推进我国“新农合”发展的问题分析及对策研究

发布时间：2018-07-07 09:24

本文选题：新农合 + 看病难　；参考：《西华大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国新型农村合作医疗保险制度简称“新农合”,它是在完善社会主义市场经济体制的过程中建立起来的一种新型的农村公共医疗卫生服务制度。随着社会主义市场经济体制的建立,原有的农村合作医疗制度就发展为新型农村合作医疗保险制度。中共中央在1993年的《关于建设社会主义市场经济体制若干问题的决定》中,提出了要发展和完善农村合作医疗制度。在1994年开始了探索建立城镇职工基本医疗保险制度,国家先后启动城镇职工基本医疗制度改革和城镇医疗卫生体制改革。1996年,党中央、国务院召开了新中国成立以来的第一次全国卫生大会,做出了关于卫生改革与发展的决定,从此,我国加快了医疗卫生体制改革的步伐。2002年10月29日,中共中央《关于进一步加强农村卫生工作的决定》,首次提出了建立“新型农村合作医疗”的概念。2006年10月,党的十六届六中全会通过的《中共中央关于构建社会主义和谐社会若干重大问题的决定》中,提出了我国卫生事业改革发展的基本原则、重大举措和目标任务。明确提出了建设“新型农村合作医疗保险制度”的目标任务。胡锦涛总书记在政治局第三十五次集体学习时的讲话中再次强调：要坚持公共医疗卫生的公益性质,要在完善市场经济体制的过程中,深化医疗卫生体制改革,要使建立起来的新型农村合作医疗制度,更好的服务于农村群众。 2002年我国新型农村合作医疗保险制度正式建立起来,并得到了较快的发展。自2003年1月国务院转发了卫生部、财政部、农业部关于建立新型农村合作医疗制度的意见之后,有关部门不断加大对新农合的投入力度,逐步将新型农村合作医疗制度推向全国。广大农村地区的医疗环境得到了极大地改善。农民群众最关心的看病难、看病贵问题也有一定程度的缓解。但是,“新农合”建设中也还存在不尽人意的地方。比如,“新农合”的可持续发展缺乏一定的后劲；农民“看病难、看病贵”的问题未得到根本解决；农村医疗卫生服务水平较低的现象还很突出,这,引起了党和政府的高度重视,也成为了学界的研究热点问题,本文从保障农民群众的根本利益和健康水平出发,首先阐述了我国“新农合”建设的必要性和现实意义,其次,对存在的农民的认识不到位、农民“看病难、看病贵”和农村基层医疗服务水平较低的问题进行了深入分析,提出了进一步加大对“新农合”的宣传和普及力度；建立慢性病统筹+大病统筹+门诊账户统筹的医疗保障机制；进一步提高农村基层医疗卫生服务水平三个方面的相应措施。
[Abstract]:The new rural cooperative medical insurance system in China is called "New Rural Cooperative Medical Insurance system", which is a new type of rural public medical and health service system established in the process of perfecting the socialist market economy system. With the establishment of socialist market economy system, the original rural cooperative medical system has developed into a new rural cooperative medical insurance system. In 1993, the CPC Central Committee proposed to develop and perfect the rural cooperative medical system. In 1994, the government began to explore the establishment of a basic medical insurance system for urban workers. The state initiated the reform of the basic medical care system for urban workers and the reform of the urban medical and health care system successively. In 1996, the CPC Central Committee, The State Council convened the first National Health Assembly since the founding of the people's Republic of China and made a decision on health reform and development. Since then, China has accelerated the pace of reform of the medical and health care system. The CPC Central Committee's decision on further strengthening Rural Health work, for the first time, put forward the concept of establishing a "new type of rural cooperative medical system." in October 2006, In the decision of the CPC Central Committee on constructing a harmonious Socialist Society, adopted by the sixth Plenary session of the 16th CPC Central Committee, the basic principles, major measures and target tasks for the reform and development of health care in China are put forward. Clearly put forward the construction of "new rural cooperative medical insurance system" the target task. In his speech at the 35th collective study of the Politburo, General Secretary Hu Jintao once again stressed: we must adhere to the commonweal nature of public medical and health care, and deepen the reform of the medical and health system in the process of perfecting the market economy system. In order to make the new rural cooperative medical system better serve the rural masses, the new rural cooperative medical insurance system of our country was formally established in 2002 and developed rapidly. Since the State Council forwarded the opinions of the Ministry of Health, the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Agriculture on the establishment of a new rural cooperative medical system in January 2003, the relevant departments have continuously increased their input into the new rural cooperative medical system. Gradually introduce the new rural cooperative medical system to the whole country. The medical environment in rural areas has been greatly improved. Farmers are most concerned about the difficulty of seeing a doctor, and the problem of expensive medical treatment has also been alleviated to a certain extent. However, the construction of "New Rural Cooperation" also exists unsatisfactory places. For example, the sustainable development of "New Rural Cooperation" lacks a certain degree of stamina; the problem of "difficult and expensive medical treatment" for farmers has not been fundamentally resolved; and the phenomenon of a relatively low level of medical and health services in rural areas is still outstanding. It has aroused the great attention of the Party and the government, and has also become a hot research issue in academic circles. This paper, starting from the protection of the fundamental interests and health level of the peasants, first expounds the necessity and practical significance of the construction of "New Rural Cooperation" in our country, and secondly, This paper deeply analyzes the existing problems of farmers' understanding, "difficult to see a doctor, expensive to see a doctor" and the lower level of primary medical service in rural areas, and proposes to further increase the publicity and popularization of "New Rural Cooperation"; To establish the medical security mechanism of coordinating the outpatient account of chronic diseases, and to further improve the rural primary medical and health service level of three aspects of the corresponding measures.
【学位授予单位】：西华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F323.89;F842.684;R197.1

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