论我国政府在农业巨灾风险管理中的职能发挥

发布时间：2018-04-17 04:19

本文选题：农业巨灾 + 风险管理　；参考：《河北经贸大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国地理位置特殊、地形复杂，是世界上自然灾害最严重的国家之一。加上近年来全球气候环境恶化，洪水、干旱、台风和地震等我国巨大自然灾害频发，给农业带来严重损失，威胁到我国农业发展和社会经济的稳定。例如，2008年-2012年，自然灾害共造成农作物受灾面积达18206.3万公顷，农业直接经济损失总计26897.5亿元，平均每年有4.2亿人次受灾。因此，农业巨灾风险管理问题越来越受到社会各界的广泛关注。农业巨灾风险影响范围广、造成的损失严重，单个农户或者农村集体很难应对，加之农业巨灾风险是一种“准公共风险”，需要政府作为强大的后盾。2013年开始实施的《农业保险条例》中明确提出要建立农业大灾风险分散机制，但对于政府在农业巨灾风险管理中应该发挥何种职能并没有明确界定。为了避免政府在农业巨灾风险管理中出现“大包大揽”或者“袖手旁观”的情况，需要根据我国具体国情分析政府在农业巨灾风险管理中的职能发挥问题。本文试图明确界定政府在农业巨灾风险管理中的职能，以期充分发挥市场机制，改善政府的服务职能，并促进二者协调配合，加强对农业巨灾风险管理，维护农业和经济社会的稳定。本文研究的主要内容有：第一，以诸多农业巨灾风险管理相关理论为基础，，以界定农业巨灾风险管理中的政府职能为主要研究内容，从农业巨灾风险属性入手分析得出我国政府非常有必要参与农业巨灾风险管理。第二，对我国当前农业巨灾风险管理现状进行详细描述，分析我国政府在农业巨灾风险管理中的职能发挥现状。第三，通过比较并借鉴国外政府在农业巨灾风险管理中的职能定位，得出我国政府在农业巨灾风险管理中应该是组织者、协调者和引导者的角色。第四，针对目前我国政府在农业巨灾风险管理职能发挥中存在的问题，提出相应的对策建议：如政府要组织农业巨灾风险管理的法律法规建设；设立农业巨灾风险管理局来协调各相关部门工作；充分发挥市场功能建立多层次的农业巨灾风险分散机制；注重非工程性措施在农业巨灾的防灾减灾中的使用等。
[Abstract]:China is one of the most serious natural disasters in the world because of its special geographical location and complex terrain.In recent years, the global climate environment has deteriorated, floods, droughts, typhoons and earthquakes and other huge natural disasters occur frequently in China, which brings serious losses to agriculture and threatens the development of agriculture and the stability of social economy in China.For example, from 2008 to 2012, natural disasters affected 182.063 million hectares of crops, and direct economic losses from agriculture totalled 2.68975 trillion yuan, with an average of 420 million disasters per year.Therefore, agricultural catastrophe risk management has attracted more and more attention from all walks of life.Agricultural catastrophe risk is a kind of "quasi-public risk" because of its wide range of impacts and serious losses, which makes it difficult for individual farmers or rural collectives to cope with it.In 2013, the Agricultural Insurance regulations put forward the establishment of agricultural catastrophe risk dispersion mechanism, but there is no clear definition of what functions the government should play in agricultural catastrophe risk management.In order to avoid the situation of "all-out" or "standing idly by" in the management of agricultural catastrophe risk, it is necessary to analyze the function of government in agricultural catastrophe risk management according to the specific conditions of our country.This paper attempts to clearly define the functions of the government in agricultural catastrophe risk management, in order to give full play to the market mechanism, improve the service function of the government, and promote the coordination between the two to strengthen the management of agricultural catastrophe risk.Maintain agricultural and economic and social stability.The main contents of this paper are as follows: first, based on many theories of agricultural catastrophe risk management, defining the government function in agricultural catastrophe risk management is the main research content.From the analysis of the attribute of agricultural catastrophe risk, it is very necessary for our government to participate in agricultural catastrophe risk management.Secondly, the current situation of agricultural catastrophe risk management in China is described in detail, and the function of our government in agricultural catastrophe risk management is analyzed.Thirdly, by comparing and drawing lessons from the functions of foreign governments in agricultural catastrophe risk management, it is concluded that our government should be the organizer, coordinator and guide in agricultural catastrophe risk management.Fourthly, in view of the problems existing in the function of agricultural catastrophe risk management, the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward: for example, the government should organize the construction of laws and regulations of agricultural catastrophe risk management;Establish agricultural catastrophe risk management bureau to coordinate the work of relevant departments; give full play to market function to establish a multi-level agricultural catastrophe risk dispersal mechanism; pay attention to the use of non-engineering measures in agricultural catastrophe disaster prevention and mitigation.
【学位授予单位】：河北经贸大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D630;F842.66

【引证文献】