中外不动产统一登记比较研究

发布时间：2018-06-18 15:59

本文选题：不动产 + 统一登记　；参考：《中国地质大学(北京)》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：不动产统一登记,有利于对一个国家摸清家底、保护不动产交易安全、稳定房价、辅助税收。所以积极推进不动产登记工作的进行,将是主管部门与其他各行政管理部门的共同目标。现在国际上普遍采用的登记模式有权利登记、契据登记、托伦斯登记三种,这三者的区别在于权利登记和托伦斯登记采用登记生效的制度,契据登记是登记对抗模式,权利登记与托伦斯登记的差别在于托伦斯登记会发放登记凭证。本文通过选取三大不动产登记模式的几大典型国家,采用空间分析、历史研究、交叉对比等方法,得出对不动产登记模式有重要影响的几大因素:相邻国家的影响;殖民背景的影响;法系背景的影响。在此基础上,对我国的不动产登记制度的历史演变进行研究,结合登记制度发展的现状,得出以下结论:托伦斯制度是最适合我国国情的。国内的不动产登记发展经历了统一登记到分散登记再到现在统一登记的历程,分别采用过登记对抗到登记生效再到两者并行的模式。目前我国不动产统一登记工作呈现发展差异大、东西中部发展不均衡、地方阻力大等问题。为保证全国范围内的统一登记的顺利进行,需要对这些滞后地区加强有效的管理与督查。对于国内不动产登记制度的建设,还需要从以下方面进行加强:第一登记内容需要丰富与改进。比如林木登记和国有土地所有权。第二、现阶段登记生效和登记对抗并存,需要在法律条文中进行确定。第四、登记职责机构虽然已经统一,但是其他管理职责还是归属相关部门。尤其是房管部门和国土部门之间的配合与交流还需要加强。第五、登记人员的准入标准还需明确。第六、登记簿册的电子化是必然趋势,便于保存、安全性高的载体是发展目标。第七、为保护个人隐私,对外公开的查询制度采用以房或地为检索对象。为配合司法机关工作,可开通部分以人为检索对象的查询功能。未来我国的不动产的登记内容的丰富化、登记流程的线上化、登记信息与证书的电子化、配套制度的健全化等都是可以考虑的发展趋势,只有不断优化才能更好地发挥作用。
[Abstract]:Unified registration of real estate is beneficial to a country to find out the family situation, to protect the security of real estate transactions, to stabilize house prices, and to assist in tax collection. Therefore, actively promoting the real estate registration will be the common goal of the competent authorities and other administrative departments. At present, there are three kinds of registration modes that are widely used in the world: right registration, deed registration and Torrance registration. The difference among them is that the right registration and Torrance registration adopt the system of registration and effective, and deed registration is the registration antagonism mode. The difference between right registration and Torrance registration is that Torrance registers will issue registration documents. By selecting several typical countries of the three major real estate registration models, using the methods of spatial analysis, historical research and cross-comparison, this paper draws several important factors that have an important impact on the real estate registration model: the influence of neighboring countries; The influence of a colonial background; the influence of a legal background. On this basis, this paper studies the historical evolution of the real estate registration system in China, and draws the following conclusions: Torrance system is the most suitable for the national conditions of our country. The development of real estate registration in China has experienced the process from unified registration to decentralized registration and then to unified registration. At present, the unified registration of real estate in our country presents some problems, such as great difference in development, unbalanced development between east and west, and great local resistance. In order to ensure the smooth progress of unified registration in the whole country, it is necessary to strengthen the effective management and supervision of these lagging areas. The construction of domestic real estate registration system needs to be strengthened from the following aspects: the first registration content needs to be enriched and improved. For example, tree registration and state-owned land ownership. Second, the registration effect and registration confrontation coexist at the present stage, which need to be determined in the legal provisions. Fourth, although the registration responsibility organization has been unified, but other management responsibilities or belong to the relevant departments. Especially, the cooperation and communication between the housing management department and the land department need to be strengthened. Fifth, the registration personnel's admission standard also needs to be clear. Sixth, the electronic register is an inevitable trend, easy to preserve, high security carrier is the development goal. Seventh, in order to protect personal privacy, the public inquiry system adopts the house or land as the retrieval object. In order to cooperate with the work of the judiciary, we can open a part of the search function. In the future, the enrichment of real estate registration content, the online registration process, the electronic registration information and certificate, and the perfection of supporting system are all the development trends that can be considered. Only through continuous optimization can we play a better role.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F299.23

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