我国交强险市场对外资险企开放的影响研究

发布时间：2018-07-01 15:01

本文选题：交强险 + 市场开放　；参考：《西南财经大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：机动车交通事故责任强制保险是指由保险公司对被保险机动车发生道路交通事故造成本车人员、被保险人以外的受害人的人身伤亡、财产损失,在责任限额内予以赔偿的强制性责任保险,又简称为交强险。随着机动车的普及、交通事故频发,自20世纪初期以来各国先后将机动车责任保险纳入强制保险范畴,通过国家法律保障该险种的强制实行。我国于2006年7月1日在全国范围内正式建立交强险制度,该制度的实行对保护公众利益、构建和谐社会有深刻的意义。车险业务一直以来都是产险公司保费收入、承保利润的主要来源,占据我国产险市场业务收入的76%左右。然而,根据2001年11月10日签订的《中华人民共和国服务贸易具体承诺减让表》的规定,外资保险公司(以下简称为外资险企)不允许经营包括汽车第三者责任险等在内的法定保险业务。外资险企在交强险经营上受到限制导致其在商业车险的销售上受到影响,所以部分外资保险公司在经营商业车险时不得不选择与中资保险公司合作。这种经营模式增加了外资险企的销售成本,限制了其发展空间,不利于良性竞争的有序进行。相较来看,在德国、美国等发达国家的保险市场上,无论是本土公司还是外资公司,只要是具备相应条件的保险公司都可经营机动车强制保险。在市场竞争机制作用下,各家公司可以根据自身风险管理水平制定相应竞争策略,为消费者提供高质量、全方位的保险服务。 2012年2月,中美两国政府发布《关于加强中美经济关系的联合情况说明》,我国决定对外资险企开放交强险市场。修改后的《机动车交通事故责任强制保险条例》于5月1日正式生效,这标志着外资险企正式进军我国交强险市场。目前,美亚财险、利宝保险、三星财险、安联财险、中航安盟、现代财险等几家外资险企已获得保监会的交强险经营批复,具备了该险种承保资格。其中,利宝保险公司于2012年10月卖出第一份交强险保单,成为第一家经营交强险的外资保险公司。面对这样的市场变化,社会各界对于向外资险企开放交强险业务会给我国车险市场带来怎样的影响,反响不一。正是基于这样的背景,本文在对交强险制度各个发展阶段进行介绍后,以理论分析和案例分析相结合的方式,研究交强险市场对外资险企开放会给我国保险市场带来何种影响。全文由六个部分构成,基本思路和结构安排如下：第一部分是前言,主要介绍了本文的研究意义和研究目的、研究方法、基本思路与结构安排、文章创新之处及不足之处等。第二部分开始为文章主体部分,介绍了我国交强险的发展历程,将我国交强险的发展历史分为三个阶段,第一个阶段为交强险初创阶段,这一部分着重介绍了我国交强险制度的建设背景、特色以及存在问题；第二个阶段为交强险的改革阶段,根据交强险已有的经营经验,对经营中出现的问题进行改进；第三个阶段为交强险对外开放阶段,介绍了交强险制度变化及目前外资险企在交强险市场上的表现。第三部分主要分析了交强险市场政策变化的原因,并对发达国家及地区机动车强制保险市场开放的经验进行介绍。首先,从交强险性质、功能,服务贸易保护制度等方面,探讨我国从禁止外资险企经营交强险到取消该政策限制的内在原因。随后,对香港、美国等国家和地区机动车强制保险市场的开放经验进行介绍,并探讨各国经验对我国交强险开放的启示。第四部分通过案例分析,介绍外资险企在我国车险市场的表现,并分析外资险企的经营优势。文章以利宝保险公司为例,通过对利宝保险在商业车险经营业绩、优势和弱点的介绍,分析其在交强险尚未对外资险企开放的背景下,仍能够在商业车险经营上表现优秀的原因。最后对交强险市场开放对利宝保险公司的可能影响进行简要分析。第五部分根据外资险企在车险市场的表现、我国保险市场对外开放带来的机遇和挑战等方面,研究交强险市场的开放将给我国产险公司、车险产品消费者以及车险市场监管部门带来何种积极或消极的影响。具体影响包括市场竞争、产品创新、服务升级以及监管压力等多个方面。最后一部分将对本文所探讨的问题做简要的陈述及总结。本文的主要创新之处在于以下三个方面：首先,选题上的创新,关于交强险的研究文献大致分为两类,一类是对我国交强险开展以来发展状况、存在问题及制度完善的讨论；另一类是关于各国机动车强制保险制度的研究以及对我国交强险市场借鉴意义的分析。而本文在结合以上两种研究成果的基础上,及我国交强险市场正式向外资保险公司开放的背景下,着重探讨交强险市场开放后对我国车险市场将造成何种影响。选题切合实际,具有一定的现实意义。其次,研究方法上的创新,本文在关于交强险对外开放对我国车险市场影响分析上,选择以理论分析与案例分析相结合的方式,与以往研究相比本文理论更加全面,结论更加客观。此外,研究结果上的创新,以往的研究成果主要论证了外资险企在经营模式、服务水平等方面的优势,以及其给我国保险市场带来的积极影响。而本文除了探讨外资险企的优势之外,结合其给我国保险市场带来的冲击等方面,对此次交强险市场开放面临的挑战也进行了深入的研究。以客观、公正的角度,全面、辩证的探讨此问题。
[Abstract]:The compulsory insurance of vehicle traffic accident liability refers to the compulsory liability insurance which is caused by the insurance company, which is caused by the road traffic accident of the insured vehicle, the injured person other than the insured, the loss of property, the compensation in the limit of liability, and also referred to as the insurance for short, with the popularity of the motor vehicle, traffic accident. Frequent occurrence, since the early twentieth Century, the motor vehicle liability insurance has been incorporated into the compulsory insurance category, and the compulsory implementation of the insurance is guaranteed through the national law. In July 1, 2006, China formally established the system of strong insurance in the whole country. The implementation of this system is of profound significance to the protection of the public interest and the construction of a harmonious society.
The auto insurance business has always been the premium income of the insurance company, the main source of the underwriting profit, which accounts for about 76% of the income of our country's production market. However, the foreign insurance company (hereinafter referred to as the foreign investment insurance) is not allowed to operate in accordance with the provisions of the specific promise of service trade in People's Republic of China, which was signed in November 10, 2001. The legal insurance business including the liability insurance of the third party of the automobile. The restrictions on the operation of the foreign capital insurance companies are affected by the sale of the commercial insurance, so some foreign insurance companies have to cooperate with the Chinese insurance companies in the operation of commercial insurance. This model increases the sales of foreign capital insurance companies. In comparison with the insurance market in developed countries such as Germany and the United States, as long as the insurance companies with corresponding conditions can operate motor vehicle strong insurance in the insurance market of developed countries such as Germany, the United States and other developed countries. According to their own risk management level, formulate corresponding competitive strategies to provide consumers with high quality, comprehensive insurance services.
In February 2012, the government of China and the United States issued a "joint statement on strengthening the economic relations between China and the United States." China decided to open the market of foreign capital insurance to strong risk. The revised "compulsory insurance regulations for motor vehicle accidents" entered into force in May 1st, which marks a positive entry into China's strong risk market. Lepo insurance, Samsung financial insurance, Allianz financial insurance, China aviation security alliance, modern financial insurance, and other foreign investment insurance companies have been approved by the Insurance Regulatory Commission, and have the insurance qualification. Among them, Lebao insurance company sold the first insurance policy in October 2012 and became the first foreign insurance company to deal with the insurance. The impact of market changes and the opening of compulsory insurance business to foreign insurance companies on China's automobile insurance market will be mixed.
