新版机动车商业车险费率改革效应分析

发布时间：2018-07-05 18:28

本文选题：商业车险 + 费率改革　；参考：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：自2015年6月1日开始,新版机动车商业车险费率改革率先在山东、黑龙江、广西、陕西、青岛、重庆6个省市进行试点。2016年1月1日,中国保监会将天津、内蒙古、吉林、安徽、广西、河南、湖北、湖南、四川、青海、宁夏、新疆12个地区纳入机动车商业车险改革范畴,改革从原有的6个地区扩展到现在18个试点地区。由于前两批改革试点工作取得了较好成效,自2016年7月1日起机动车商业车险费率改革在全国范围内推广。应该说,机动车商业车险费率改革是车险经营发展到一定阶段的产物,对保险公司的经营管理和可持续发展起着至关重要的作用。在旧版商业车险费率及条款体系下,随着车险业务的快速发展,原有的条款费率制度弊端开始显现。一是从行业监管角度看,监管部门、行业协会和保险公司三者之间职责划分不清晰,监管的重点和方向发生偏离。保险公司自主选择使用A、B、C三款条款费率,但毕竟条款费率是由中国保险行业协会制定报保监会审批,条款费率与各家保险公司的发展实际存在较大差异,保险公司作为经营保险产品的主体,没有产品和价格的制定权,在一定程度上造成了经营与市场脱钩,更为重要的是在涉及保险纠纷的时候,由于对条款理解的偏差造成赔偿责任划分不清晰。而监管部门由于是政策的制定者,更多地把精力放在对保险条款和保险费率的"刚性"监管上来,保险与监管之间很容易产生矛盾;二是从保险公司角度看,粗放式管理不利于行业的发展。保险公司使用统一的条款费率,无法根据市场变化和自身经营实际制定产品和价格,造成了各家保险公司缺乏创新的内在动力,提供的产品和服务同质化严重,逼迫保险公司只能通过价格战等粗放的恶性竞争手段来提升自身市场份额。在此过程中,很少有保险公司从自身内在发展的角度去反思,而更多地是从恶劣市场环境等外部寻找原因,使整个行业陷入价格战等粗放式竞争怪圈;三是从消费者角度看,原有的条款费率制度已经远远不能满足公众的需求。从各家保险公司的投诉分析来看,由于消费者维权意识和法律观念增强,车险投诉、纠纷大量增加,其中有很大一部分投诉与条款有关,"高保低赔"、"无责不赔"等问题越来越严重。本次商业车险费率改革重点遵循坚持市场化方向、保护消费者合法权益两大原则。通俗的说,商业车险费率改革的本质是把商业车险的产品定价权交给保险公司,把产品的选择权交给消费者,是财险行业车险经营的又一重大进程。可以说,无论从市场监管的角度还是行业自身发展的角度来讲,商业车险改革都是未来财险公司经营管理过程中遇到的最大的不确定性因素,市场竞争过程中"马太效应"会逐渐显现,最终市场可能出现两极分化,优于市场竞争者胜出,劣于市场者淘汰出局。所以,财险公司在商业车险费率改革前后的决策直接影响到公司的经营。论文共分为四个部分:第一部分重点结合我国机动车商业车险费率改革的演进过程分析新版机动车商业车险费率改革是历史发展的必然,同时国外先进国家车险改革为新版机动车车险费率改革提供了经验,更为重要的是旧版制度下我国车险目前经营现状所带来的问题急需改革深化来解决;第二部分从条款和费率两个方面详细分析了费率改革的主要内容,并从行业转型、发挥社会管理职能、消费者权益保费三个方面提出了改革的意义;第三部分结合山东地区,重点分析商业车险费率改革后的影响,特别对监管变化、市场变化、财险公司经营策略变化以及客户选择的变化进行了深度剖析;第四部分在前期分析的基础上提出了财险公司应对商业车险费率改革的应对策略。应该说,本文结合山东地区商业车险费率改革实际,具有较强的可操作性。
[Abstract]:Since June 1, 2015, the new motor vehicle commercial vehicle insurance rate reform took the lead in the trial of 6 provinces and cities in Shandong, Heilongjiang, Guangxi, Shaanxi, Qingdao, Chongqing, in January 1st.2016. The China Insurance Regulatory Commission took Tianjin, Inner Mongolia, Jilin, Anhui, Guangxi, Henan, Henan, Chongqing, Qingdao, etc. into motor vehicle insurance In the category of reform, the reform has expanded from the original 6 regions to the present 18 pilot areas. The reform of motor vehicle commercial vehicle insurance rate has been popularized throughout the country since the first two batch of reform pilot works. It should be said that the conversion of motor vehicle commercial vehicle insurance rates is the product of the development of vehicle insurance to a certain stage. It plays a vital role in the management and sustainable development of insurance companies. Under the old commercial vehicle insurance rate and clause system, with the rapid development of car insurance business, the defects of the original clause rate system begin to appear. One is from the perspective of industry supervision, the division of duties between the three parties of the regulatory department, industry association and insurance company. It is not clear that the focus and direction of supervision deviate. Insurance companies choose to use the A, B, C three clause rates independently, but after all, the terms and fees are examined and approved by the China Insurance Industry Association, the premium rate is different from the actual development of the insurance companies. The insurance company is the main body of the insurance products, and the insurance company has no production. To a certain extent, the formulation of goods and prices has caused the decoupling of the business and the market. It is more important that in the case of insurance disputes, the division of compensation liability is not clear due to the deviation of the terms of understanding. And the regulatory authorities, because of the policy makers, put more precision on the "rigid" supervision of the insurance clauses and insurance