相互保险在我国发展问题研究
发布时间：2018-12-17 06:02
【摘要】：相互保险组织是具有互助合作性质的特殊保险组织形式。我国允许和鼓励发展相互保险组织形式,不仅丰富了保险行业的组织形式,而且充分满足了不同层面保险消费者的保险保障需求,对于活跃和扩展保险市场有着重要意义。本文的研究包括了以下几部分:第一部分以相互保险组织的定义和特征为基础,对相互保险组织进行分类并分析其优势。发现相互保险组织的两种形式——相互保险公司和相互社在治理结构、组织规模、经营范围、经营模式等方面都有较大的不同。第二部分是研究相互保险公司和相互社的发展历程,得出有利于我国发展相互保险的宝贵经验。在保险市场发展的初级阶段,市场不成熟、消费者的保险意识较弱、保险公司经营管理技术不够先进,相互保险公司是培育保险市场的有效手段,因而出现了相互化现象;当保险市场在全球化的背景下发展,相互保险公司在与股份保险公司激烈竞争时,由于其增资融资难、不易扩大规模、经营保守的先天缺陷导致非相互化的现象;即便如此,相互保险公司依旧能够占据全球保险市场27%的份额,并且越来越趋于利基市场。尤其是金融危机之后,相互保险公司的低杠杆优势更被突显出来,引发了新的再相互化趋势。同时,相互保险社小而精,能在一定的领域内发挥出较强的作用,在农村地区能更充分地发挥保险互助共济的社会效应。第三部分是研究我国相互保险的发展现状和存在的问题。以阳光农业相互保险公司和慈溪市龙山镇伏龙农村保险互助社为例,分别归纳总结相互保险公司和相互保险社在我国的发展现状和面临的问题,主要问题是资金来源有限,运用渠道单一和制度不够完善。同时,也对当下出现较多的互联网互助平台,以抗癌公社和E互助为例进行研究,认为互助平台属于“类相互”,并非相互保险组织的形式,在其发展过程中也存在监管、可持续经营、风险控制等问题。第四部分,针对以上总结出的相互保险发展存在的问题,提出相应的政策建议。对于相互保险公司的发展,提出拓宽资金来源渠道和有效加强监管。对于相互社而言,提出积极培育公众互助合作意识、加强人才队伍建设和构建多层次的相互保险体系。同时,要积极应对“互联网+”的影响。
[Abstract]:Mutual insurance organization is a special form of insurance organization with the nature of mutual assistance and cooperation. China allows and encourages the development of mutual insurance organization, which not only enriches the organization of insurance industry, but also fully meets the insurance security needs of consumers at different levels, which is of great significance to active and expanding the insurance market. This paper includes the following parts: the first part classifies mutual insurance organizations and analyzes their advantages based on the definition and characteristics of mutual insurance organizations. It is found that the two forms of mutual insurance organizations, mutual insurance companies and mutual societies, have great differences in governance structure, organizational scale, business scope, business model, and so on. The second part is to study the development process of mutual insurance companies and mutual societies, and draw valuable experience for the development of mutual insurance in China. In the primary stage of the development of insurance market, the market is immature, the consumer's insurance consciousness is weak, the management technology of insurance company is not advanced enough, mutual insurance company is the effective means to cultivate the insurance market, so there appears the phenomenon of mutual transformation. When the insurance market develops under the background of globalization, mutual insurance companies are competing fiercely with the share insurance companies, because of the difficulty of increasing capital and financing, it is difficult to expand the scale, and the congenital defects of management conservatism lead to the phenomenon of non-mutual transformation. Even so, mutual insurance companies can still account for 27 percent of the global insurance market and are increasingly heading for niche markets. Especially after the financial crisis, the low-leverage advantage of mutual insurance companies is highlighted, which leads to a new trend of re-reciprocity. At the same time, the mutual insurance society is small and fine, can play a stronger role in a certain field, and can give full play to the social effect of mutual insurance mutual aid in rural areas. The third part is to study the development of mutual insurance in China and the existing problems. Taking the Sunshine Agricultural Mutual Insurance Company and the Fulong Rural Insurance Credit Association in Longshan Town of Cixi City as examples, this paper sums up the development status and problems faced by mutual insurance companies and mutual insurance societies in China, respectively. The main problem is the limited sources of funds. The application channel is single and the system is not perfect. At the same time, there are also more Internet mutual aid platforms. Taking anti-cancer communes and E mutual aid as examples, the authors think that mutual aid platforms are "mutual", not a form of mutual insurance organizations, and there are also regulations in their development. Sustainable management, risk control and other issues. The fourth part, in view of the above summary mutual insurance development existence question, proposed the corresponding policy proposal. For the development of mutual insurance companies, it is proposed to broaden the sources of funds and effectively strengthen supervision. For mutual societies, it is proposed to actively cultivate the public awareness of mutual assistance and cooperation, to strengthen the construction of talent ranks and to build a multi-level mutual insurance system. At the same time, we should actively deal with the impact of the "Internet".
