北京副中心建设对城市蔓延的作用研究

发布时间：2018-06-02 04:24

本文选题：城市蔓延 + 城市病　；参考：《首都经济贸易大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：北京市已经进入了高度城市化阶段,高度拥挤和膨胀的城市中心引发了一系列城市病,疏散化成为了北京市未来发展的趋势。《京津冀协同发展规划纲要》明确提出了北京疏解非首都功能和降低中心城人口比重的要求,在此背景下,建设北京城市副中心成为了顺应这种趋势的重点工程。北京城市副中心是北京空间战略转变的重大举措,其实质是疏解城市中心区城市功能,缓解北京的城市病;其目标是在北京市外围建立独立发展,功能完备的区域中心;其意义是重塑北京市空间结构,促进北京市由单中心向多中心转变。纵观世界大城市地区的郊区建设经验,大城市地区的疏散形式可分为蔓延式和跳跃式,而根据疏散时序又可分为居住引导的疏散化和产业引导的疏散化,北京市的城市蔓延问题实际上由于居住郊区化的滞后,导致中心城功能集中且疏解缓慢,城市外围蔓延式连片扩张造成的,因此我们不应因城市蔓延问题否定疏散化的客观趋势,北京的发展需要寻求新的疏散化道路。通州区因其良好的区位和发展基础,成为了北京城市副中心,但是通州区的发展现状仍然离城市副中心的建设要求差距较大,通州区产业发展落后、经济发展水平较低、职住不平衡等问题已经造成城市蔓延问题初现,而通州区现行的新城规划范围仅为副中心核心区的155平方公里,严重落后于通州区全域纳入城市副中心建设的实际,极有可能再次造成无序发展。若要顺利完成城市副中心疏解非首都功能的任务,必须转变发展思路,扩展城市发展空间,将小城镇纳入到城市建设体系之中,使小城镇适当的承担城市功能,只有如此才能提升通州区作为城市副中心的承载能力和发展空间,才能在通州区本身不出现城市病的情况下,缓解城市中心的城市病,改善北京城市蔓延式扩张的发展现状。本文围绕着通州区在建设城市副中心的过程中,如何避免自身产生城市病和更好的完成非首都功能疏解,缓解城市中心城市病这一问题,展开了对通州区的实证分析,主要结论如下:(1)乡镇建设可以提高城市副中心承载能力和拓展城市发展空间,加强城市副中心建设在缓解城市病方面的能力,逐步改善北京市蔓延式扩张的现状;(2)乡镇建设是城市蔓延治理的重要手段,形成以中小城镇为主的区域空间发展格局,可以避免在城市副中心内部出现城市病。
[Abstract]:Beijing has entered the stage of highly urbanized city. The highly crowded and expanding urban center has caused a series of urban diseases. Evacuation formation is for the future development trend of Beijing. The Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei coordinated Development Planning Program clearly puts forward the requirements for Beijing to unblock the functions of non-capital cities and reduce the proportion of population in central cities. In this context, The construction of Beijing sub-center has become a key project to comply with this trend. The deputy center of Beijing is an important measure of the strategic transformation of Beijing's space, its essence is to unblock the urban function of the central district of the city, to alleviate the urban disease in Beijing, and its goal is to establish a regional center with independent development and complete function in the periphery of Beijing. Its significance is to reshape the spatial structure of Beijing and promote the transformation of Beijing from single center to multi center. According to the experience of suburban construction in big cities in the world, the forms of evacuation in big cities can be divided into spread type and jump type, and according to the time sequence of evacuation, it can be divided into residential guidance evacuation and industry oriented evacuation. In fact, the problem of urban sprawl in Beijing is caused by the lagging of residential suburbanization, which leads to the centralization of the central city's functions and the slow resolution of the urban sprawl, which is caused by the sprawling expansion of the periphery of the city. Therefore, we should not deny the objective trend of evacuation because of the problem of urban sprawl, and the development of Beijing needs to seek a new road of evacuation. Tongzhou District has become the secondary center of Beijing because of its good location and development foundation. However, the development situation of Tongzhou District is still far from the requirements of the construction of the sub-center of the city, the industrial development of Tongzhou District is backward, and the level of economic development is low. Problems such as the imbalance of occupation and housing have caused the problem of urban sprawl. However, the existing planning scope of the new city in Tongzhou District is only 155 square kilometers of the core area of the sub-center, which is seriously behind the reality of bringing the whole area of Tongzhou District into the construction of the sub-center of the city. It is highly likely to cause disorderly development again. If we want to accomplish the task of unlocking the function of non-capital city, we must change the way of development, expand the space of urban development, bring the small town into the urban construction system, and make the small town take on the function of the city properly. Only in this way can we enhance the carrying capacity and development space of Tongzhou District as a sub-center of the city, and alleviate the urban disease of the city center and improve the development status of Beijing urban sprawl without the occurrence of urban disease in Tongzhou district. This paper focuses on the problem of how to avoid urban disease in Tongzhou district during the construction of sub-center, and how to solve the non-capital function better and alleviate the problem of urban central urban disease, and carry out an empirical analysis of Tongzhou district. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) Township construction can enhance the carrying capacity of urban sub-centers, expand the space for urban development, and strengthen the ability of urban sub-centers to alleviate urban diseases. Gradually improving the present situation of Beijing's spreading expansion is an important means of urban sprawl management. The formation of regional spatial development pattern with small and medium-sized cities and towns can avoid the occurrence of urban diseases within the sub-center of the city.
【学位授予单位】：首都经济贸易大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F299.27

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