城乡收入差距、劳动力质量与经济结构转型——来自中国省级数据的实证研究

发布时间：2018-06-02 15:07

本文选题：城乡收入差距 + 劳动力质量　；参考：《社会科学研究》2017年06期

【摘要】：城乡收入差距通过城乡居民消费需求影响经济结构转型,劳动力在产业间的自由流动受制于劳动力质量水平,而城乡收入差距透过人力资本投资影响全社会的劳动力质量。城乡收入差距、劳动力质量和经济结构转型之间的传导机制是:城乡收入差距通过抑制经济中工业产出份额、提升服务业产出份额推动经济结构的"服务型"变迁,劳动力质量的提升促进劳动力从农业、工业部门流向服务业部门,进而通过服务业部门产出份额的上升推动经济结构转型;城乡收入差距也会导致贫困农村居民丧失扩大人力资本投资的能力,从而制约全社会劳动力质量的提升,使劳动力的"服务型"流动和经济结构转型受阻。但是,东部沿海发达地区与中西部地区的城乡收入差距、劳动力质量对经济结构转型的影响存在显著非一致性。实现中国经济结构顺利转型需要将城乡收入差距缩小到合理区间,有效提升全社会的劳动力质量,创新经济转型的制度供给。
[Abstract]:The urban-rural income gap affects the economic structure transformation through the consumption demand of urban and rural residents. The free flow of labor force between industries is restricted by the labor quality level, while the urban-rural income gap affects the labor quality of the whole society through the investment of human capital. The transmission mechanism between urban-rural income gap, labor quality and economic structural transformation is that the urban-rural income gap promotes the "service-oriented" transition of economic structure by restraining the share of industrial output in the economy and promoting the share of service output. The improvement of the quality of labor force promotes the transfer of labor force from agriculture and industrial sector to service sector, and then promotes the economic structural transformation through the increase of output share of service sector. The income gap between urban and rural areas will also lead to the loss of poor rural residents' ability to expand investment in human capital, which will restrict the improvement of the quality of labor force in the whole society and hinder the "service-oriented" flow of labor force and the transformation of economic structure. However, the urban-rural income gap between the eastern coastal developed areas and the central and western regions, and the impact of labor quality on the economic structural transformation are significantly inconsistent. To realize the smooth transformation of China's economic structure, it is necessary to narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas to a reasonable range, effectively improve the quality of labor force in the whole society, and innovate the institutional supply of economic transformation.
【作者单位】：西北大学经济管理学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目(16BJY104) 陕西省社会科学基金面向“十三五”重大理论与现实问题研究项目(2016ZDA18) 西北大学研究生自主创新项目(YZZ15049)
【分类号】：F121;F124.7;F249.21

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