我国天气指数保险需求的影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-04-21 11:36

  本文选题：天气指数保险 + 需求的影响因素　； 参考：《东北农业大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,天气指数保险作为创新型农业保险得到了我国的高度重视。2013年3月1日起实施的《农业保险条例》中提到,国家支持发展多种形式农业保险,健全政策性农业保险制度。同时,要求各相关部门建立农业保险相关信息共享机制。这在一定程度上为天气指数保险的设计开放了信息共享机制和资源获取途径。天气指数保险具有数据来源客观,保险合约透明等特点,能够有效解决传统农业保险存在的道德风险与逆向选择的问题,因此引起了社会各界的广泛关注,越来越多的国家和地区开始开发天气指数保险。需求是天气指数保险发展的根本性问题,天气指数保险的产品设计必须反映出农民的期待。天气指数保险能否在我国顺利开展,弄清楚农户的需求是前提,因此,探索影响天气指数保险需求的一系列因素是具有现实意义的。在我国天气指数保险需求的情况还缺乏系统性的研究,因此,本文以需求理论为指导,运用对比分析、定性分析、定量分析等方法,以黑龙江省实地调研数据为依据,对天气指数保险需求的影响因素进行实证研究。本文首先介绍了天气指数保险的内容及相关的研究理论基础。其次,详细分析了我国天气指数保险试点情况——安徽水稻种植天气指数保险。再次,以需求为视角分析了天气指数保险在我国发展的适用性。第四,针对农户需求特点设计调查问卷,收集到黑龙江省5县700个农户的实地调研数据,运用logistic回归模型,分析影响农户天气指数保险需求的因素。结果表明,耕地面积、灾害年间作物减产程度、天气事件与作物产量之间的相关性、农户对保险公司信任度、农户对保险产品价格补贴的需求度与天气指数的需求呈正相关,生产中遭受的风险种类与天气指数保险的需求呈负相关。最后,根据以上分析,分别针对保险公司和政府提出相关对策建议:保险公司方面,一是正确引导农户认知,提升农户信任度;二是提高产品设计的科学性,设计多风险天气指数保险产品;三是科学设计天气指数保险产品,与传统农业保险形成互补;四是提高防灾防损技术服务,保障农业生产。政府政策方面,一是积极培育农户参与机制,发挥农户的参保主体作用;二是将天气指数保险纳入政策性农业保险范畴,提高农户购买率;三是提高农业组织化程度,有效发挥天气指数保险保障效率。本文利用黑龙江省实地调研数据,探究天气指数保险需求的诸多影响因素,深入了解农户的现实需要,为保险条款的制定提供准确依据,在天气指数保险产品设计过程中能够更多地考虑农户的需求因素,为保险合同中的指数评估、保费设定等关键条款的制定提供了一定的借鉴作用。
[Abstract]:In recent years, China attaches great importance to weather index insurance as an innovative agricultural insurance. The regulations on Agricultural Insurance, which came into effect on March 1, 2013, mentioned that the state supports the development of various forms of agricultural insurance. Improve the policy-oriented agricultural insurance system. At the same time, the relevant departments are required to establish agricultural insurance related information sharing mechanism. To some extent, it opens up the information sharing mechanism and access to resources for the design of weather index insurance. Weather index insurance has the characteristics of objective data source and transparent insurance contract, which can effectively solve the problems of moral hazard and adverse selection existing in traditional agricultural insurance. More and more countries and regions begin to develop weather index insurance. Demand is a fundamental problem in the development of weather index insurance, and the product design of weather index insurance must reflect farmers' expectations. Whether weather index insurance can be carried out smoothly in our country, it is a prerequisite to find out the demand of farmers. Therefore, it is of practical significance to explore a series of factors that affect the demand of weather index insurance. There is no systematic research on the demand for weather index insurance in China. Therefore, this paper, guided by the demand theory, uses the methods of comparative analysis, qualitative analysis, quantitative analysis and so on, based on the field investigation data of Heilongjiang Province. This paper makes an empirical study on the influencing factors of weather index insurance demand. This paper first introduces the content of weather index insurance and the related theoretical basis. Secondly, the weather index insurance in Anhui Province is analyzed in detail. Thirdly, the applicability of weather index insurance in China is analyzed from the point of view of demand. Fourthly, according to the characteristics of farmers' demand, the questionnaire is designed, and the data of 700 farmers in 5 counties of Heilongjiang Province are collected. The factors influencing the demand of farmers' weather index insurance are analyzed by using logistic regression model. The results showed that there was a positive correlation between the area of cultivated land, the degree of crop reduction during disasters, the correlation between weather events and crop yield, the degree of farmers' trust in insurance companies, the demand for price subsidies for insurance products, and the demand for weather index. The types of risks suffered in production are negatively correlated with the demand for weather index insurance. Finally, according to the above analysis, the author puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions for the insurance companies and the government: first, to correctly guide farmers' cognition and enhance their trust; second, to improve the scientific nature of product design. Design multi-risk weather index insurance products; third, scientifically design weather index insurance products to complement the traditional agricultural insurance; fourth, improve disaster prevention and loss prevention technology services to ensure agricultural production. In terms of government policies, one is to actively cultivate the mechanism of farmers' participation and play the main role of farmers' participation in the insurance; the other is to bring weather index insurance into the category of policy-oriented agricultural insurance to increase the purchasing rate of farmers; and third, to improve the degree of agricultural organization. Give full play to the efficiency of weather index insurance. Based on the field investigation data of Heilongjiang Province, this paper explores many factors affecting the demand of weather index insurance, deeply understand the actual needs of farmers, and provide an accurate basis for the formulation of insurance clauses. In the process of designing weather index insurance products, more factors of farmers' demand can be taken into account, which provides a reference for the formulation of key clauses such as index evaluation and premium setting in insurance contracts.
【学位授予单位】：东北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F842.66
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本文编号：1782309