贵州省农业保险发展的困境及支持政策研究
发布时间：2018-07-14 12:43
【摘要】：在中国，三农问题不仅仅是一个重大的政治问题，而且是关系到我国建设社会主义新农村、建设社会主义小康社会、构建社会主义和谐社会的社会问题和经济问题。农业保险作为保护农民减轻自然灾害损失的保护伞，同时又作为适应世贸组织规则的绿箱政策，，是建设中国特色社会主义保障体系的重要组成部分，农业保险可以使农业生产经营者得到更好的保护，从而促进农村经济的健康发展。正因如此，世界上已有100多个国家，通过政府支持，积极实施农业保险，形成了与各国国情相适应的政策性农业保险发展模式。贵州是典型的喀斯特高原地貌，气候条件复杂，自然灾害频繁，灾后农业损失严重，农业保险作为符合WTO绿箱农业支持政策允许的一种支持手段，越来越受到国家和学术界的重视，其对农业的保障作用越来越明显。 2007年，中央财政首次在贵州启动政策性农业保险，中国人民财产保险股份有限公司贵州分公司作为唯一承保机构，在全省范围内积极开展能繁母猪保险工作，承包能繁母猪152.3万头，实现保费收入6916万元，这也使得在2008年初的雪凝中有母猪死亡的投保农户有保无患。在随后的几年中，贵州省农业保险得到了一定程度的发展，但是由于许多原因，其发展依然困难重重。本课题首先从分析贵州省农业保险发展的必要性入手，回顾了建国以来贵州省农业保险曲折的发展历程，认为农业保险在贵州省农业与农村经济发展过程中的作用是无可替代的，并且经过几年的试点，贵州省农业保险正面临着良好的发展机遇。随后在相关理论的指导下，分别从农民、保险公司及政府三个不同利益主体的视角来分析当今贵州省农业保险发展面临的需求困境、供给困境和支持困境。并从三个不同利益主体的行为来探寻相应的原因，尤其是针对农民农业保险有效需求不足的困境，通过实地的调研取证，运用Logistic分析法建立回归模型，对影响农民需求行为进而导致农民农业保险有效需求不足的主要原因进行了深入的分析，得出结论：是否知道国家有补贴、遭受灾害的次数、主要从事的农业生产活动和农业保险对生产生活的重要性4个指标是左右农户农业保险需求决策的决定性因素；对农业保险的了解程度这个指标则对农业保险的需求有一定的影响。在此基础上，本课题对影响贵州省农业保险发展的因素通过建立科布道格拉斯生产函数模型进行定量评价，找出了农业保险赔付率、自然灾害成灾率、农业增加值、政府农林水利支出和政府补贴几个对贵州省农业保险起显著影响作用的指标。最后结合贵州省的实际情况，对适合贵州省情的农业保险模式进行了构想，并对贵州农业保险的持续稳定发展提出相应的政策建议，认为对于农民要想方设法提高农民收入并培养他们的保险意识，对于保险公司要进一步提高服务能力并促进农业保险产品的多样性，对于政府要明确自身的责任、优化农村投入并构建完善的大灾风险转移制度，除此之外还要大力培养农业保险人才和推动农业保险的法律实践，促进贵州省农业保险的健康发展和农村经济的可持续发展。
[Abstract]:In China, the problem of agriculture and rural areas is not only a major political problem, but also the social and economic problems of building a new socialist countryside, building a well-off society and building a harmonious socialist society. The green box policy of the rules of trade organization is an important part of the construction of a socialist guarantee system with Chinese characteristics. Agricultural insurance can make the agricultural production operators better protected and thus promote the healthy development of the rural economy. For this reason, there are more than 100 countries in the world to actively implement agricultural insurance through the support of the government. The development mode of policy agricultural insurance, which is adapted to the national conditions of various countries. Guizhou is a typical Karst plateau topography, the climate is complex, the natural disasters are frequent, the agricultural losses are serious after the disaster. Agricultural insurance, as a supporting means conforming to the WTO green box agricultural support policy, has been paid more and more attention by the national and academic circles. The role of security is becoming more and more obvious.
