中国人身保险市场结构研究

发布时间：2018-05-19 22:21

本文选题：人身保险 + 市场结构　；参考：《西南财经大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：改革开放30多年,随着居民收入水平的提高和消费结构的变化,中国人身保险得以快速发展,人身保险市场的保费规模在2010年位居全球第五,发展速度开创了世界保险史的一大奇迹。但近两年我国人身保险市场的发展不仅减缓,部分年度甚至出现了负增长,行业处于一个转型升级期,亟待对人身保险业的发展问题进行思考和探索。首先,从市场集中度来看。我国人身保险市场的集中度过高,市场竞争程度较低,寡头或垄断的现象对行业市场的发展有着严重桎梏。同时,广袤的地域差异上各地区集中度发展程度差异明显,监管难以对整个市场进行统一调控,无论从实施难度上还是从实施效果上都不会理想。其次,从市场背景来看。经济发展程度的提高与保险市场的发展有着明显的关联性,但在我国居民生活水平不断提高的同时,保险市场的发展却跟不上进步的节奏。保险消费的密度和深度依然较低,保险市场也处于“从购买需求上是买方市场,从产品提供上是卖方市场”的矛盾境地。在近两年的发展中,人身保险市场更是在保费收入环比下降的基础之上,暴露出了许多的问题。最后,从市场结构来看。历经三十多年的恢复经营与十多年的快速发展,我国人身保险市场以粗放式发展模式,对整个市场的建设有着直观的影响。保险公司以业务规模以及市场份额为导向进行的发展,在飞速发展的人身保险业的数字指标下,也造成了许多的隐患和弊端。从而市场内经营主体、业务渠道、保险产品等结构组成部分,都在粗放式的影响下有着明显结构失衡和本质偏离。本文运用理论研究、比较研究、历史研究相结合的方法,基于市场结构与市场集中度的概念,运用SCP分析模型对我国人身保险市场的市场结构进行了一定程度的分析研究。首先在理论上确立了行业市场结构与市场集中度作为衡量我国人身保险市场现状的指标,再运用SCP的分析模型结构对我国人身保险市场发展进行分析。然后根据市场结构和集中度的指标对人身保险市场的情况进行了数据的搜集和整理,并总结了目前所存在的问题。随后同样利用SCP分析模型,根据我国人身保险市场目前所存在的问题进行了原因分析。最后总结上文提出了相应优化发展建议。研究内容按照我国人身保险市场的现状,根据市场分析方法以发展背景—发展现状—产生原因—解决建议的逻辑顺序分为四个章节。第一章主要讲述我国人身保险市场的发展历程以及本文的理论支持。借鉴参考文献,本文将我国人身保险市场的发展历程分为四个阶段：初期发展阶段、个人寿险业务的起步和快速发展阶段、市场体系的初步构建阶段以及调整发展和转型阶段。四个阶段的人身保险市场体现了不同的特点,其市场结构内容(经营主体、渠道、产品)也在章节中有所总结。第二节部分对本文的理论支持加以了介绍,主要内容包括本文的SCP分析模型、市场结构概念以及市场集中度指标概念与测算方法。SCP模型作为本文研究主要分析模型框架,贯穿始终,在本文的逻辑结构搭建中都采用此分析方法；市场结构及集中度概念为本文数据分析支撑的界定与指标,是本文的参考基础。第二章对我国人身保险市场结构的现状进行了介绍,分为我国总体人身保险市场结构现状以及地域化人身保险市场结构两个方面。根据对我国总体人身保险市场结构的数据分析所呈现的现状,整理得出行业市场结构出现的失衡状态以及各地域市场集中度不同两个情况。于是本文根据市场集中度不同梯度指标选取了市场结构类型的三个地域市场进行了具体的分析,包括了上海、湖北、贵州三地地区的经济背景、市场集中度以及市场结构指标。并在第二章最后对人身保险市场结构的总体问题及地域化差异问题进行了小结,为后续两章作了铺垫。第三章主要分析了我国人身保险市场结构现状产生的原因,主要从市场结构的三个方面进行分述：市场环境、经营主体行为以及市场产品。在市场环境层面,主要提及到的原因包括市场经济发展差异、市场保险意识差异；在经营主体的市场行为方面,主要在于经营主体以业务规模与保费市场份额为导向的竞争策略所产生的影响,以及在此基础上所造成的业务种类结构失衡的现象；在市场产品层面的原因,主要提到了产品种类结构失衡这一现象,其主要具象化表现在于供给的导向型与产品短期行为以及产品设计投放偏向。第四章主要针对前面三张所作的背景铺垫、理论介绍、现状分析、原因分析的基础之上,作出了对我国人身保险市场目前的优化发展建议,也是按照SCP分析模型以及市场结构、市场集中度的模式进行分类阐述。其内容主要包括：降低市场集中度、规范市场环境、调整产品结构、优化业务渠道以及针对我国人身保险市场存在的地域化差异问题提出的应对方案。本文可能的创新有以下几点： (1)研究角度的创新。国内现有关于人身保险市场的研究,多从市场的供给方、监管、产品以及中介方面进行,对整个市场结构体系的整体研究并没有很多。本文尝试利用SCP分析模型对行业市场结构的研究方法,进行对整个市场的供需及渠道、背景各个方面进行了一定程度的分析。 (2)分析模型的创新。SCP分析模型作为行业市场结构的分析框架,适用于各个行业,但本文认为其适用度高的同时专业性便有一定程度的弱化。本文将SCP原有模型框架进行了修改和调整,以求适用于我国人身保险市场,能够尽大程度地体现市场结构的发展现状,并结合问题及原因提出有效的优化发展的建议。 (3)研究内容的创新。国内针对我国人身保险市场的研究,主要从整个宏观市场进行分析和整理,或者仅针对于某个省份进行研究。本文在对我国人身保险市场发展历史和现状的过后,引入市场集中度的理论,将各个省市地区的集中度进行了梯度化。在此基础上,提出了人身保险市场结构的地域化差异概念,分析集中度处于各梯度下的代表性地区的市场情况,作为我国人身保险市场发展现状的一个佐证。
[Abstract]:After the reform and opening - up for more than 30 years , with the improvement of the income level and the change of consumption structure , China ' s personal insurance has been rapidly developed , the insurance premium scale of the personal insurance market has opened up a miracle of the world insurance history in 2010 . But in recent two years , the development of personal insurance market has not only slowed down , but some years have even appeared negative growth , and the industry is in a transition and upgrade period , and it is urgent to think about and explore the development of personal insurance industry .

