我国近海环境污染责任保险研究

发布时间：2018-04-24 17:00

本文选题：近海环境污染责任险 + 必要性　；参考：《广西大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,随着我国石油化工产业、远洋运输业和海洋渔业的快速发展,在增强国家综合实力,提高人民生活水平的同时,也造成了比较严重的海洋环境污染问题。由于长期不当排放,包括无机氮化合物、活性磷酸盐及石油在内的我国近海水域多种污染物均不同程度超标,不但造成了巨额的经济财产损失,更严重威胁着我国沿海地区的生态平衡。目前,海洋环境污染问题已经成为制约我国沿海地区经济社会发展的主要因素之一,引发了人们越来越多的关注。本文首先通过对环境责任保险的发展历史、基本定义、特点及适用性的研究,进一步引出近海环境污染责任保险的相关概念。介绍污染评估与定损的常用方法和非寿险精算模型,引述了新时代我国科学发展的理念。其次,本文通过对我国近海地区生态环境状况及污染现状的描述,说明我国近海生态圈的脆弱性及近海环境污染问题的严重性。进而从行业、社会和保险发展的角度论证我国建立近海环境责任保险的必要性,同时通过责任判定、污染定损和费率厘定三方面验证近海环境责任保险的可行性。再次,本文分析和对比了欧美日等发达国家在环境责任保险领域的具体做法和相关经验教训,解释和说明强制保险和任意保险在适用性方面的差异,结合我国当前的实际情况,针对性提出强制保险与任意保险相结合的新型保险方式。最后综合前文所述,提出近海环境责任保险投保人层级的划分方法,解释不同区域差异费率的制定依据,详细说明强制保险及任意保险的不同适用范围,为我国近海环境责任保险的建立提出可行性建议,并对该险种未来的发展做出合理的预测与展望。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of petrochemical industry, ocean transportation industry and marine fishery in China, the comprehensive strength of the country and the living standard of the people have been enhanced, and at the same time, more serious problems of marine environmental pollution have been caused. As a result of long-term improper discharge, including inorganic nitrogen compounds, active phosphate and petroleum, a variety of pollutants in China's offshore waters have exceeded the standard to varying degrees, which has not only caused a huge loss of economic property, More serious threat to the ecological balance of China's coastal areas. At present, the problem of marine environmental pollution has become one of the main factors restricting the economic and social development of coastal areas in China, which has aroused more and more attention. Firstly, through the study of the development history, basic definition, characteristics and applicability of environmental liability insurance, this paper further leads to the concept of liability insurance for offshore environmental pollution. This paper introduces the common methods of pollution assessment and loss determination and the actuarial model of non-life insurance, and cites the concept of scientific development in China in the new era. Secondly, this paper describes the status of ecological environment and pollution in the coastal areas of China, and explains the fragility of the offshore ecosphere and the seriousness of the pollution problem in the offshore area. From the angle of industry, society and insurance development, this paper proves the necessity of establishing offshore environmental liability insurance in China, and verifies the feasibility of offshore environmental liability insurance through liability determination, pollution damage determination and rate determination. Thirdly, this paper analyzes and compares the specific practices and relevant experiences of developed countries such as Europe, America and Japan in the field of environmental liability insurance, explains and explains the differences in the applicability of compulsory insurance and arbitrary insurance, and combines the current situation of our country. This paper puts forward a new type of insurance that combines compulsory insurance with arbitrary insurance. Finally, by synthesizing the above mentioned, the paper puts forward the classification method of the level of the policy holder of the offshore environmental liability insurance, explains the basis of the different regional difference rates, and explains in detail the different applicable scope of compulsory insurance and arbitrary insurance. This paper puts forward some feasible suggestions for the establishment of offshore environmental liability insurance in China, and makes a reasonable forecast and prospect for the future development of the insurance.
【学位授予单位】：广西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F842.69

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