省级电网企业应急物资储备库选址研究

发布时间：2019-01-18 07:06

【摘要】：电网企业作为关系国计民生的公用事业单位,保证电网安全运行、对用户连续供电是电网企业的基本责任。当发生灾害事故的情况下,如何保障应急物资及时供应,在最短的时间内恢复供电并将灾害造成的损失最小化,这是我国各级电网企业需要研究的一项重要课题。应急物资储备库作为应急物流系统中的重要节点,其选址布局的合理性直接影响到应急救援的效率和效果。目前我国省级电网企业在应急物资储备库建设方面还存在着缺乏科学规划、选址不合理等问题,因此,研究省级电网应急物资储备库选址具有十分重要的理论价值和实际意义。本文首先利用文献法和资料查阅法对研究背景和国内外研究现状进行了解,介绍了电网应急物流和应急物资需求等相关基础理论,并归纳总结了常用的选址模型和方法,然后通过实地调研了解应急物资储备库的选址现状,研究国网和南网公司系统部分省级电网公司应急物资储备库选址实践及存在的不足,比较分析了现有应急选址模型方法的优缺点,在以上研究基础上提出应急物资储备库选址的流程和适用的选址方法,综合运用DANP模型和多目标规划法,构建省级电网应急物资储备库的选址模型。模型构建具体可以分为三个阶段,首先是对影响应急选址区域的宏观因素进行分析,建立评价指标体系;然后针对选址影响因素复杂且难以量化的特点,利用DANP模型建立设施初步选址的评价模型,借助Super Decisions软件进行求解,从候选区域中选择最优选址片区;再次在片区选址的基础上,将物流总成本最低和覆盖程度最高设定为电网应急物资储备库选址的微观目标,同时兼顾应急物资时效性的要求,建立了包含两个目标的多目标规划模型,运用灰色预测法进行应急物资需求预测,通过主要目标法将多目标转变为单目标函数并借助Lingo软件进行求解。最后通过一个算例验证了模型的实用性和可行性。本文基于DANP模型和多目标规划法构建了省级电网应急物资储备库选址模型,为应急设施选址决策提供了一种新的实用性方法。
[Abstract]:As a public utility related to the national economy and the people's livelihood, power grid enterprises are the basic responsibility of power grid enterprises to ensure the safe operation of the power grid and to supply power continuously to the users. How to ensure the timely supply of emergency supplies, restore power supply in the shortest time and minimize the losses caused by disasters in the event of disasters and accidents is an important subject for all levels of power grid enterprises in our country to study. As an important node in the emergency logistics system, the rationality of the location and layout of emergency material reserve directly affects the efficiency and effect of emergency rescue. At present, there are still some problems such as lack of scientific planning and unreasonable location in the construction of emergency material reserve in provincial power grid enterprises. Therefore, it is of great theoretical value and practical significance to study the location of emergency material storage in provincial power grid. In this paper, the background of the research and the current situation of the research at home and abroad are studied by using the literature method and the reference method, and the relevant basic theories such as the emergency logistics and the emergency material demand of the power network are introduced, and the commonly used location models and methods are summarized. Then through the field investigation to understand the emergency material reserve location status quo, to study the national network and the South Grid Company system of provincial power grid companies emergency materials storage location practices and shortcomings. The advantages and disadvantages of the existing emergency location model are compared and analyzed. On the basis of the above research, the process and the suitable location method of the emergency material reserve are put forward, and the DANP model and the multi-objective programming method are used synthetically. The location model of provincial power grid emergency material reserve is constructed. The construction of the model can be divided into three stages. Firstly, the macro factors affecting the emergency location area are analyzed, and the evaluation index system is established. Then, aiming at the complex and difficult to quantify the factors of location selection, the evaluation model of facility initial location is established by using DANP model, and the optimal location area is selected from the candidate region by Super Decisions software. Thirdly, on the basis of the location of the area, the lowest total cost and the highest coverage of logistics are set as the microscopic target of the emergency material storage location of the power network, and the requirements of timeliness of emergency materials are also taken into account. A multi-objective programming model with two objectives is established, and the grey forecasting method is used to predict the demand of emergency materials. The multi-objective is transformed into a single-objective function by the main objective method and solved by Lingo software. Finally, an example is given to verify the practicability and feasibility of the model. Based on the DANP model and the multi-objective programming method, this paper constructs the location model of emergency material storage in provincial power network, which provides a new practical method for emergency facility location decision.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F251;F426.61

【参考文献】