2000-2015年武汉都市发展区空间扩展研究
本文选题:武汉市 + 土地数量结构 ; 参考:《华中师范大学》2017年硕士论文
【摘要】:自步入新千年以来,我国城市化进程加速推进,城市土地利用格局正经历着一场大变革。城市建设用地的增长与耕地、林地面积的缩减成了城市空间变化过程中最显著的特征。武汉市作为我国中部核心城市,是“中部崛起”的焦点城市,近年来经济社会得到飞速发展,建设用地需求也随之加大。武汉市主城区外围的城市空间扩展迅速,但区域内的人口、资源、环境问题也日益突出。在此背景下进行关于都市发展区的空间扩展研究显得十分重要。本文以武汉市都市发展区为研究对象,既包括7个主城区又包括发展迅速的城市外围区。本研究以2000、2005、2010和2015年四期土地利用数据为依据,进而通过土地利用动态度、土地利用综合程度指数等方法解析了过去15年间研究区土地空间格局演变的总体情况,接着采用城市建设用地扩展的不同参数、重心转移模型、方位象限分析法、扩展形态、扩展模式等方法从多角度深入研究了武汉市建设用地扩展的时空特征。最后,结合2010-2020年武汉市城市总体规划,以2010年为基年,2015年为评价年,2020年为目标年,从重心迁移一致性、空间扩展一致性和空间布局一致性三个方面分析现阶段建设用地扩展与城市规划的一致性,以此揭示规划在城市空间扩展中的指导作用,发现目前城市发展中存在的问题,为城市合理发展提出有益的建议。研究得出如下结论:(1)2000-2015年这15年间研究区内各地类的数量结构发生较大的变化,最显著的是建设用地大幅度增长,增加值达55304公顷,而耕地、林地、水域及未利用地面积存在不同程度的减少,其中耕地面积减少最多,达49303.8公顷。这说明耕地与建设用地之间的矛盾成为城市空间扩展演化的主要特征。此外,水域面积数量起伏变化,总体趋于减少;草地波动变化,面积略有增加。这表明城市建设用地扩展压缩了本底生态空间,环境压力加大。(2)武汉市城市扩展在时间和空间上呈现出明显的差异。从建设用地增长数量来看,2005-2010年和2010-2015年建设用地面积增长速度高于2000-2005年,扩展动态度、扩展强度也显著上升。从各象限分异来看,2000-2015年,SEE和NNW建设用地扩展强度较为突出。从重心迁移来看,建设用地的重心具有不稳定性,2000-2005年向西南迁移,2005-2010年向东南迁移,2010-2015年继续向东南迁移,迁移速度先减少后增大。从城市形态变化来看,研究期时间范围内建设用地紧凑度指数值一直处于较低状态,说明城市建设用地布局较为松散。研究期时间范围内建设用地紧凑度值先变大后变小,表示城市轮廓由紧凑向松散发展。建设用地分形维数值先升后降且稳定性系数先下降后略有回升,说明城市空间发展变得更加规则和更加稳定。(3)武汉市都市发展区建设用地扩展模式演化特征:2000-2015年间蔓延式扩展始终占据主导地位,目前建设用地扩展仍然以蔓延为主。从时间演化过程来看,前期填充式扩展使主城区城市用地趋于饱和,飞地式扩展随之加速进行,带动了城市用地向外围的进一步发展,为蔓延式扩展提供了空间。从空间分布的差异性来看,蔓延式扩展的热点地区是江夏区和洪山区;填充式扩展主要发生在主城区,但有向外围推进的趋势;飞地式扩展始终集中于主城区外围,尤其是江夏区、东西湖区和黄陂区。武汉市都市发展区逐渐呈现出“中心主城+六大卫星城”的空间格局。(4)武汉市都市发展区建设用地扩展与城市规划一致性研究结果表明:2010-2015年间城市空间重心迁移方向基本符合城市规划预期方向,但是迁移速度略慢;在城市空间发展方向上,NEE方向由于自然条件受限,发展不足外,其余各向发展势头良好,城市空间初步呈现“中心主城+六大卫星城”格局;在空间布局一致性上,各功能用地扩展速度快与规划安排,建成率较高,但空间吻合率整体较低。
[Abstract]:Since the new millennium, the process of urbanization in China has accelerated, and the urban land use pattern is undergoing a great change. The growth of urban construction land and the reduction of cultivated land and the reduction of woodland area have become the most significant characteristics in the process of urban spatial change. As the central city of Central China, Wuhan is the focus city of "the rise of the central region". In recent years, the economic society has developed rapidly and the demand for construction land is also increasing. The expansion of the urban space outside the main urban area of Wuhan is rapid, but the population, resources and environmental problems in the region are becoming increasingly prominent. In this context, it is very important to carry out the Research on the expansion of the Urban Development Zone in this context. This paper is based on the urban development area of Wuhan. For the research object, it includes 7 main urban areas and the rapid development of urban peripheral areas. This study, based on the four period land use data of 200020052010 and 2015, analyzed the overall situation of the land spatial pattern evolution in the past 15 years through the land use dynamics and the index of land utilization comprehensive degree. Using the different parameters of the expansion of urban construction land, the model of gravity transfer, the azimuth quadrant analysis, the extended form and the expansion mode, the spatial and temporal characteristics of the expansion of the construction land in Wuhan are studied from many angles. Finally, in combination with the overall planning of the city of Wuhan for 2010-2020 years, the year 2010 is the basic year, the 2015 is the evaluation year, and the 2020 is the eye. In the year, from the three aspects of the consistency of the center of gravity migration, the consistency of space expansion and the consistency of the spatial layout, this paper analyzes the consistency between the expansion of the construction land use and the urban planning at the present stage, in order to reveal the guiding role of the planning in the expansion of the urban space, and find the problems existing in the current urban development, and put forward some useful suggestions for the rational development of the city. The following conclusions are