上海市柔性延迟申领养老金政策研究

发布时间：2018-02-23 00:48

本文关键词： 养老保险制度人口老龄化退休年龄柔性延迟申领养老金　出处：《上海师范大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着社会经济的发展,人口老龄化成为世界趋势。同时,整个社会养老保险制度面临着因人口老龄化带来的巨大挑战和可持续发展压力,这给经济水平欠发达的中国带来了严峻考验和挑战。上海的老龄化程度居全国之首,这种人口年龄结构的持续变化使“现收现付”式的养老金制度面临着极大压力。近年来,上海市社会养老保险金收不抵支的情况越来越严重,养老保险金的支出占社会保障支出总费用的比例持续上升。延长退休年龄是人类预期寿命延长和人力资本投资年限不断延长的要求,是维护代际公平的必然选择,也有利于增加社会养老保险基金的积累。因此,上海市2010年10月1日起实施柔性延迟申领养老金政策试点,开始探索进行退休年龄和养老金方面的改革。上海在国家没有做出统一延长退休年龄规定之前,出台此项柔性延迟申领养老金政策是我国退休制度改革的一次试水,总体看,初衷是好的,政策设计也比较人性化。但从实际执行看,试点情况未达到预期效果,推进缓慢。此项政策的影响低于预期,象征意义大于实际作用。除国家退休政策大环境的影响外,其他原因也值得深入思考和研究,积极探索柔性延迟申领养老金工作对于发挥各类人才作用和提高个人养老保险待遇都具有很强的现实意义,对完善全国社会养老保险制度的建设也具有借鉴意义。本文基于访谈、问卷调查、调阅政府文献等实证方法,对上海柔性延迟申领养老金政策进行研究,尤其对政策效果予以科学评定,总结上海案例,为我国即将推行的渐进式延迟退休改革提供借鉴。本文第一章对于选题的背景与意义做了介绍,同时论述了现阶段国内外对于退休政策改革研究的状况,并阐述了本文所采用的研究方法;第二章首先对于柔性延迟申领养老金政策和一直以来实施的退休返聘政策做了概念界定,详细介绍了上海市柔性延迟申领养老金政策出台的背景与过程、该政策的主要内容和政策的预期目标;在第三章中,客观地描述了该政策的实施现状;第四章是上海市柔性延迟申领养老金政策评估及原因分析;在第五章中,介绍了各国现行的退休制度对上海市柔性延迟申领养老金政策实施的参考和借鉴,并阐述面对“十三五”规划的柔性延迟申领养老金政策若再沿用,有待完善;若被废除,引以为鉴;最后一章,根据之前的论述,对上海市柔性延迟申领养老金政策进行总结,并提出进一步工作的方向。
[Abstract]:With the development of social economy, the aging of population becomes the world trend. At the same time, the whole social endowment insurance system is facing the enormous challenge and the pressure of sustainable development brought by the aging of the population. This poses a severe test and challenge to underdeveloped China. Shanghai has the largest aging population in the country, and the continuous changes in the age structure of the population have put great pressure on the "pay-as-you-go" pension system. The situation of social pension insurance in Shanghai is getting more and more serious. The expenditure of pension insurance continues to rise in proportion to the total expenditure on social security. Prolonging the retirement age is the requirement of increasing human life expectancy and increasing the number of years of investment in human capital, and is an inevitable choice to maintain intergenerational equity. It is also conducive to increasing the accumulation of social pension insurance funds. Therefore, since October 1st 2010, Shanghai has implemented a pilot flexible deferred application pension policy. Start to explore the reform of retirement age and pension. Before the state made a uniform rule to extend the retirement age, the introduction of the flexible deferred application pension policy was a test of the reform of China's retirement system. Generally speaking, The original intention was good, and the design of the policy was more humanized. But from the point of view of the actual implementation, the pilot did not achieve the desired effect and the progress was slow. The impact of this policy was lower than expected. The symbolic significance is greater than the actual effect. Besides the influence of the general environment of the national retirement policy, other reasons are also worthy of further consideration and study. Actively exploring the flexible delay in applying for pension is of great practical significance to bring all kinds of talents into full play and to improve the treatment of individual old-age insurance. This paper, based on interviews, questionnaires, government literature and other empirical methods, makes a study on the flexible deferred application pension policy in Shanghai, which is also useful for the improvement of the construction of the national social old-age insurance system. In particular, the effect of the policy should be scientifically evaluated, and the case of Shanghai should be summarized to provide a reference for the gradual delayed retirement reform to be carried out in China. The first chapter of this paper introduces the background and significance of the topic. At the same time, it discusses the research status of retirement policy reform at home and abroad at present, and expounds the research methods adopted in this paper. In the second chapter, the concept of flexible delayed claim pension policy and retirement reemployment policy has been defined, and the background and process of Shanghai flexible delayed application pension policy are introduced in detail. The main contents of the policy and the expected objectives of the policy; in the third chapter, objectively describe the status of implementation of the policy; chapter 4th is Shanghai flexible deferred claim pension policy evaluation and cause analysis; in chapter 5th, This paper introduces the reference and reference of the current retirement system in various countries to the implementation of flexible deferred claim pension policy in Shanghai, and expounds that the flexible deferred application pension policy in the face of the 13th Five-Year Plan needs to be improved if it continues to be followed; if it is abolished, The last chapter, according to the previous discussion, summarizes the flexible deferred claim pension policy in Shanghai, and puts forward the direction of further work.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F842.67

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