我国交强险经营困境及定价方案改进研究

发布时间：2018-01-28 18:44

本文关键词： 交强险经营亏损定价方案改进　出处：《郑州大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：机动车交通事故责任强制保险(下文简称“交强险”)是我国产险业的重要组成部分,作为首个全国推行的强制保险的险种,在道路交通事故中发挥着分散风险和社会管理的职能,对我国的经济发展和社会稳定发挥着不可替代的作用。我国汽车产业快速发展和居民收入水平的不断提升,为车险业务的发展提供了良好的基础条件,与此同时,每年机动车伤亡的人数也因此不断增加,经济水平较差的驾驶员在发生交通事故时不能对受害人及时有效的予以补偿。鉴于此,我国于2006年推出了交强险制度来维护交通事故中受害人的合法权益。然而,由于我国保险行业发展尚不成熟,交强险的经营陷入亏损困境。截至2012年末,交强险经营累计亏损达到了256亿元。交强险经营亏损的原因是多方面的,主要是不变的收费标准同社会经济成本不断攀升的矛盾以及保险行业经营技术升级缓慢造成的。交强险作为我国首个全国推广的险种,对我国推行其他险种有着重要的借鉴意义,持续亏损的经营现况或会降低其服务质量,不利于其发挥维护社会稳定的作用。因此,分析交强险经营亏损的原因,探索促进交强险健康发展的方式,对交强险的健康发展乃至后期推行其他强制险种都有着积极的理论与现实意义。本文主要内容如下：首先,阐述本文的研究背景和研究意义,概括研究思路,并指出论文创新和不足之处。其次,对国内外交强险的发展和经营状况进行阐述和分析。研究发现：欧美等国家和地区交强险发展有健全的法律基础和成熟的经营技术作保障；日本及我国港台地区在交强险的服务条款主要对交通事故中的人身伤亡进行保障,不含财产保障,这有助于实现为交通事故中受害人健康、生命的损害提供基本保障这一目的。对我国交强险的经营状况分析发现：承保所得为负、投资所得较低、费用及成本较高。再次,对我国交强险经营亏损原因进行不同层面的分析。结果发现：现行费率定价方案不够精确、社会经济环境不够宽松、保险行业经营管理水平不高等综合因素导致了我国交强险的亏损现况。最后,尝试设计出新的定价方案并对该方案实施提出具体措施。建议：通过加入多种因素尝试建立新的定价方案,促使其早日进入“不盈不亏”的健康经营模式；保险行业应认清自身存在的经营技术问题,与监管部门合作进行产业升级；宏观经济政策上政府应结合实际建立灵活的税收机制、稳健的司法环境促进其发展。
[Abstract]:Compulsory liability insurance for motor vehicle traffic accidents (hereinafter referred to as "traffic insurance") is an important part of the property insurance industry in China, as the first compulsory insurance in China. It plays an irreplaceable role in the economic development and social stability of our country. The rapid development of China's automobile industry and the continuous improvement of residents' income level provide a good basic condition for the development of auto insurance business, at the same time, the number of motor vehicle casualties is also increasing every year. The driver with poor economic level can not compensate the victim in time when the traffic accident occurs. In view of this. In 2006, China introduced the traffic insurance system to protect the legitimate rights and interests of the victims of traffic accidents. However, because of the development of the insurance industry in China is not yet mature. As of end of 2012, the accumulated losses of Jiaotong insurance have reached 25.6 billion yuan. The reasons for the losses are various. It is mainly caused by the contradiction between the constant charge standard and the rising social and economic cost and the slow upgrading of the insurance industry technology. Traffic insurance is the first national spread of insurance in China. It is of great significance for our country to carry out other kinds of insurance. The current situation of continuous loss may reduce its service quality, and it will not play a role in maintaining social stability. Therefore, this paper analyzes the reasons for the loss of operation in traffic insurance. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to explore the ways to promote the healthy development of traffic insurance and to carry out other compulsory insurance in the later period. The main contents of this paper are as follows: First of all, this paper describes the research background and significance, summarizes the research ideas, and points out the paper innovation and deficiencies. Secondly. This paper expounds and analyzes the development and management of traffic insurance at home and abroad. The study finds that the development of traffic strong insurance in Europe and America has a sound legal basis and mature management technology. The terms of service of Japan and Hong Kong and Taiwan in traffic insurance mainly protect the personal injury and death in the traffic accident, which does not include the property security, which is helpful to realize the health of the victim in the traffic accident. The purpose of life damage is to provide the basic protection. The analysis of the operating condition of our country's traffic insurance shows that the underwriting income is negative, the investment income is low, the cost and cost are high. This paper analyzes the causes of operational losses of traffic insurance in China at different levels. The results show that the current pricing scheme is not accurate enough, and the social and economic environment is not easy enough. The insurance industry management level is not high and so on the comprehensive factor has led to our country traffic strong insurance loss present situation. Finally. This paper tries to design a new pricing scheme and puts forward some concrete measures for the implementation of the scheme. Suggestions are made: try to establish a new pricing scheme by adding a variety of factors to promote it to enter the healthy management mode of "no profit and no loss" as soon as possible; The insurance industry should recognize its own problems of management technology and cooperate with the regulatory authorities to upgrade the industry. In macroeconomic policy, the government should set up a flexible tax mechanism and a sound judicial environment to promote its development.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F842.69

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