我国寿险产品结构的区域性差异研究

发布时间：2018-04-25 03:29

本文选题：人寿保险 + 产品结构　；参考：《西南财经大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：自1996年产寿险分业经营以来,寿险业经历了从无到有、从萌芽到成熟的本质性变革。寿险业的发展主要体现在两个方面,一是寿险公司实力不断提升,对社会和谐与国民经济发展的重要作用日益显著；二是寿险产品日益丰富,满足了不同群体的多样化需求。寿险产品从分业经营之前的单一纯保障寿险产品发展到如今,不仅拥有多品种、多期限、多功能的寿险产品结构,同时兼顾保障、储蓄、投资三大功能。多层次的寿险产品不仅为社会提供基础的风险保障,也满足了部分群体的投资理财需求,这些开创性的产品革新,提升了寿险业在金融市场的地位及民众对寿险的认可度,为寿险业的健康发展奠定了坚实基础。寿险产品结构是寿险产品中各类产品保费收入占总保费收入的比重,目前我国寿险产品主要包含四类,即普通寿险、分红险、投连险、万能险。普通险提供纯粹的风险保障,而分红险等则具有较强的投资属性。寿险产品结构一方面可以反映我国消费者的对寿险产品的需求状况,另一方面也能反映我国寿险公司的产品策略。分析这四类险种之间的数量关系,有助于了解我国当前寿险产品的配置情况,在此基础上对未来寿险产品结构调整做出合理规划。寿险产品结构的相关研究一般从国际比较出发,分析欧美等发达国家寿险产品结构及其变迁缘由,通过对比来分析我国寿险产品结构所处的阶段及未来发展目标。针对国内情况的相关研究则主要从时间序列出发,分析不同历史时期的寿险产品结构并提出在这一段时期里寿险产品结构变动的情况及原因。鉴于我国地域广阔、人口众多,不同地区之间的自然环境、经济社会状况等不尽相同,寿险产品结构也呈现出明显的区域差异。目前有少数学者针对寿险业发展的区域差异进行了相关研究,但尚未对寿险产品结构的区域差异进行研究。本文试图针对我国区域间寿险产品结构的差异作出一般性的分析,并通过实证分析解释影响各区域不同寿险产品结构形成的因素,进而对寿险产品结构不合理的地区给出原则上的建议。本文通过以下四个方面来展开相关研究：第一部分：将产品结构理论引入寿险产品结构,保留产品结构理论中产品层次理论与产品组合理论的主体框架,并将寿险业的具体特点融入其中,由此形成一般性的寿险产品结构定义。由于当前国内并无统一定义,因此有必要寿险对寿险产品结构做一个一般性的定义。同时,在基本地域划分的基础上,对各区域寿险产品结构的特征作一般性描述。第二部分：从需求、供给及中介的角度出发,分析上述三类因素对寿险产品结构的影响作用。需求与供给因素是形成寿险产品结构的基本因素,保险中介是消费者与寿险公司之间的桥梁,对寿险产品结构也有一定的影响。针对东中西部三大地区,分析各区域及区域之间的寿险产品结构差异,并在此基础上,从需求、供给两个方面给出寿险产品结构的形成机制。该部分是前文全国性分析的具体化,也是下文区域差异实证分析的准备工作。第三部分：该部分分为两个模块,一是方差分析,将全国分为东中西三大区域,采用各区域内的省市自治区的四大险种结构数据,通过方差分析来检验三大区域的产品结构是否存在显著差异。在三大区域的产品结构存在显著差异的基础上,通过SPSS多元线性回归进一步分析影响各区域寿险产品结构的原因。第四部分：对上文的实证分析结果做出可能的解释,并在此基础上提出缩小区域差异、促进各区域寿险均衡发展的初步建议。本文的创新之处如下：第一,寿险产品结构的相关研究,目前并不多,在有限的研究中,主要有两类,一类是国际间寿险产品结构比较,另一类是国内寿险产品结构的时间序列比较,这两类研究均是将我国寿险业作为一个整体来看待,而没有考虑到各地区之间的寿险产品结构差异。本文从区域的角度出发,着眼点较现有研究更为细致深入。第二,在寿险产品结构的影响因素方面,前人一般从宏观经济因素着手,也有少部分研究从公司微观层面着手。寿险产品结构的形成机制是供需双方互动的结果,而宏观与微观的因素最终仍然是通过影响消费者需求与寿险公司供给而影响产品结构的。因此,本文采用最直接、最本质的需求、供给因素,将全部变量归纳为供给因素与需求因素,并在此基础上讨论两者的互动效应。第三、关于区域差异的研究较少,并且仅停留在简单描述层面,没有可靠地数据作为支撑。本文采用方差分析,通过各地区的详细数据分析给出严谨科学的结论,证明区域间确实存在显著差异。鉴于本人学识及相关信息有限,本文尚有诸多不足之处,主要集中在以下几个方面：第一,本文的截面数据涉及除港澳台之外的31个省市自治区中的28个,由于3个省市自治区的数据无法获得,因此本文无法对全国各地区的寿险产品结构作出全面性的分析。第二,本文选取了可能影响产品结构的7个主要因素,当然还存在其他诸多影响因素,由于某些影响因素无法具体量化,或者无法取得准确数据,因此本文所选取的解释变量不能代表全部影响因素,无法完整解释各区域寿险产品结构差异的原因。以上不足之处还需要进一步的研究和完善,同时也希望各位前辈同仁不舍赐教。
[Abstract]:Since the division of life insurance in 1996, life insurance industry has experienced an essential change from scratch, from germination to maturity. The development of life insurance is mainly embodied in two aspects, one is that the life insurance company has been increasing, and the important role of the social harmony and the development of the national economy is becoming more and more significant; and the two is that life insurance products are increasingly rich and satisfied. With the diversified demand of the same group, the life insurance products have developed from the single pure guarantee life insurance products to the present, not only have the multi variety, multi term, multi-functional life insurance product structure, but also take into account the three functions of security, savings and investment. The multi-level life insurance products are not only the risk guarantee for the social basis, but also the Department. The investment and financial needs of the sub groups, these pioneering product innovations, have promoted the status of the life insurance industry in the financial market and the public recognition of life insurance, laying a solid foundation for the healthy development of the life insurance industry.
The life insurance product structure is the proportion of the premium income of all kinds of products in the life insurance products. At present, there are four kinds of life insurance products in our country, namely, ordinary life insurance, dividend insurance, investment insurance, universal risk, universal risk. The common risk provides a pure risk guarantee, while the bonus insurance has a strong investment property. The structure of life insurance products can be reflected on one side. The demand for the life insurance products of the Chinese consumers, on the other hand, can also reflect the product strategy of our life insurance companies. The analysis of the quantitative relationship between the four types of insurance will help to understand the configuration of the current life insurance products in our country and make a reasonable plan for the structure adjustment of the life insurance products on the basis of this.
The related research on the structure of life insurance products generally starts from the international comparison, analyzes the structure of life insurance products in Europe and America and other developed countries, and analyzes the stages and future development goals of the life insurance product structure in China. The structure of life insurance products and the reasons for the changes in the structure of life insurance products during this period. In view of the vast region, the large population, the natural environment, the economic and social conditions among different regions, the structure of life insurance products also presents obvious regional differences. The regional differences are studied, but the regional differences in the structure of life insurance products have not been studied. This paper tries to make a general analysis on the differences in the structure of the life insurance products in China, and explains the factors that affect the formation of different life insurance products in different regions through empirical analysis, and then the unreasonable structure of life insurance products. The district gives the suggestion in principle.
