中国劳动者的风险偏好与职业选择
发布时间：2018-11-24 10:53
【摘要】：人力资本理论能够在一定程度上解释劳动者的职业选择,但难以解释中国劳动力市场上高学历劳动者就业偏好集中于风险较低行业和代际间职业流动性偏低的现实。本文在劳动者职业选择分析中引入劳动者风险偏好异质性,使用CHNS1989-2011年的数据对这种风险偏好的代际传递及对子女职业选择的影响进行分析,并尝试解释产生这种现象的原因及其内在机理。研究发现:(1)中国劳动力市场上存在较显著的风险代际传递现象,劳动者的风险态度不仅存在于个体间的差异,也存在于单一劳动者不同年龄层次上的差异。(2)这种风险的代际传递影响着子女的职业选择,是代际职业流动性偏低的重要原因之一。(3)导致这种风险代际传递的内在原因,在于子女同家庭成员间内部行为互动,以及子女与同群者的外部行为互动。因此,中国目前社会上"二代"现象的产生,除了与子女人力资本积累程度相关外,还与劳动者对风险的基本态度相联系。年轻一代劳动者在职业选择方面的保守行为,实际上是中国社会目前整体厌恶风险现实的一个具体体现。
[Abstract]:The theory of human capital can explain the workers' career choice to a certain extent, but it is difficult to explain the fact that the employment preference of the highly educated workers in China's labor market is concentrated in low-risk industries and intergenerational occupational mobility. This paper introduces the heterogeneity of laborer's risk preference into the analysis of workers' career choice, and analyzes the intergenerational transmission of this risk preference and its influence on children's career choice by using the data of CHNS1989-2011 year. And try to explain the cause of this phenomenon and its internal mechanism. The findings are as follows: (1) there is a significant phenomenon of intergenerational risk transmission in China's labor market, and the risk attitude of workers is not only different from individual to individual. There are also differences in the age levels of single workers. (2) the intergenerational transmission of this risk affects the career choices of children, It is one of the important reasons for the low intergenerational occupational mobility. (3) the internal behavior interaction between children and family members, as well as the external behavior interaction between children and the same group, is the internal reason leading to the intergenerational transmission of risk. Therefore, the emergence of the "second generation" phenomenon in China is not only related to the accumulation of children's human capital, but also related to the basic attitude of workers towards risk. The conservative behavior of young workers in career choice is in fact a concrete embodiment of the overall risk-averse reality in Chinese society at present.
【作者单位】： 中南财经政法大学财税学院;
【基金】：教育部青年基金(16YJC790148) 博士后科学基金(2016M590069)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：F249.2
本文编号：2353413
[Abstract]:The theory of human capital can explain the workers' career choice to a certain extent, but it is difficult to explain the fact that the employment preference of the highly educated workers in China's labor market is concentrated in low-risk industries and intergenerational occupational mobility. This paper introduces the heterogeneity of laborer's risk preference into the analysis of workers' career choice, and analyzes the intergenerational transmission of this risk preference and its influence on children's career choice by using the data of CHNS1989-2011 year. And try to explain the cause of this phenomenon and its internal mechanism. The findings are as follows: (1) there is a significant phenomenon of intergenerational risk transmission in China's labor market, and the risk attitude of workers is not only different from individual to individual. There are also differences in the age levels of single workers. (2) the intergenerational transmission of this risk affects the career choices of children, It is one of the important reasons for the low intergenerational occupational mobility. (3) the internal behavior interaction between children and family members, as well as the external behavior interaction between children and the same group, is the internal reason leading to the intergenerational transmission of risk. Therefore, the emergence of the "second generation" phenomenon in China is not only related to the accumulation of children's human capital, but also related to the basic attitude of workers towards risk. The conservative behavior of young workers in career choice is in fact a concrete embodiment of the overall risk-averse reality in Chinese society at present.
【作者单位】： 中南财经政法大学财税学院;
【基金】：教育部青年基金(16YJC790148) 博士后科学基金(2016M590069)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：F249.2
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