劳动力市场分割视角下的沙特失业问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-24 06:29

本文选题：劳动力市场分割 + 沙特　；参考：《北京外国语大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：沙特阿拉伯王国(简称沙特或沙特阿拉伯),同其他海湾国家一样,自上个世纪石油经济崛起之后,在过去的几十年间于经济社会领域取得了令人瞩目的成绩和进步。尽管如此,它在经济社会发展中却依然面临诸多问题,国内日益严重的失业问题便是其中之一。沙特近些年来一直面临居高不下的失业率,加之每年大量新增劳动力涌入就业市场,使得沙特政府越来越重视解决本国人的就业问题。本篇论文选取沙特失业问题作为研究对象,尝试从与就业失业问题联系最直接和紧密的劳动力市场入手进行分析,认为沙特的劳动力市场分割是其失业问题的主要原因。本文将对沙特劳动力市场分割的表现和成因进行阐述,并论述沙特的劳动力市场分割如何导致其失业问题严峻,最后,本文认为沙特治理失业问题,应尽可能地削弱和缓解其劳动力市场的分割,促进劳动力的自由流动,从而更好地优化劳动力的资源配置。除导论和结语外,文章主体分为四章:第一章先对沙特失业问题的现状进行阐述,介绍沙特失业问题的发展,并用数据和事实论述了沙特失业的性别分布、年龄分布和受教育水平分布,得出了其失业问题的五个特征。第二章重点阐述沙特的劳动力市场分割情况,包括劳动力市场具有公共部门与私营部门的一级、二级分割,和本国劳动力与外籍劳动力的劳动力市场分割。本章将具体论述这两种分割的表现,并分析沙特劳动力市场如何出现了这两种形式的分割。第三章主要论述沙特的劳动力市场分割如何导致其失业问题,结合劳动力市场分割与经济学的一些理论,阐述沙特公共部门与私营部门的一级、二级分割如何导致沙特人进入二级市场的就业意愿受限,从而在一级市场求职失败后因不愿进入二级市场而失业;本国劳动力与外籍劳动力的劳动力市场分割则是从多方面导致了沙特籍劳动力的就业竞争力不足,在劳动力市场中因不具优势而难以得到雇主青睐产生就业困境。第四章是对策建议部分,认为沙特治理其失业问题应尽量缓解劳动力市场的分割,并针对缓解两种形式的劳动力市场分割提出一些具体的建议。结语部分认为,沙特失业问题是长期以来多种因素累积集中形成的问题,因此沙特解决失业问题不可能是一蹴而就的,应从制度、经济、文化教育等多方面减少和消除其劳动力市场分割的因素,从而真正缓解失业问题。失业问题在沙特的治理仍需时日,将会是一个长期的过程。
[Abstract]:The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (Saudi Arabia or Saudi Arabia), like other Gulf countries, has made remarkable progress in economic and social fields in the past few decades after the economic rise of the last century. Nevertheless, it still faces many problems in its economic and social development. Saudi Arabia has faced high unemployment in recent years, combined with an annual influx of new workers into the job market, prompting the government to pay more attention to solving the employment problem for its own people. This paper chooses the Saudi unemployment problem as the research object and tries to analyze the most direct and close labor market which is closely related to the employment unemployment problem. It is concluded that the division of the Saudi labor market is the main reason for the unemployment problem. This paper will expound the manifestation and cause of the division of Saudi labour market, and discuss how the division of Saudi labor market leads to the serious unemployment problem. Finally, this paper thinks that Saudi Arabia should deal with the unemployment problem. The division of labor market should be weakened and alleviated as far as possible, and the free flow of labor should be promoted so as to optimize the allocation of labor resources. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, the main body of the article is divided into four chapters: the first chapter describes the current situation of unemployment in Saudi Arabia, introduces the development of unemployment in Saudi Arabia, and discusses the gender distribution of unemployment in Saudi Arabia with data and facts. The age distribution and the education level distribution, obtained its unemployment problem five characteristics. The second chapter focuses on the division of the labour market in Saudi Arabia, including the division of the labour market between the public sector and the private sector at the first and second levels, and the labour market between the domestic and foreign labour forces. This chapter discusses the performance of the two segmentation and analyzes how the two forms of division appeared in the Saudi labor market. The third chapter mainly discusses how the division of the labour market in Saudi Arabia leads to its unemployment. Combining with some theories of labor market segmentation and economics, it expounds the level of the Saudi public and private sectors. How the secondary division causes the Saudi people to enter the secondary market employment will be restricted, thus in the primary market job failure because does not want to enter the secondary market and unemployment; The division of labor market between domestic and foreign labor force leads to the lack of employment competitiveness of Saudi labor force in many ways, and it is difficult to be favored by employers in the labor market because of its lack of advantages. The fourth chapter is the countermeasures and suggestions that Saudi Arabia should try to alleviate the unemployment of the division of the labor market, and to ease the two forms of labor market segmentation put forward some specific suggestions. The conclusion part holds that the unemployment problem in Saudi Arabia is a problem formed by the accumulation and concentration of many factors for a long time. Therefore, it is impossible for Saudi Arabia to solve the unemployment problem overnight. We should start with the system and the economy. Culture and education reduce and eliminate the factors of labor market segmentation, so as to alleviate the unemployment problem. It will be a long-term process for unemployment to be dealt with in Saudi Arabia.
【学位授予单位】：北京外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F249.384

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