区域间孵化器效率研究

发布时间：2018-05-15 07:12

本文选题：孵化器 + 数据包络分析法　；参考：《浙江工商大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：中国宏观经济面临着很多问题,实体经济的低迷难辞其咎。供给侧改革本可作为一剂良药,但具体落实过程阻力巨大。科技发展是改革希望所在,但盲目投资会致使资源浪费。高科技领域的投资为各国政府和社会所认同,如RD投入常被视为国家对科技发展重视程度的指标。科技创新是社会发展的强大动力,代表着一个国家的竞争力。但是,科技投入的规模并不与其经济效应成正比,规模效应递减终会出现。科技投入过度原因很多。首先,政府政策的激励,使得资源投入存在经济非效率;其次,实体经济放缓和货币政策相对的宽松,使得资本市场大量的金融资源以风险资本的形式进入,而这也加大投资经济回报的风险。孵化器等科技服务业是当前发展高科技企业的重要一环,孵化器得到了各方的重视,政府推出了火炬计划等发展措施。自国家火炬计划批准实施以来,这项旨在指导中国高新技术产业发展的计划很好的助力我国高科技发展。孵化器在世界范围内对中小企业发展的重大意义是受到普遍认可的,中小企业的活力对于经济发展越来越重要。大力支持孵化器在中国的发展是政府不可推卸的责任,中国孵化器在三十年间经历了巨大的发展。尽管孵化器是新型产业,政府连年推动发达地区投资仍然会导致对其投资过剩的问题。近年来,关于孵化器效率的讨论越来越多,话题诸如物理空间投资过度、团队专业水平、孵化器服务能力不足等问题。对比鲜明,在欠发达地区,孵化器的发展水平低下,发展条件和政策较为欠缺。本文首先对各省孵化器运行效率进行静态的评估并对比。运用数据包络分析法(DEA),对2010-2014年全国24个省份孵化器的投入要素和产出要素进行效率评价。分析各年孵化器综合效率、纯技术效率和规模效率,对比区域间效率差异。其次通过Malmquist生产效率分析计算2010-2014期间生产率的动态变化,并将生产率变化分解为技术变化、以及由纯技术效率变化和规模效率变化衡量的技术效率变化。分别对比各省孵化器生产效率和技术改进情况,对比区域间的动态差异。分析各省份孵化器在研究期间逐年的规模效益变化、纯技术效率变化,对比研究发达地区和落后地区效率。借鉴发达国家孵化器发展的经验,为提高孵化器的竞争力,实现产业的市场化,孵化器需要摆脱对政府的依赖,实现多元化发展。营利性是孵化器未来发展的重要方向,盈利能力是孵化器效率的体现。本文建立总收入为因变量的回归模型,考察总体及区域之间总收入的各种影响因素,综合分析区域间孵化器提高效率的途径。通过理论与实证分析,我们得出以下结论:第一,我国各省孵化器发展相对均衡,综合效率较高。规模效率是部分省份综合效率相对无效的原因,落后地区规模不足,发达地区规模过剩。落后地区纯技术效率相对低,即资源配置效率不足。第二,孵化器存在的普遍问题是技术改进不足,技术落后导致我国孵化器生产效率逐年下降。第三,不同区域孵化器发展措施需对症下药。东部地区应当更加注重效率性投入,如增加孵化器管理人员的投入,培育在孵企业创新能力。西部地区处于建设初期,还需要加强孵化器的规模性投入,如孵化场地面积、公共投入等。
[Abstract]:China's macro-economy is facing a lot of problems, the real economic downturn is hard to blame. The supply side reform can be used as a good medicine, but the concrete implementation process has great resistance. The development of science and technology is the hope of reform, but the blind investment will cause the waste of resources. The investment in the high-tech field is recognized by the governments and society of various countries, such as the RD input is often considered. Scientific and technological innovation is a powerful indicator of the development of science and technology. Scientific and technological innovation is a powerful motive force of social development, representing the competitiveness of a country. However, the scale of scientific and technological input is not directly proportional to its economic effect, and the decline of scale effect will eventually appear. In the economic inefficiency, secondly, the economic slowdown and the monetary policy are relatively loose, making the capital market a large number of financial resources in the form of venture capital, which also increases the risk of investment in economic returns. The incubator and other scientific and technological services are an important part of the development of high-tech enterprises, and the incubator has been paid attention to by all parties. Since the approval and implementation of the national Torch Program, the plan to guide the development of China's high and new technology industry has greatly helped China's high-tech development. The importance of the incubator to the development of small and medium enterprises in the world is universally recognized, and the vitality of small and medium-sized enterprises is for economic development. It is more and more important that the development of the incubator in China is the unshirkable responsibility of the government. The Chinese incubator has experienced a great development in thirty years. Although the incubator is a new industry, the investment in the developed region will still lead to the problem of overinvestment. In recent years, the more discussion about the efficiency of the incubator The more issues such as overinvestment in physical space, team professional level, and insufficient service capacity of incubators. In less developed areas, the development level of incubators is low and the development conditions and policies are insufficient. Firstly, the paper evaluates and compares the operating efficiency of the incubators in all provinces. Method (DEA), the efficiency evaluation of the input factors and output factors of incubators in 24 provinces in 2010-2014 years was evaluated. The comprehensive efficiency of incubators, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency were analyzed, and the differences in efficiency were compared. Secondly, the dynamic changes of productivity during the period of 2010-2014 were calculated through the analysis of Malmquist production efficiency, and the productivity changes were changed. It is divided into technical changes, and the changes of technical efficiency measured by the change of pure technical efficiency and the change of scale efficiency. Compare the production efficiency and technological improvement of the incubators in each province, compare the dynamic differences between regions. In order to improve the efficiency of the developed countries and backward areas, to learn from the experience of the developed country incubator development, in order to improve the competitiveness of the incubator and realize the industrialization of the industry, the incubator needs to get rid of the dependence on the government and realize the diversified development. According to the regression model of the dependent variable, we examine the influence factors of total and regional total income, and analyze the ways to improve the efficiency of the interregional incubator. Through theoretical and empirical analysis, we draw the following conclusions: first, the development of the incubators in all provinces in China is relatively balanced and comprehensive efficiency is high. Scale efficiency is the comprehensive efficiency of some provinces. The relatively ineffective reason, the backward area scale is insufficient, the developed area is oversize. The backward area pure technical efficiency is relatively low, that is, the resource allocation efficiency is insufficient. Second, the common problem of the incubator is the lack of technical improvement, the technological backwardness leads to the production efficiency of the incubator in our country declining year by year. Third, the development measures for different regional incubators need to be developed. The eastern region should pay more attention to efficiency input, such as increasing the investment of incubator management personnel and cultivating innovative ability of incubating enterprises. In the early stage of construction, the western region needs to strengthen the scale investment of incubator, such as the area of incubator and public input.

【学位授予单位】：浙江工商大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F224;F279.2

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