基于PPP思想的合同能源管理项目融资模式研究

发布时间：2018-09-08 13:58

【摘要】：中国目前面临着严峻的环境污染和能源短缺问题,1998年以来,中国引进合同能源管理(Energy Performance Contracting)机制,这个机制在节能减排方面的有效性和灵活性得到了大众的普遍认可,我国政府也明确提出了“加快推行节能服务行业,推进企业节能技术改造”,并将合同能源管理视为“十三五”期间节能减排的重要手段之一。但是目前在合同能源管理的发展过程中诸多问题依然存在,对于合同能源管理的推广产生了极其严重的阻碍,其中影响最严重的的问题是项目融资这一关键环节上。融资问题已严重制约了我国合同能源管理项目的发展。节能服务企业的规模偏小、缺乏信用担保成为导致融资问题难以解决的主要原因。现在中国经济发展出现新常态,社会融资增速已放缓,出资人越来越不愿意去承担较大的风险。所以在新常态下,合同能源管理行业面临着巨大困难。PPP(Public-Private Partnership)模式近年来得到国家的大力支持,它项目来源比较充足、融资能力较强,这恰恰是合同能源管理产业所缺乏的。如果合同能源管理产业与PPP模式能够有效结合起来,就可以利用PPP模式的融资优势解决合同能源管理所面临的困境。所以,研究合同能源管理与PPP模式是否能够集成、以何种方式集成、对集成体发展会产生影响的因素都有哪些,新常态下,中国合同能源管理产业将走向何方,是我们急需探索研究的重要问题。本文基于PPP思想对我国合同能源管理项目融资问题进行研究,以集成论为基本理论框架,本文首先通过分析PPP模式与合同能源管理产业集成所需要的集成条件、集成单元和集成界面,对二者集成的可行性进行了论证,解决了两者能否集成的问题;然后,在确定了集成单元和集成界面的基础上,构建了PPP模式与合同能源管理产业之间的集成模式,探索出怎样集成的问题;进而,识别出影响PPP模式与合同能源管理产业所构成的集成体运行的集成环境,解决了哪些因素会影响集成体发展的问题,并设计出EPC-PPP集成融资模新模式。最后对EPC-PPP集成融资模式的应用环境和面临风险进行了分析,并根据本文研究成果及结论,提出了促进EPC-PPP集成融资模式应用发展的建议和对策。
[Abstract]:China is currently facing severe environmental pollution and energy shortage problems. Since 1998, China has introduced the (Energy Performance Contracting) mechanism of contract energy management, the effectiveness and flexibility of this mechanism in energy conservation and emission reduction has been generally recognized by the public. The government of our country has also clearly put forward "to speed up the implementation of energy-saving service industry and promote the technological transformation of energy conservation in enterprises", and regard the contract energy management as one of the important means of energy saving and emission reduction during the 13th Five-Year Plan period. However, there are still many problems in the development of contract energy management, which is a very serious obstacle to the promotion of contract energy management, among which the most serious problem is project financing. Financing problem has seriously restricted the development of contract energy management project in China. The scale of energy saving service enterprises is small and the lack of credit guarantee is the main cause of financing problems. Now that China's economy is in a new normal, social financing growth has slowed and investors are increasingly reluctant to take on bigger risks. Therefore, in the new normal, the contract energy management industry is faced with great difficulties. PPP (Public-Private Partnership) model has been strongly supported by the state in recent years. Its project source is more abundant, and its financing ability is stronger, which is precisely what the contract energy management industry lacks. If the contract energy management industry and the PPP model can be effectively combined, the financing advantages of the PPP model can be used to solve the dilemma faced by the contract energy management. Therefore, whether the contract energy management and the PPP mode can be integrated, in what way, what factors will affect the development of the integrated system? under the new normal, where will the contract energy management industry in China go? It is an important problem that we urgently need to explore and study. Based on the idea of PPP, this paper studies the financing of contract energy management projects in China, and takes integration theory as the basic theoretical framework. Firstly, this paper analyzes the integration conditions needed by the integration of PPP mode and contract energy management industry. The feasibility of their integration is demonstrated, and the problem of whether they can be integrated is solved. Then, on the basis of determining the integration unit and interface, The integration model between PPP mode and contract energy management industry is constructed, and the problem of how to integrate is explored. Furthermore, the integrated environment that affects the operation of integration body composed of PPP mode and contract energy management industry is identified. It solves the problem of which factors will affect the development of the integration, and designs a new model of EPC-PPP integrated financing model. Finally, the paper analyzes the application environment and the risk of EPC-PPP integrated financing model, and puts forward some suggestions and countermeasures to promote the application of EPC-PPP integrated financing model according to the research results and conclusions of this paper.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F283;F206

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