城市化、基础权力与政治稳定

发布时间：2018-05-28 11:51

  本文选题：城市化 + 国家基础权力　； 参考：《政治学研究》2017年03期

【摘要】：中国城市化的快速发展在过去30年的时间里给人印象深刻,不过,令人费解的问题是,大多数发展中国家城市化都伴随着某种程度的政治动荡,只有中国保持着一定的稳定。我们由国家基础权力的理论入手,从国家的治理能力、国家对社会的控制范围以及国家统治的微观基础这样三个维度,来诠释这个现象,在于,中国的城市化不仅没有削弱国家的能力,相反,城市化极大地提高了国家的财力。国家财力的提高有助于国家在城市基层社区里有力地推行政策,有助于运用再分配的手段缩小贫富差距。国家基础权力的作用还来自于权力在城市空间的制度性拓展,将新的社会群体与国家之间建立起特定的政治联系。国家基础权力的建设着重于城市弱势群体利益的维护,无论是在城市新空间的权力扩张,还是在福利上向底层人口倾斜,抑或通过制度建设向城市弱势群体提供的国家救济,都是基于基层政治稳定的需要而做出的理性决定。国家基础权力在上述三个方面产生的总体效应,确保了中国的城市化进程没有伴生政治动荡。
[Abstract]:The rapid pace of urbanisation in China has been impressive over the past 30 years, but the puzzling problem is that most developing countries are accompanied by some degree of political instability and only China remains stable. We begin with the theory of the basic power of the state and interpret this phenomenon from the three dimensions of the state's ability to govern, the scope of the state's control over society, and the micro basis of the state's rule. China's urbanisation has not weakened the country's capacity. Rather, it has greatly increased the country's financial resources. The improvement of national financial resources can help the country to carry out the policy in the urban grassroots community and to reduce the gap between the rich and the poor by means of redistribution. The function of state basic power also comes from the institutional expansion of power in urban space and the establishment of specific political ties between the new social groups and the state. The construction of the national basic power focuses on the protection of the interests of the urban vulnerable groups, whether it is the expansion of power in the new urban space, the inclination of welfare to the bottom population, or the national relief provided to the urban vulnerable groups through the construction of the system. Both are rational decisions based on the need for political stability at the grass-roots level. The overall effect of state basic power in the above three aspects ensures that China's urbanization process is not accompanied by political turmoil.
【作者单位】： 上海交通大学国际与公共事务学院中国城市治理研究院;上海交通大学国际与公共事务学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金重点项目“城镇化进程中的社会稳定体系建设”(13AZD019)的研究成果
【分类号】：D61;F299.2
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本文编号：1946596