出口信用保险在规避外贸企业风险中的运用研究

发布时间：2018-06-04 03:12

本文选题：保险费率 + 贸易风险　；参考：《安徽大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：出口信用保险从概念上来讲,它是一种政策性的保险业务,不是以盈利为目的的,国家政府财政给出口信用保险给予了很大的支持,为出口信用保险设立了专门了保险准备金,在出口贸易等国际贸易活动过程中为企业规避风险和融资支持。它是一个非常重要的经济领域,这个领域里国际贸易与国际金融交叉在一起,它能够规避外贸企业在国际经济贸易过程中可能面临的风险,开拓全球市场。我国出口信用保险虽然起步比较晚,然而在许多年的发展,它的职能渐渐完善,逐渐显现它对出口贸易的作用效果。我们在总结以往实践经历基础上,得出虽然我国出口信用保险业务有了很大提升,但是,如果一和发达国家比的话,差距立刻显了出来。在现在的国际经济境况下,在西欧国家,出口信用保险渗透率大概为20%、25%,其中有些国家像法国为34%,有着很高的渗透率。在中国的话,仅仅只有10%,投保的企业竟然还不到出口企业的8%,这种不正常的情况,和我国每年快速增长的国际贸易形式形成强烈的反差。为了使出口信用保险能够更好地规避风险,进一步推进我国的出口贸易,充分体现其政策性,还有相当长的一段路要走,因此对出口信用保险规避外贸企业风险的研究就很有现实意义。本文以出口信用保险规避外贸风险为主题,采用文献研究法和案例分析法相结合的方法进行研究。首先是对出口信用保险的概念界定,阐述了信用的定义,讲述其定义、特点以及它的种类。然后介绍它在我国的发展情况,同时对一些主要国家出口信用保险的情况进行简单地介绍。之后详细叙述我国出口企业利用出口信用保险可规避风险种类,包括政治风险和商业风险,并在此基础上,运用案例分析法阐述出口信用保险在规避风险促进贸易方面的数据表现和实际运用。再然后,分析我国出口企业利用信保来规避风险的运用情况,是本论文的重点,从规避收汇风险、汇率风险、资金风险、经营风险和建立预警机制等方面详细地分析。之后对我国运用出口信用保险规避风险时存在的问题进行了分析,主要将问题分析为：不规范的经营和管理体质；我国出口信用保险费率偏高、承保方式不灵活；我国出口企业风险防范意识薄弱,投保意识差；法律不健全,并同时附上本文作者在安徽省天羽羽绒公司管理调研的实际情况。最后为更好地发挥出口信用保险规避风险的最用,从企业、出口信用保险机构及出口企业三个方面提出相关对策。分析为政府方面：政府构建信息共享平台,如建设和完善信息平台畅通信息渠道；加强我国出口信用保险的体制建设；让我国政府更好地扶助出口信保。而对于出口信用保险机构的话,可以通过建立信保经营、管理机制,降低费率,承保方式灵活化,简化手续,降低成本,引导企业经营。出口企业方面降低投保成本,增强信用风险管理意识,通过利用出口商协会,共同防范出口信用风险,之后又从扩大出口信用保险的服务网站,加强银保合作,提升保险融资能力方面提升出口信用保险的服务功能。出口信用保险业务在我国已经开展很多年了,在促进我国经济贸易发展方面一直扮演着很重要的角色,在经过多年之后,我国出口信用保险业务得到了发展,但是一旦和发达国际比较的话,问题是存在着的,比较劣势仍然是存在着的,其承保规模较低。这也让我们看到出口信用保险在我国还是很有发展前景的,发展潜力还是比较大的。如何运用信保规避风险,为国际贸易铺平道路,是我们面临地主要现实问题。本文着眼于出口信用保险的规避风险功能,结合我国部分企业贸易实际,提出问题并解决问题。
[Abstract]:In concept, export credit insurance is a policy insurance business, not for the purpose of profit. The national government finance gives great support to export credit insurance. It sets up special insurance reserve for export credit insurance. It avoids risk and financing for enterprises in the process of export trade and other international trade activities. It is a very important economic field. In this field, international trade and international finance are intersecting together. It can avoid the risks that foreign trade enterprises may face in the process of international economic and trade, and open up the global market. Although China's export credit insurance is relatively late, its function is gradually improved in many years. The effect of its effect on export trade is gradually revealed. On the basis of the previous experience, we have concluded that although China's export credit insurance business has been greatly improved, the gap is immediately apparent if one is compared with the developed countries. In the current international economic situation, the penetration of export credit insurance in Western European countries is likely to be permeable. For 20%, 25%, some countries like France are 34%, with a high permeability. In China, only 10%, the insured enterprises are not yet 8% of the export enterprises. This abnormal situation forms a strong contrast with our country's rapid growth of international trade every year. In order to make the export credit insurance better avoid the risk. To further promote China's export trade and fully reflect its policy, there is still a long way to go. Therefore, the study of export credit insurance to avoid the risk of foreign trade enterprises is of great practical significance.
This article takes export credit insurance to avoid foreign trade risk as the theme, uses the method of combining literature research and case analysis. First, it defines the concept of export credit insurance, expounds the definition of credit, describes its definition, characteristics and its types. Then it introduces its development in China, and at the same time to some main points. The situation of the national export credit insurance is briefly introduced. After that, this paper describes in detail the types of risk avoidance of export credit insurance in China's export enterprises, including the political and commercial risks, and on this basis, the case analysis method is used to explain the data performance and practical application of export credit insurance in avoiding wind insurance and promoting trade. Then, it analyzes the use of credit insurance to avoid risks in China's export enterprises. It is the key point of this paper. It analyzes in detail from the aspects of avoiding foreign exchange rate, exchange rate risk, capital risk, operating risk and establishing early warning mechanism, and then analyzes the problems in the use of export credit insurance to avoid risks in China, which will be mainly analyzed. The problems are as follows: the unstandardized management and management of the constitution; the high rate of export credit insurance in China is high and the way of underwriting is inflexible; the risk prevention awareness of China's export enterprises is weak, the awareness of insurance is poor, the law is not sound, and the actual situation of the author's research on the management of the Tianyu down company in Anhui province is also attached. The use of volatile export credit insurance to avoid risk is the most useful, from three aspects of enterprises, export credit insurance institutions and export enterprises to put forward relevant countermeasures. Analysis for the government: the government to build information sharing platform, such as construction and improvement of information platform unblocked information channels; strengthen the system construction of China's export credit insurance; let the government better. In order to help export credit insurance, for export credit insurance institutions, we can prevent the export of credit insurance through the establishment of credit insurance management, management mechanism, reducing the rate, the flexibility of the underwriting mode, simplifying the formalities, reducing the cost, guiding the business operation, reducing the cost of insurance and strengthening the management consciousness of credit risk, and jointly preventing the export by using the exporter's Association. After the credit risk, the service function of export credit insurance is enhanced by strengthening the service website of export credit insurance, strengthening the cooperation of silver insurance and improving the ability of insurance financing.
Export credit insurance has been carried out for many years in China, and has been playing an important role in promoting the development of China's economic and trade. After years, China's export credit insurance business has been developed, but once compared with developed international, the problem is existing, and the comparative disadvantage is still existing. It also makes us see that the export credit insurance is still very promising in our country, and the potential of development is still relatively large. How to use credit insurance to avoid risk and pave the way for international trade is the main practical problem we face. This article focuses on the risk avoidance function of export credit insurance and combines some of our enterprises. Trade is practical, questions are raised and problems are solved.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F842.682;F752.62;F272.3

【参考文献】