In 2007, the central government started the policy based agricultural insurance in Guizhou for the first time. As the only underwriting institution, the Peoples Insurance Company of China Guizhou branch was actively carrying out the sow insurance work in the whole province. It contracted 1 million 523 thousand sows to achieve a premium of 69 million 160 thousand yuan, which also made the snow coagulation in early 2008. In the following years, the development of agricultural insurance in Guizhou province has been developed to a certain extent in the following years, but for many reasons, its development is still difficult. First of all, this subject starts with the analysis of the necessity of the development of agricultural insurance in Guizhou Province, and reviews the tortuous development calendar of agricultural insurance in Guizhou province since the founding of the people's Republic. According to Cheng, the role of agricultural insurance in the development of agriculture and rural economy in Guizhou province is irreplaceable, and after several years of pilot, the agricultural insurance in Guizhou is facing good opportunities for development. Under the guidance of relevant theories, it is analyzed from the perspectives of farmers, insurance companies and the three different interests of the government respectively. The demand predicament, supply dilemma and support predicament in the development of agricultural insurance in Guizhou province are found, and the corresponding reasons are explored from the behavior of three different stakeholders, especially in the plight of insufficient effective demand for farmers' agricultural insurance. Through field investigation and investigation, the Logistic analysis method is used to establish a regression model, which will affect farmers' demand. In order to further cause the shortage of farmers' agricultural insurance, the main reasons are analyzed. The conclusion is as follows: whether the state has subsidies, the number of disasters, the main agricultural production activities and the importance of agricultural insurance to production and life 4 indicators are the decisive factors of the agricultural insurance demand decision of the left and right farmers. The degree of understanding of agricultural insurance has a certain influence on the demand of agricultural insurance. On this basis, the thesis makes a quantitative evaluation on the factors affecting the development of agricultural insurance in Guizhou province through the establishment of the Douglas production function model, and finds out the rate of compensation for agricultural insurance, the rate of natural disasters and the increase of agricultural value, The government agriculture, forestry, water and water expenditure and government subsidies have a significant impact on the agricultural insurance in Guizhou province. Finally, combining the actual situation in Guizhou Province, this paper conceived the agricultural insurance model suitable for Guizhou Province, and put forward the corresponding policy suggestions on the sustainable and stable development of the agricultural insurance in Guizhou, and thought that the farmers should think about the establishment of the agricultural insurance in Guizhou. In order to improve the farmers' income and cultivate their insurance awareness, for the insurance companies to further improve their service ability and promote the diversity of the agricultural insurance products, it is necessary for the government to make clear the responsibility of the government, to optimize the rural investment and to build a perfect disaster risk transfer system. In addition, it is necessary to cultivate the agricultural insurance talents and promote the agriculture. The legal practice of industrial insurance promotes the healthy development of agricultural insurance in Guizhou and the sustainable development of rural economy.
【学位授予单位】：贵州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F842.66
本文编号：2121682
[Abstract]:In China, the problem of agriculture and rural areas is not only a major political problem, but also the social and economic problems of building a new socialist countryside, building a well-off society and building a harmonious socialist society. The green box policy of the rules of trade organization is an important part of the construction of a socialist guarantee system with Chinese characteristics. Agricultural insurance can make the agricultural production operators better protected and thus promote the healthy development of the rural economy. For this reason, there are more than 100 countries in the world to actively implement agricultural insurance through the support of the government. The development mode of policy agricultural insurance, which is adapted to the national conditions of various countries. Guizhou is a typical Karst plateau topography, the climate is complex, the natural disasters are frequent, the agricultural losses are serious after the disaster. Agricultural insurance, as a supporting means conforming to the WTO green box agricultural support policy, has been paid more and more attention by the national and academic circles. The role of security is becoming more and more obvious.
In 2007, the central government started the policy based agricultural insurance in Guizhou for the first time. As the only underwriting institution, the Peoples Insurance Company of China Guizhou branch was actively carrying out the sow insurance work in the whole province. It contracted 1 million 523 thousand sows to achieve a premium of 69 million 160 thousand yuan, which also made the snow coagulation in early 2008. In the following years, the development of agricultural insurance in Guizhou province has been developed to a certain extent in the following years, but for many reasons, its development is still difficult. First of all, this subject starts with the analysis of the necessity of the development of agricultural insurance in Guizhou Province, and reviews the tortuous development calendar of agricultural insurance in Guizhou province since the founding of the people's Republic. According to Cheng, the role of agricultural insurance in the development of agriculture and rural economy in Guizhou province is irreplaceable, and after several years of pilot, the agricultural insurance in Guizhou is facing good opportunities for development. Under the guidance of relevant theories, it is analyzed from the perspectives of farmers, insurance companies and the three different interests of the government respectively. The demand predicament, supply dilemma and support predicament in the development of agricultural insurance in Guizhou province are found, and the corresponding reasons are explored from the behavior of three different stakeholders, especially in the plight of insufficient effective demand for farmers' agricultural insurance. Through field investigation and investigation, the Logistic analysis method is used to establish a regression model, which will affect farmers' demand. In order to further cause the shortage of farmers' agricultural insurance, the main reasons are analyzed. The conclusion is as follows: whether the state has subsidies, the number of disasters, the main agricultural production activities and the importance of agricultural insurance to production and life 4 indicators are the decisive factors of the agricultural insurance demand decision of the left and right farmers. The degree of understanding of agricultural insurance has a certain influence on the demand of agricultural insurance. On this basis, the thesis makes a quantitative evaluation on the factors affecting the development of agricultural insurance in Guizhou province through the establishment of the Douglas production function model, and finds out the rate of compensation for agricultural insurance, the rate of natural disasters and the increase of agricultural value, The government agriculture, forestry, water and water expenditure and government subsidies have a significant impact on the agricultural insurance in Guizhou province. Finally, combining the actual situation in Guizhou Province, this paper conceived the agricultural insurance model suitable for Guizhou Province, and put forward the corresponding policy suggestions on the sustainable and stable development of the agricultural insurance in Guizhou, and thought that the farmers should think about the establishment of the agricultural insurance in Guizhou. In order to improve the farmers' income and cultivate their insurance awareness, for the insurance companies to further improve their service ability and promote the diversity of the agricultural insurance products, it is necessary for the government to make clear the responsibility of the government, to optimize the rural investment and to build a perfect disaster risk transfer system. In addition, it is necessary to cultivate the agricultural insurance talents and promote the agriculture. The legal practice of industrial insurance promotes the healthy development of agricultural insurance in Guizhou and the sustainable development of rural economy.
【学位授予单位】：贵州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F842.66
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