依安县新型农村养老保险问题研究
发布时间：2018-10-18 17:16
【摘要】：我国目前的经济结构和特殊的城乡二元结构决定了我国农村居民的社会养老问题己经迫在眉睫。城市化过程中，少子老龄化、农村劳动力转入城市、城市迁居趋势和家庭结构核心化等因素导致农村老年人口的生存风险正日益凸显，非农化和城镇化进程等使农民对社会养老保险的需求大大提高，因此，重视并全面开展农村社会养老保险工作已成为理论工作者和实践工作者一项艰巨的任务。在此背景下，2009年9月我国出台了“新农保试点”政策，这一政策主要推行由政府补贴、个人缴费以及集体补助相结合筹集资金，再由国家以农村社会样报保险的形式为农民支付最低标准养老金。“新农保试点”政策的出台无疑为更多的农民赢取了经济利益。本文主要通过研究国内外文献、回顾国内外的有关政策，以一些典型的国外农村社会养老保险制度为参考，在借鉴国外的各种典型农村社会养老保险制度在推行过程中的经验以及吸取其发展问题的基础上，对我国“老农保”政策所存在的问题以及原因进行分析，并且通过对比新老农保政策，就新农保制度相较于老农保制度的优缺点以及问题原因进行了分析，并且通过对农村社会养老保险制度分析，指出了农保制度制定的关键之处以及实施过程中的关键问题，提出了在我国农村社会养老保险制度发展过程中走政府财政支持道路是必然选择。 “新农保”即是新型农村社会养老保险，这一政策是我国继农业直补、取消农业税、新型农村合作医疗之后所实施的又一重大政策。采取集体补助、政府补贴以及个人缴费的方式，通过中央财政补助的形式直接将补贴落实到农民身上。新农保政策是我国解决农民问题，，建立农民社保体系的重要环节，对于农民而言也是一个天大的喜讯。 本文主要就依安县新农保的实施情况进行实例分析，通过对依安县新农保政策进行研究调查，发现了我国所推行的新农保制度依旧存在农民参保意识较差、政府补贴方式不合理以及养老金待遇较低等问题。也正是这些问题的存在使得依安县新农保政策的实施并没有达到预计效果，也正是这些问题的存在制约了新农保政策在我国的进一步实施与推广。 本文通过借鉴国外一些经典的农民养老模式与对我国农民进行实地调查相结合的方式，就依安县新农保政策的实施与推广提出了一些合理的政策建议，如加强农民的参保意识、进一步完善新农保政策中的筹资方案、引入商业保险以及增强农村养老保险基金的保值性等。期望通过这一系列的完善措施的推行，在依安县内引导新农保政策步入良性循环，同时也希望通过这些措施的推行为我国农村养老保险事业开辟出一条新道路。
[Abstract]:China's current economic structure and special urban-rural dual structure determine the social endowment problem of rural residents is imminent. In the process of urbanization, the aging of minority children, the migration of rural labor force into cities, the trend of urban migration and the core of family structure lead to the increasing risk of survival of the rural elderly population. The process of non-agricultural and urbanization has greatly increased the farmers' demand for social old-age insurance. Therefore, it has become a difficult task for the theoretical and practical workers to attach importance to and carry out the rural social old-age insurance work in an all-round way. In this context, in September 2009, China issued the "New Rural Insurance pilot" policy, which is mainly implemented by the government subsidies, individual contributions and collective subsidies to raise funds. Again by the state in the form of rural social report insurance for farmers to pay the minimum standard pension. The introduction of the "New Rural Insurance pilot" policy undoubtedly won economic benefits for more farmers. This article mainly through the research domestic and foreign literature, reviews the domestic and foreign related policy, takes some typical foreign countryside social endowment insurance system as the reference, On the basis of drawing lessons from the experience of various typical rural social endowment insurance systems in foreign countries and drawing on the problems of their development, this paper analyzes the problems and causes of the policy of "old peasant insurance" in our country. And by comparing the new and old rural insurance policy, this paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the new rural insurance system compared with the old rural insurance system and the reasons for the problems, and analyzes the rural social old-age insurance system. This paper points out the key points of the establishment of the rural insurance system and the key problems in the implementation process, and points out that it is an inevitable choice to take the road of government financial support in the development of the rural social endowment insurance system in China. "New Rural Insurance" is a new type of rural social endowment insurance. This policy is another important policy after the agricultural direct supplement, the abolition of agricultural tax and the new rural cooperative medical system. Collective subsidies, government subsidies and individual contributions are adopted to directly implement subsidies to farmers through the form of central financial subsidies. The new rural insurance policy is an important link to solve the farmers' problems and establish the farmers' social security system in our country. It is also a great good news for the peasants. This article mainly carries on the example analysis to the implementation situation of the new rural insurance in Yi'an county, through the research investigation to the new rural insurance policy of Yi'an county, found that the new rural insurance system of our country still exists the poor consciousness of the farmers to participate in the insurance. The government subsidizes the way unreasonable and the pension treatment is lower and so on question. It is precisely the existence of these problems that makes the implementation of the new rural insurance policy in Yi'an County not achieve the expected effect, and it is the existence of these problems that restricts the further implementation and promotion of the new rural insurance policy in China. In this paper, by referring to some classical mode of providing for the aged in foreign countries and carrying out field investigation on farmers in our country, this paper puts forward some reasonable policy suggestions on the implementation and popularization of the new rural insurance policy in Yi'an County, such as strengthening the farmers' consciousness of participating in insurance. Further improve the financing scheme of the new rural insurance policy, introduce commercial insurance and enhance the value of rural pension insurance funds, and so on. Through the implementation of this series of perfect measures, we hope to guide the new rural insurance policy into a virtuous circle in Yi'an County, and at the same time, we hope to open a new way for the rural old-age insurance in our country through the implementation of these measures.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F842.67;F323.89