First , from the market concentration degree , the concentration of personal insurance market in our country is high , the market competition is low , oligopolistic or monopoly phenomenon has serious shackles to the development of the industry market . At the same time , there is a clear difference in the degree of concentration development in different regions in the vast geographical difference , and it is difficult to regulate and regulate the whole market .

Secondly , from the market background , the improvement of the economic development is related to the development of the insurance market , but at the same time , the development of insurance market can ' t keep pace with the pace of progress .

Finally , from the market structure , after more than 30 years of recovery operation and rapid development for more than ten years , the personal insurance market of our country has an intuitive influence on the construction of the whole market .

Based on the concept of market structure and market concentration , this paper analyzes the market structure of our country ' s personal insurance market based on the concept of market structure and market concentration .

According to the present situation of the personal insurance market in our country , according to the market analysis method to develop the background - development status quo - generating reason - solving the logic sequence of the suggestion is divided into four chapters .

Chapter One focuses on the development course of personal insurance market in China and the theoretical support in this paper . In this paper , the development course of personal insurance market in China is divided into four stages : initial stage of development , initial stage of personal life insurance business , stage of rapid development , initial construction stage of market system and adjustment and development and transformation stage .
The concept of market structure and concentration is the definition and index of data analysis support in this paper , which is the reference basis of this paper .

The second chapter introduces the present situation of the personal insurance market structure of our country , which is divided into two aspects : the present situation of the general personal insurance market structure and the structure of the regionalized personal insurance market . According to the present situation of the analysis of the market structure of the general personal insurance market in China , the paper concludes that the unbalanced state of the market structure and the concentration degree of each region are different . In the second chapter , the author selects three regional markets of the market structure type , including the economic background , the market concentration and the market structure index .

The third chapter mainly analyzes the causes of the present situation of personal insurance market structure in our country , which mainly includes three aspects of market structure : market environment , business subject behavior and market product .
In the aspect of the market behavior of the operating subject , it is mainly about the influence of the operating subject on the competition strategy based on the market share of the premium and the market share of the premium , as well as the phenomenon of the imbalance of the type structure of the business .
At the product level of the market , the phenomenon of structural imbalance of the product category is mainly mentioned , and its main objectification is that the supply is biased towards the short - term behavior of the product and product design .

The fourth chapter mainly focuses on the background spreading , theoretical introduction , present situation analysis and reason analysis of the previous three , and makes the suggestions for the current optimization and development of the personal insurance market in China . It also includes the following : lowering the concentration of the market , regulating the market environment , adjusting the product structure , optimizing the business channel and aiming at the problem of regional differences existing in the personal insurance market of our country .

Possible innovations in this article are as follows :

( 1 ) The research on the research angle has not been carried out from the market supply , supervision , product and intermediary .

( 2 ) The innovation of the analytical model . The SCP analysis model is used as the analysis frame of the industry market structure , which is applicable to all industries , but this paper considers that the applicability of the SCP has some degree of weakening while its application is high . In this paper , the original model frame of SCP is modified and adjusted so as to be suitable for the personal insurance market of our country , which can reflect the development of the market structure to a great extent , and put forward the suggestion of effective optimization development in combination with the problems and reasons .

( 3 ) To study the innovation of the content . The domestic research on the personal insurance market in China is mainly analyzed and collated from the whole macro market , or only for a province . After the development history and the present situation of the personal insurance market in our country , the concentration degree of each province and city is graded . On this basis , the author puts forward the concept of regional difference of the structure of personal insurance market , analyzes the market situation of the representative area under each gradient , and serves as a supporting evidence for the development of personal insurance market in our country .
【学位授予单位】：西南财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F842.62

【参考文献】

中国期刊全文数据库前10条

1 卓宇;试用消费函数理论分析我国的保险产品消费[J];北京工商大学学报(社会科学版);2004年03期

2 卓志;我国人寿保险需求的实证分析[J];保险研究;2001年05期

3 林涌;我国保险业的结构性矛盾和结构性调整[J];保险研究;2003年03期

4 刘超;陈秉正;;我国人身保险市场结构变化与预测分析[J];保险研究;2011年09期

5 苏莉,苏莹;利率市场化对我国寿险公司的影响[J];南方金融;2003年11期

6 张金林;;中国人身保险市场发展的国内环境透视[J];管理世界;2005年06期

7 张冲;;中国人口结构对人身保险市场发展的影响研究[J];保险研究;2013年04期

8 赵青山,冯方遒;谈谈我国人身保险市场的现状和发展趋势[J];保险研究;1995年01期

9 张增福;曲折的历程辉煌的成就[J];财金贸易;1999年06期

10 李艳荣;我国区际寿险需求的实证分析[J];上海经济研究;2005年10期