我国高铁PPP项目风险管理研究

发布时间：2018-05-01 03:35

本文选题：PPP + 高铁　；参考：《北京交通大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：铁路是我国重要的基础设施,在交通体系中占有重要地位,是支撑国家经济的重大战略设施。随着国家《中长期铁路网规划》的正式印发,越来越多的铁路尤其是高速铁路将要修建,但以往以国家财政资金为主的铁路融资方式已不能满足需求,因此在《规划》中国家大力鼓励支持地方政府广泛吸引包括民间投资、外资等在内的社会资本参与铁路投资建设。这表明政府财政在高铁建设中占比将下降,社会资本则开始发挥越来越重要的作用。而PPP模式是社会资本进入高铁投资建设运营的主要方式。但PPP模式建设的高铁项目通常具有融资结构较复杂、投资规模大、建设周期长、参与方较多等特点,风险贯穿于项目的全过程,且PPP模式在国内推行时间过短,社会资本方对于高铁PPP项目风险管理能力和经验尚都有所欠缺,造成高铁PPP项目风险管理的严重不足。风险管理水平决定了 PPP项目是否能够融成功,如何识别、评价、分担、控制高铁PPP项目的风险,是事关高铁项目成败的关键。本论文旨在以PPP项目模式理论和风险管理相关理论为基础,分析我国高铁PPP项目中存在的风险因素,针对存在的风险提出了对应的建议,并对企业风险管理体系提出了建议。文章首先对高铁项目的风险管理现状与存在问题进行了分析。随后深化了风险管理的过程,在风险识别环节,通过文献分析法对高铁项目存在的风险进行了初步识别,再通过专家评审法对风险项进行评审,整理后得出了最终风险清单。接着,将风险因素分为三个等级,使用风险矩阵法对风险因素进行了评估。再参考已有案例和文献资料,制定了风险应对方案,并加强了风险监控策略。最后,结合国外的管理经验,从企业内部管理和企业外部监控两个方面对我国铁路PPP项目风险管理提出了建议。企业内部,企业需要优化风险管理组织,健全风险的管理制度,综合运用各种的风险管理手段来加强对风险的管理水平。企业外部,需要督促政府完善相关的法律法规,加强对市场的考察,了解市场的动向,是保证企业盈利的手段。通过对高铁PPP项目的风险管理研究,旨在解决我国高铁建设资金缺口问题、优化企业风险管理流程、提升高铁PPP项目风险管理研究的可操作性、提高私营企业风险管理能力,从而让企业能够提高高铁PPP项目风险的管理能力,提升企业自身的竞争力。
[Abstract]:Railway is an important infrastructure in China and occupies an important position in the transportation system. It is a major strategic facility to support the national economy. With the official publication of the national railway network planning, more and more railways, especially high speed railways, will be built, but the railway financing mode, which is mainly based on national finance and government funds, is not satisfied. Therefore, in the "planning", the Chinese family strongly encourages local governments to attract social capital, including private investment and foreign investment, to participate in railway investment and construction. This shows that the government finance is going to decline in the construction of high speed rail, and the social capital is playing a more and more important role. The PPP model is the investment of social capital into the high speed rail investment. However, the high speed rail projects built by the PPP model usually have the characteristics of complex financing structure, large investment scale, long construction cycle, more participants and so on. The risk runs through the whole process of the project, and the PPP mode is too short in China, and the social capital has the ability and experience on the risk management of the high speed railway PPP project. The risk management level determines whether the PPP project can be successful, how to identify, evaluate, share and control the risk of the high speed rail PPP project, which is the key to the success or failure of the high speed rail project. This paper is based on the theory of the PPP project model and the related theory of risk management. The risk factors existing in China's high speed rail PPP project, put forward corresponding suggestions on the risk of existence, and put forward some suggestions to the enterprise risk management system. First, the article analyses the current situation and existing problems of the risk management of the high speed rail project, and then deepens the course of risk management, in the risk identification link, through the literature analysis method. The risk of the high speed rail project is preliminarily identified, then the risk item is evaluated through the expert evaluation method, and the final risk list is obtained. Then, the risk factors are divided into three grades, and the risk factors are evaluated by the risk matrix method. Then the risk response plan is formulated with reference to the existing cases and literature. The risk monitoring strategy is strengthened. Finally, combining with the foreign management experience, this paper puts forward some suggestions on the risk management of China's railway PPP project from two aspects of internal management and external monitoring of enterprises. In the enterprise, enterprises need to optimize the organization of risk management, improve the management system of risk, and strengthen the comprehensive use of various risk management methods to strengthen the system. The management level of risk. Outside the enterprise, it is necessary to urge the government to improve the relevant laws and regulations, strengthen the inspection of the market and understand the trend of the market, is the means to guarantee the profit of the enterprise. Through the research on the risk management of the high speed rail PPP project, the aim is to solve the problem of the shortage of funds for the construction of the high speed railway in China, optimize the enterprise risk management process and improve the high speed railway PP P project risk management research is operable to improve the risk management ability of private enterprises, so that enterprises can improve the management ability of high speed rail PPP project risk and enhance the competitiveness of enterprises themselves.

【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F532.3;F283

【参考文献】