This article launches the related research through the following four aspects:
The first part: introducing the product structure theory into the life insurance product structure, retaining the main frame of the product hierarchy theory and the product combination theory in the product structure theory, and integrating the specific characteristics of the life insurance industry, thus forming a general definition of the life insurance product structure. Because there is no unified definition at home, it is necessary to live the life insurance to the life. A general definition of the structure of insurance products is made. At the same time, based on the basic geographical division, the characteristics of the structure of life insurance products in different regions are generally described.
The second part: from the perspective of demand, supply and intermediary, this paper analyzes the influence of the above three factors on the structure of life insurance products. The demand and supply factors are the basic factors to form the structure of life insurance products. The insurance intermediary is the bridge between the consumer and the life insurance company and the structure of life insurance products. In the three major areas, the structure difference of life insurance products between regions and regions is analyzed, and on this basis, the formation mechanism of life insurance product structure is given from two aspects of demand and supply. This part is the concrete of the previous national analysis, and is also the preparation of the empirical analysis of the following regional differences.
The third part: this part is divided into two modules. One is the analysis of variance. The whole country is divided into three regions of East and West in East and West, and the data of the four types of insurance structure in the provinces and autonomous regions in each region are used to test the significant difference in the product structure of the three regions by the analysis of variance. There is a significant difference in the product structure of the three major regions. On the basis of SPSS multiple linear regression, we further analyze the factors that affect the structure of life insurance products in different regions.
The fourth part: to make a possible explanation of the results of the empirical analysis above, and on this basis, put forward some preliminary suggestions to reduce regional differences and promote the balanced development of life insurance in various regions.
The innovation of this article is as follows:
First, there are not many related studies on the structure of life insurance products. In the limited research, there are two main types. One is the comparison of the structure of international life insurance products, the other is the time series comparison of the structure of domestic life insurance products. These two kinds of studies all regard China's life insurance industry as a whole, but do not take into account the areas between each region. The structural differences of life insurance products. From the perspective of the region, the focus is more detailed and thorough than the existing ones.
Second, in terms of the factors affecting the structure of life insurance products, the predecessors generally begin with macroeconomic factors, and a few studies start from the micro level of the company. The formation mechanism of life insurance product structure is the result of the interaction between the supply and demand sides, and the macro and micro factors are still influenced by the consumer demand and the life insurance company supply. Therefore, this paper adopts the most direct, most essential demand and supply factors, and sums up all the variables into supply and demand factors, and discusses the interaction effect on this basis.
Third, there are few studies on regional differences, and they only stay on the simple description level and have no reliable data as support. This paper uses variance analysis to give rigorous scientific conclusions through detailed data analysis in various regions, proving that there are significant differences between regions.
In view of my limited knowledge and limited information, there are still many deficiencies in this paper.
First, the section data of this paper involves 28 of the 31 provinces and autonomous regions other than Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan. The data of 3 provinces and autonomous regions can not be obtained. Therefore, this paper can not make a comprehensive analysis of the structure of life insurance products in all regions of the country.
Second, this paper selects 7 main factors that may affect the product structure, and of course there are many other factors. Because some factors can not be quantified, or accurate data can not be obtained, the explanatory variables selected in this paper can not represent all the influence factors and can not fully explain the structural differences of life insurance products in each region. The reason.
The above deficiencies still need further research and improvement, and I hope that your colleagues will not give you any advice.

【学位授予单位】：西南财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F842.62

【参考文献】