我国人身保险公司偿付能力的实证研究

发布时间：2018-03-15 20:40

本文选题：人身保险公司　切入点：偿付能力　出处：《中国海洋大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：自20世纪80年代恢复保险业务以来，我国人身保险市场保持了良好的发展势头。截止2013年，我国人身保险市场上共有69家人身保险公司，相比2004年增长了近两倍。在2013年，我国人身保险公司共实现保费收入10741亿元，是2004年的3.4倍。然而随着保险公司之间竞争的加剧以及国内保险市场对外开放的步伐逐步加快，保险经营的风险也在不断增大，个别保险公司已经出现了严重的偿付能力不足。偿付能力是关系保险公司存亡的生命线。2005年，中国人寿等人身保险公司由于偿付能力额度未达法定标准，收到了中国保监会的监管函，这是中国保监会首次因偿付能力问题而向人身保险公司处以监管意见书，，强烈震动了中国保险业界。2012年，幸福人寿等四家人身保险公司的偿付能力充足率未达150%的监管要求，被中国保监会暂停增设公司分支机构，人身保险公司的偿付能力危机重新进入人们的视野。本文尝试以人身保险公司资产规模大小为划分依据，基于我国人身保险公司的经营数据，对大型、中型、小型人身保险公司偿付能力的影响因素进行对比分析，并在此基础上采用主成分分析方法分类评估当前我国人身保险公司的偿付能力状况，为研究我国人身保险公司的偿付能力提供了一个较新的视角。论文不仅有助于建立和完善我国新一代偿付能力监管制度体系，确保保险监管部门更好地开展保险公司偿付能力监督及管理工作；也有助于保险经营机构更加科学地评价自身的偿付能力，避免因偿付能力不足而导致的破产风险。本文内容共分为六个部分：第一部分对论文的研究背景和研究意义进行了概述，并对国内外的研究文献进行了梳理。第二部分是本文的理论基础，主要介绍了偿付能力的含义及其影响因素、偿付能力监管的含义及其模式。第三部分主要对我国人身保险市场的发展概况及人身保险公司的偿付能力现状做了简要分析。第四部分的主要内容是采用灰色关联分析方法对不同资产规模等级的人身保险公司的偿付能力影响因素进行了实证对比分析，实证结果显示：（1）基于大型人身保险公司和小型人身保险公司资产规模的差异，两者的关联度排序几乎是相反的；（2）中型人身保险公司既相对于小型人身保险公司具有资本优势又相对于大型人身保险公司具有内部管理、业务发展的灵活优势，其关联度排序基本表现为大型和小型人身保险公司关联度排序的综合；（3）三种资产规模类型的人身保险公司在关联度排序上也有一些共同点，比如再保险比率在三类人身保险公司的绝对与相对关联度排序中均排名靠后，再保险比率无论在绝对量上还是在变化速率上对偿付能力的影响都较小。第五部分的主要内容是在第四部分的基础上采用主成分分析模型分类评估当前我国人身保险公司的偿付能力状况，结果显示：（1）资产流动能力、盈利能力、资本金水平及资金运用能力对大型人身保险公司偿付能力的影响较大，建议大型人身保险公司应在合理安排资产规模和结构的基础上努力提高盈利能力和投资业务的资金运用能力，从而能持续改善其偿付能力；（2）资本金水平、资产流动能力、盈利能力也是中型人身保险公司偿付能力的主要影响因素，但中型人身保险公司的投资业务规模较小，对改善偿付能力的贡献较弱，建议中型人身保险公司在扩大承保业务规模的同时，积极发展其投资业务；（3）小型人身保险公司的分红险种业务发展较快，使得其偿付能力受红利支出、赔付支出、业务发展能力的影响较大，建议小型人身保险公司合理安排其人身险种结构，努力扩大传统人身保险险种市场份额。根据前文的分析和实证结果，本文第六部分从增强人身保险公司自身实力和健全偿付能力监管制度两个方面对改善我国人身保险公司的偿付能力提出了建议。
[Abstract]:Since the resumption of insurance business in 1980s, China life insurance market maintained a good momentum of development. By the end of 2013, a total of 69 life insurance companies in our country's life insurance market, compared to 2004 increased by nearly two times. In 2013, China's insurance companies achieved a total premium income of 10741 yuan, is 3.4 times in 2004. However, as the competition between the insurance companies and more domestic insurance market opening to speed up the pace, the risk of the insurance business is also increasing, individual insurance companies there have been serious solvency deficiencies.
The relationship between the insurance company solvency is the lifeline of survival.2005, life insurance company China et al due to solvency is not up to the statutory standard, Chinese received CIRC's regulatory letter, this is the first time due to China CIRC solvency problems to the life insurance company to regulatory submissions, the insurance industry China strong shock.2012, happy life and other four life insurance company's solvency adequacy ratio of less than 150% of the regulatory requirements, is China CIRC suspended additional branches, life insurance company's solvency crisis to enter people's vision.
This paper attempts to use the life insurance company asset size of the basis for the division of business data, China's life insurance companies based on large, medium and small factors influence the solvency of life insurance companies are analyzed, and on this basis, using principal component analysis method to evaluate the current classification of China Life Insurance Company solvency ability, provides a new perspective for the research on the solvency of China's life insurance companies. This paper not only contributes to the establishment and improvement of China's new generation of solvency supervision system, ensure that the insurance regulatory authorities to better carry out the insurance company solvency supervision and management; also contributes to the institution of insurance management more scientific evaluation of their solvency, avoid the risk of bankruptcy due to lack of solvency.