rates. From the point of view of insurance companies, two is that extensive management is not conducive to the development of the industry. The insurance companies use the unified terms and fees, which can not make products and prices according to the changes of the market and their own practice. The quality of the product and service is serious, forcing insurance companies to improve their market share only through the rough and vicious competition means such as price war. In this process, few insurance companies reflect on their own internal development, but more are looking for reasons outside the bad market environment, so that the whole industry is plunged into price war and so on. Three, from the point of view of consumers, the original clause rate system has been far from meeting the needs of the public. From the analysis of the complaints from the insurance companies, there are a large number of complaints and disputes due to the enhancement of the awareness of the rights and the legal concept of the consumer, and a large number of complaints, "high insurance and low compensation", " The reform of commercial vehicle insurance rate is focused on two principles: adhering to the direction of marketization and protecting the legitimate rights and interests of consumers. In general, the essence of the commercial car insurance rate reform is to give the price of commercial vehicle insurance to the insurance company and the choice of product to the consumer, it is a car insurance industry car. It can be said that, from the perspective of market supervision and the development of the industry itself, the reform of commercial vehicle insurance is the biggest uncertainty in the management process of future financial insurance companies. The Matthew effect will gradually appear in the process of market competition, and the final market may be polarized. It is better than the market competitor to win out and inferior to the market. Therefore, the decision of the financial insurance company before and after the reform of the commercial vehicle insurance rate directly affects the operation of the company. The thesis is divided into four parts: the first part focuses on the analysis of the reform of the motor vehicle insurance rate reform in China to analyze the reform of the new motor vehicle commercial vehicle insurance rate. It is the necessity of the development of history. At the same time, the foreign advanced countries' car insurance reform provides experience for the new motor vehicle insurance rate reform. More importantly, the problems brought by the current situation of car insurance in our country are urgently needed to be solved in the old edition system. The second part analyses the principal of the rate reform in detail from two aspects of terms and rates. The content, the transformation from the industry, the social management function, the consumer premium three aspects put forward the significance of the reform. The third part, combined with the Shandong area, focuses on the analysis of the impact of the reform of commercial vehicle insurance rates, especially the changes in supervision change, market change, the change of the management strategy of the financial insurance companies and the change of the customer's choice. The fourth part, on the basis of the previous analysis, puts forward the coping strategies for the financial insurance companies to deal with the rate reform of commercial vehicle insurance. It should be said that this paper has a strong feasibility to reform the commercial vehicle insurance rate in Shandong.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F842.634

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