【学位授予单位】：首都经济贸易大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F842.3
本文编号：2383775
[Abstract]:Mutual insurance organization is a special form of insurance organization with the nature of mutual assistance and cooperation. China allows and encourages the development of mutual insurance organization, which not only enriches the organization of insurance industry, but also fully meets the insurance security needs of consumers at different levels, which is of great significance to active and expanding the insurance market. This paper includes the following parts: the first part classifies mutual insurance organizations and analyzes their advantages based on the definition and characteristics of mutual insurance organizations. It is found that the two forms of mutual insurance organizations, mutual insurance companies and mutual societies, have great differences in governance structure, organizational scale, business scope, business model, and so on. The second part is to study the development process of mutual insurance companies and mutual societies, and draw valuable experience for the development of mutual insurance in China. In the primary stage of the development of insurance market, the market is immature, the consumer's insurance consciousness is weak, the management technology of insurance company is not advanced enough, mutual insurance company is the effective means to cultivate the insurance market, so there appears the phenomenon of mutual transformation. When the insurance market develops under the background of globalization, mutual insurance companies are competing fiercely with the share insurance companies, because of the difficulty of increasing capital and financing, it is difficult to expand the scale, and the congenital defects of management conservatism lead to the phenomenon of non-mutual transformation. Even so, mutual insurance companies can still account for 27 percent of the global insurance market and are increasingly heading for niche markets. Especially after the financial crisis, the low-leverage advantage of mutual insurance companies is highlighted, which leads to a new trend of re-reciprocity. At the same time, the mutual insurance society is small and fine, can play a stronger role in a certain field, and can give full play to the social effect of mutual insurance mutual aid in rural areas. The third part is to study the development of mutual insurance in China and the existing problems. Taking the Sunshine Agricultural Mutual Insurance Company and the Fulong Rural Insurance Credit Association in Longshan Town of Cixi City as examples, this paper sums up the development status and problems faced by mutual insurance companies and mutual insurance societies in China, respectively. The main problem is the limited sources of funds. The application channel is single and the system is not perfect. At the same time, there are also more Internet mutual aid platforms. Taking anti-cancer communes and E mutual aid as examples, the authors think that mutual aid platforms are "mutual", not a form of mutual insurance organizations, and there are also regulations in their development. Sustainable management, risk control and other issues. The fourth part, in view of the above summary mutual insurance development existence question, proposed the corresponding policy proposal. For the development of mutual insurance companies, it is proposed to broaden the sources of funds and effectively strengthen supervision. For mutual societies, it is proposed to actively cultivate the public awareness of mutual assistance and cooperation, to strengthen the construction of talent ranks and to build a multi-level mutual insurance system. At the same time, we should actively deal with the impact of the "Internet".
【学位授予单位】：首都经济贸易大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F842.3
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