上海市城镇生育保险制度整合研究

发布时间：2018-02-11 04:39

本文关键词： 生育保险制度碎片化公平性整合　出处：《华东师范大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：生育保险作为保障生育妇女基本权益、体现生育行为社会价值的社会保险,和养老、医疗等社会保险一样越来越受到从人民代表大会、各级行政管理部门到参保人员、受众群体的重视与关注。新中国成立以来,我国的生育保险制度得到了长足发展,但目前与养老、医疗等社会保险一样碎片化现象严重,生育妇女对生育保险平等性呼声愈来愈高。十八大报告第七部分指出“统筹推进城乡社会保障体系建设”将城乡社保一体化提到了一个新的高度,明确提出“整合城乡居民基本养老保险和基本医疗保险制度”。我国的生育保险制度是社会保险五种险种之一,从2012年11月人保部发出了《生育保险办法(征求意见稿)》,可以看出国家对生育保险这一险种的重视,对这一险种的整合进行研究就显得极为重要。与国外一些国家相比较,我国有几个特点：①我国人口基数大,生育妇女人数相对较高；②我国执行计划生育政策,在生育保险基金支出方面的控制力较强；③我国执行户籍制度,二元社会结构导致大部分碎片化现象的发生。因此我国必须寻求一种适应于自身发展的对策措施。在生育保险制度方面,上海较全国其他地区起步晚,从2001年上海市城镇生育保险办法颁布以来,先后进行过4次修改,着力于扩大覆盖范围、提高生育妇女的保险待遇。但是目前上海市生育保险制度也存在着较严重的碎片化现象,生育妇女个人属于城镇还是农村户籍、本地还是外来户籍、正规就业还是灵活就业,甚至所在单位、行业效益不同,都将给她们在享受生育保险待遇方面生产重大影响。因此对上海市生育保险制度进行深入的研究和分析,找出存在问题的原因并提出相应的对策,促进消除生育保险制度碎片化现象、降低当下生育妇女的不公平感是当务之急。本文首先介绍生育保险的概念,叙述其在新中国成立之后的发展,以及国内外的理论发展和专家学者的观点。接着叙述上海市第一次颁布城镇生育保险办法至今的发展历程,从制度目标、制度安排、制度实施几个方面对政策进行分析研究,重点从户籍因素、就业因素和制度安排因素等方面对碎片化现象进行论证,正视生育保险办法存在的问题。最后,针对性的提出解决碎片化现象的对策思路,以期能为上海市生育保险办法更完善、提高受益人群范围和待遇等问题提供参考意见。
[Abstract]:Birth insurance, as a social insurance that protects the basic rights and interests of women with birth, embodies the social value of reproductive behavior, is increasingly being received from the people's congresses, administrative departments at all levels to insured personnel, along with social insurance such as old-age care, medical care, and so on. The attention and attention of the audience groups. Since the founding of the people's Republic of China, the birth insurance system of our country has been greatly developed, but at present it is as fragmented as social insurance such as old-age care and medical care. Maternity women are increasingly calling for equality in maternity insurance. In part 7th of the 18 report, it was pointed out that "comprehensively promoting the construction of the urban and rural social security system" has brought the integration of urban and rural social security to a new height. Clearly put forward "integrating the basic old-age insurance and basic medical insurance system of urban and rural residents". The birth insurance system of our country is one of the five kinds of social insurance, In November 2012, the Ministry of people's Insurance issued the measures for Maternity Insurance (draft for opinions), which shows that the state attaches great importance to maternity insurance, and it is extremely important to study the integration of this insurance. China has several characteristics: 1. Our population base is large, the number of women bearing children is relatively high. 2. China implements the family planning policy, and has stronger control over the expenditure of the maternity insurance fund. 3. China implements the household registration system. The dualistic social structure leads to the occurrence of most fragmentation, so we must seek a kind of countermeasure to adapt to our own development. In terms of the birth insurance system, Shanghai started later than other regions in the country. Since the promulgation of the Shanghai Municipal measures on Maternity Insurance in 2001, four amendments have been made to expand the coverage. But at present, the fertility insurance system of Shanghai also has a relatively serious fragmentation phenomenon. The individual fertility women belong to urban or rural household registration, local or foreign household registration, formal employment or flexible employment. Even the units in which they work, with different industry benefits, will have a major impact on their production in enjoying maternity insurance treatment. Therefore, the Shanghai maternity insurance system will be deeply studied and analyzed. It is urgent to find out the causes of the problems and put forward the corresponding countermeasures to promote the elimination of the fragmentation of maternity insurance system and to reduce the current sense of unfairness among women bearing children. This paper first introduces the concept of birth insurance, describes its development after the founding of New China, as well as the theoretical development at home and abroad and the views of experts and scholars. From the system goal, the system arrangement, the system implementation several aspects carries on the analysis and the research to the policy, emphatically from the household registration factor, the employment factor and the system arrangement factor and so on aspect carries on the demonstration to the fragmentation phenomenon, Finally, the author puts forward some countermeasures to solve the fragmentation phenomenon in order to provide reference for the improvement of fertility insurance in Shanghai and the improvement of the scope and treatment of the beneficiary population.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F842.617

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