drawn as follows: (1) there is a great change in the quantitative structure of the class in the study area during the 15 years of the 2000-2015 years. The most significant is that the construction land is greatly increased and the increase value reaches 55304 hectares, while the cultivated land, the woodland, the water area and the unused land have decreased in varying degrees, among which the area of cultivated land is reduced to a maximum of 49303.8 hectares. The contradiction between the cultivated land and the construction land has become the main feature of the urban space expansion and evolution. In addition, the amount and fluctuation of the area of the water area fluctuates, and the total area tends to decrease. The fluctuation of the grassland has a slight increase. This indicates that the urban construction land expands and compresses the ecological space, and the pressure of the environment is increased. (2) the expansion of the city in Wuhan is in time and space. From the number of construction land growth, the growth rate of construction land area in 2005-2010 and 2010-2015 years is higher than 2000-2005 years, the expansion dynamics and the expansion strength also rise significantly. From the point of view of the quadrant, the expansion intensity of the construction land for SEE and NNW is more prominent. The center of gravity of the land is unstable, migrated to the southwest in 2000-2005 years, migrated to the southeast in 2005-2010 years, and continued to migrate to the southeast in 2010-2015 years. The speed of migration was reduced first and then increased. In the period of study, the compactness of construction land in the period of study time becomes larger and then smaller, which indicates that the urban contour is developed from compact to loose. The fractal dimension value of the construction land first rises and then decreases and the stability coefficient decreases slightly after the decrease, which indicates that the development of urban space becomes more regular and more stable. (3) the expansion of the urban development area of Wuhan city is expanded. The evolution characteristics of the exhibition model: the spread expansion has always dominated in the 2000-2015 years. At present, the expansion of the construction land is still dominated by the spread. From the time evolution process, the early filling expansion makes the urban area of the main urban area become saturated and the expansion of the enclave style accelerates, driving the further development of the urban land to the periphery. Extending extension provides space. From the difference of spatial distribution, the hot areas of spread extension are Jiangxia and Hongshan; filling expansion mainly occurs in the main city, but there is a trend towards the periphery; the expansion of the enclave is always concentrated on the periphery of the main city, especially in Jiangxia, the East and West and Huangpi. The urban development of Wuhan city. The spatial pattern of "central city + six big satellite city" is gradually presented in the area. (4) the results of the research on the consistency of urban development area expansion and urban planning in Wuhan Urban Development Zone show that the migration direction of urban space center of gravity is basically in line with the expected direction of urban planning during the period of 2010-2015 years, but the migration speed is slightly slow; in the direction of urban space development, NEE Because of the limited natural conditions and lack of development, the rest of the development momentum is good. The urban space initially presents the pattern of "central city + six big satellite city". In the consistency of space layout, the expansion rate of each function is faster and the construction rate is higher, but the rate of space anastomosis is low.
【学位授予单位】:华中师范大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2017
【分类号】:F299.27
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