[Abstract]:China's current economic structure and special urban-rural dual structure determine the social endowment problem of rural residents is imminent. In the process of urbanization, the aging of minority children, the migration of rural labor force into cities, the trend of urban migration and the core of family structure lead to the increasing risk of survival of the rural elderly population. The process of non-agricultural and urbanization has greatly increased the farmers' demand for social old-age insurance. Therefore, it has become a difficult task for the theoretical and practical workers to attach importance to and carry out the rural social old-age insurance work in an all-round way. In this context, in September 2009, China issued the "New Rural Insurance pilot" policy, which is mainly implemented by the government subsidies, individual contributions and collective subsidies to raise funds. Again by the state in the form of rural social report insurance for farmers to pay the minimum standard pension. The introduction of the "New Rural Insurance pilot" policy undoubtedly won economic benefits for more farmers. This article mainly through the research domestic and foreign literature, reviews the domestic and foreign related policy, takes some typical foreign countryside social endowment insurance system as the reference, On the basis of drawing lessons from the experience of various typical rural social endowment insurance systems in foreign countries and drawing on the problems of their development, this paper analyzes the problems and causes of the policy of "old peasant insurance" in our country. And by comparing the new and old rural insurance policy, this paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the new rural insurance system compared with the old rural insurance system and the reasons for the problems, and analyzes the rural social old-age insurance system. This paper points out the key points of the establishment of the rural insurance system and the key problems in the implementation process, and points out that it is an inevitable choice to take the road of government financial support in the development of the rural social endowment insurance system in China. "New Rural Insurance" is a new type of rural social endowment insurance. This policy is another important policy after the agricultural direct supplement, the abolition of agricultural tax and the new rural cooperative medical system. Collective subsidies, government subsidies and individual contributions are adopted to directly implement subsidies to farmers through the form of central financial subsidies. The new rural insurance policy is an important link to solve the farmers' problems and establish the farmers' social security system in our country. It is also a great good news for the peasants. This article mainly carries on the example analysis to the implementation situation of the new rural insurance in Yi'an county, through the research investigation to the new rural insurance policy of Yi'an county, found that the new rural insurance system of our country still exists the poor consciousness of the farmers to participate in the insurance. The government subsidizes the way unreasonable and the pension treatment is lower and so on question. It is precisely the existence of these problems that makes the implementation of the new rural insurance policy in Yi'an County not achieve the expected effect, and it is the existence of these problems that restricts the further implementation and promotion of the new rural insurance policy in China. In this paper, by referring to some classical mode of providing for the aged in foreign countries and carrying out field investigation on farmers in our country, this paper puts forward some reasonable policy suggestions on the implementation and popularization of the new rural insurance policy in Yi'an County, such as strengthening the farmers' consciousness of participating in insurance. Further improve the financing scheme of the new rural insurance policy, introduce commercial insurance and enhance the value of rural pension insurance funds, and so on. Through the implementation of this series of perfect measures, we hope to guide the new rural insurance policy into a virtuous circle in Yi'an County, and at the same time, we hope to open a new way for the rural old-age insurance in our country through the implementation of these measures.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F842.67;F323.89
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