Based on this background, this paper, after introducing the various development stages of the system, combines theoretical analysis and case analysis to study the impact of the open meeting of foreign investment insurance on the insurance market in China. The full text is made up of six parts, and the basic ideas and structural arrangements are as follows:
The first part is the preface, which mainly introduces the significance and purpose of the research, the research method, the basic idea and the structure arrangement, the innovation and the inadequacies of the article.
The second part, beginning with the main part of the article, introduces the development course of China's strong insurance, and divides the history of China's strong insurance into three stages. The first stage is the initial stage of high risk insurance. This part mainly introduces the construction background, characteristics and problems of China's strong insurance system, and the second stage is the reform of strong insurance. At the stage, the existing problems in the operation are improved on the basis of the existing experience in the operation of strong insurance. The third stage is the opening stage of the strong insurance policy, introducing the changes in the system of strong insurance and the performance of the current foreign investment risks in the market.
The third part mainly analyzes the reasons for the changes in the market policy of the high risk insurance, and introduces the experience of the opening of the motor vehicle compulsory insurance market in the developed countries and regions. First, from the aspects of the nature, function, and service trade protection system of the strong insurance, this paper discusses the inherent origin of our country from the prohibition of foreign investment risks to the cancellation of the policy restrictions. After that, the opening experience of the motor vehicle compulsory insurance market in Hongkong, the United States and other countries is introduced, and the Enlightenment of the experience of various countries on the opening of China's strong insurance is also discussed.
The fourth part, through the case analysis, introduces the performance of foreign insurance companies in China's car insurance market and analyzes the advantages of foreign venture enterprises. This article, taking LeiBao insurance company as an example, analyzes the advantages and weaknesses of LeiBao insurance in commercial vehicle insurance, and analyzes that it is still able to be in the background of the opening of foreign investment insurance. The reasons for the excellent performance of commercial vehicle insurance are analyzed. Finally, the possible impact of the opening of compulsory insurance market on the insurance company is briefly analyzed.
The fifth part, according to the performance of the foreign capital insurance market in the car insurance market, the opportunities and challenges of the opening of the insurance market in China, studies the positive or elimination effect of the opening of the strong risk market to the domestic risk companies, the consumer products and the supervision departments of the car insurance market. Innovation, service upgrading and regulatory pressure.
The last part will give a brief statement and summary of the problems discussed in this paper.
The main innovation of this article lies in the following three aspects: first, the innovation of the topic is divided into two categories, one is the development situation, the existing problems and the perfection of the system since the development of China's strong insurance; the other is about the research on the compulsory insurance system for motor cars in various countries and the exchange of China's compulsory insurance system. On the basis of combining the above two research results, and on the background of the opening of China's strong insurance market to foreign insurance companies, this paper focuses on the impact of the opening of the strong insurance market on China's car insurance market. The topic is practical and has some practical significance. Secondly, the study is of practical significance. In the method of innovation, this paper, on the analysis of the impact of the opening of the insurance policy on China's car insurance market, chooses a combination of theoretical analysis and case analysis, which is more comprehensive and more objective compared with the previous research. In addition, the innovation of the research results and the previous research results mainly demonstrate that foreign investment risks are in the course of the study. In addition to the advantages of foreign capital insurance and the impact on the insurance market in China, this paper makes an in-depth study on the challenges facing the opening of the market. The question is discussed dialectically.
【学位授予单位】：西南财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F842.63

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