This paper is divided into six parts: the first part of the thesis research background and significance of the research are summarized, and the research literatures at home and abroad are reviewed. The second part is the theoretical basis of this paper, mainly introduces the meaning and influence factors of solvency, meaning and solvency regulation mode. The ability of payment the third part of the China life insurance market development and personal insurance companies to do a brief analysis. The main content of the fourth part is the analysis of the factors affecting the solvency of different asset size levels of personal insurance companies for a comparative analysis by using grey correlation, the empirical results show that: (1) the difference of asset size large life insurance companies and small insurance companies based on the ranking of the correlation between the two is almost the opposite; (2) medium-sized life insurance companies is relatively In the small life insurance companies with capital advantage relative to the large insurance company has the advantage of flexible internal management, business development, the relevancy is basically comprehensive large and small insurance companies relevancy; (3) the three types of assets of insurance companies in relevancy there are some common points, such as absolute and relative relevancy in reinsurance ratio in the three life insurance companies in the ranking, the reinsurance ratio both in absolute quantity or rate of change in the impact on solvency are low. The main content of the fifth part is the main component in the basis of the fourth part on the analysis of the classification model to assess the current China Life Insurance Company's solvency, results showed that: (1) the flow of liquidity, profitability, capital levels and capital operation ability of large The solvency of insurance companies is larger, suggests large life insurance companies should improve the profitability of efforts based on the scale and structure of reasonable arrangement of assets and business investment funds, so as to continuously improve its solvency; (2) the level of capital, liquidity, main factors affecting solvency profitability the ability is medium-sized life insurance companies, but smaller and medium-sized investment business of insurance companies, to improve the solvency of the contribution is weak, the proposed medium-sized life insurance companies in the insurance business to expand the scale at the same time, the positive development of the investment business; (3) the rapid development of small life insurance companies participating insurance business. So its dividend payout, the solvency payment expenditure, affect the business development capacity is large, it is recommended that small life insurance companies arrange their personal insurance structure, efforts to expand According to the above analysis and empirical results, the sixth part of the article puts forward suggestions for improving the solvency of China's life insurance companies from two aspects: enhancing the strength of the life insurance companies and improving the solvency supervision system.

【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F842.3

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