降的影响变量。在对碳配额进行研究时,考虑省市内产业结构这一影响因素,以中央政府为集中决策者,不直接将碳分配到各省市,而是分配到各产业中。在分配过程中的两个标准是最大化国家的国内生产总值,以及保证每个行业的产出不能减少。结果表明,我们的模型不仅可以提高各省市和其内部行业的绩效表现,也可以在不影响整个国家的经济发展的情况下实现碳减排。本文的主体部分共有五章,具体内容如下:第1章绪论部分介绍了本文的选题背景、研究意义、创新点、研究方法以及研究框架。文章以环境保护问题为主要研究对象,在对相关研究背景进行分析后,介绍了本文研究的重要性和意义,引出本文的研究重点。第2章对文章中使用的基本理论进行了简介。首先介绍了 DEA方法的基本概念和其利弊。其次对DEA在我国环境评价中的应用进行了综述,并介绍了公共权重方法。而后一小节介绍了 DEA在碳配额分配方面的研究,然后引入产业结构,最后介绍了网络DEA模型。以上内容为后文中的模型构建提供了理论和文献支持。第3章研究了我国环境的效率评价和目标改进问题。在前人研究模型的基础上,本章对我国各省市的环境表现进行了分析,并将重点放在环境改进上,同时进行省市分组研究,考虑我国区域的经济和环境差异。研究结果可以为政府决策提供一定的支持。第4章集中分析了我国碳配额的分配问题。首先论证了内部结构对中国大陆30个省市效率评价的影响。而后,引入各省市产业结构(即第一产业、第二产业、第三产业),我们打开决策单元的"黑箱",构建了一个基于平行子系统的DEA模型来重新分配中国30省市内各行业的碳排放配额。该模型构建遵循两个分配标准。最后在实证结果的基础上,为中国在进行碳分配、实施碳减排提供了一些政策建议。最后,第5章对全文进行了总结,并对未来的工作进行了展望,指出了本文存在的一定的不足以及后续值得更加深入研究的方向。
[Abstract]:With the increasing severity of global environmental pollution and climate change, as the world's largest energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions, China's environmental efficiency evaluation and carbon emission reduction issues have become two important research topics in academia. Prior to this, there have been many related studies in these two areas. However, in environmental research, the former focus is on efficiency evaluation and evaluation model improvement. In carbon allocation, few scholars put the tentacles in the "black box" of the internal structure of provinces and cities. On the basis of previous studies, this paper focuses on the improvement of environmental problems in China when analyzing the environmental performance of provinces and cities in China. At the same time, the provincial and municipal groups were studied to consider the regional economic and environmental differences in China. The results show that the average environmental efficiency in coastal areas is the best, followed by inland areas, and the lowest in western regions. Of the four inputs: population, capital, energy consumption and water consumption, water consumption is a significant decrease. In the study of carbon quota, the influence factor of industrial structure in provinces and cities is considered, and the central government is taken as the centralized decision maker, instead of distributing carbon directly to the provinces and cities, the central government distributes the carbon to all industries. The two criteria in the distribution process are to maximize the country's gross domestic product and to ensure that output per sector is not reduced. The results show that our model can not only improve the performance of provinces and municipalities and their internal industries, but also achieve carbon emission reduction without affecting the economic development of the whole country. The main body of this paper consists of five chapters. The main contents are as follows: the first chapter introduces the background, significance, innovation, research methods and research framework of this paper. This paper takes the environmental protection as the main research object, after analyzing the related research background, introduces the importance and significance of this study, and leads to the research focus of this paper. Chapter 2 introduces the basic theory used in this paper. Firstly, the basic concept of DEA method and its advantages and disadvantages are introduced. Secondly, the application of DEA in environmental assessment in China is summarized, and the common weight method is introduced. The latter section introduces the research of DEA in carbon quota allocation, then introduces the industrial structure, and finally introduces the network DEA model. The above contents provide theoretical and literature support for the model construction in the following articles. Chapter 3 studies the environmental efficiency evaluation and goal improvement in China. On the basis of previous research models, this chapter analyzes the environmental performance of provinces and cities in China, and focuses on environmental improvement. At the same time, it carries out a group study of provinces and cities to consider the regional economic and environmental differences in China. The research results can provide some support for government decision-making. Chapter 4 focuses on the allocation of carbon quota in China. Firstly, the influence of internal structure on the efficiency evaluation of 30 provinces and cities in mainland China is demonstrated. Then, the industrial structure of various provinces and cities was introduced (that is, the primary industry, the secondary industry, In the third industry, we open the "black box" of the decision making unit, and construct a DEA model based on parallel subsystem to redistribute the carbon emission quota of each industry in 30 provinces of China. The model construction follows two allocation criteria. Finally, based on the empirical results, some policy suggestions are provided for China to carry out carbon distribution and implement carbon emission reduction. Finally, the fifth chapter summarizes the full text, and prospects for the future work, pointing out the shortcomings of this paper and the direction of further study.
【学位授予单位】：中国科学技术大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X196;F224

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