中国出口信用保险政策性职能的理论分析和实证检验

发布时间：2019-06-30 22:18

【摘要】：作为经济增长的三驾马车之一,对外出口贸易在我国占据重要的地位,对外贸易的持续增长成为影响经济发展的重要因素。为鼓励出口贸易,各国纷纷出台补贴政策,支持国内企业走出去。随着WTO规则的逐步完善,出口补贴政策为WTO政策所禁止,而出口信用保险作为替代手段逐渐发挥其重要作用。伴随我国加入WTO组织,中国出口信用保险公司(简称“中国信保”)于2001年正式成立,由国家财政部出资,以支持我国对外经济贸易发展与合作,通过政策性定位和市场化经营相结合的方式,以配合国家产业政策,实现促进对外贸易,重点支持高科技、附加值大的机电产品等资本性货物出口,改善地区间贸易结构失衡的定位。本文采用定性分析、定量分析、比较分析和案例分析相结合的研究方法,基于全国和高新技术行业时间序列数据、省际面板面数据分别构建计量模型,选取承保额、市场渗透率和保费收入等参数指标,重点分析公司政策性职能定位的发挥,检验承保额与全国整体出口规模、地区间出口差异以及高新技术产品出口之间的关系,分析公司政策性职能发挥的水平。在比较借鉴国外信用保险机构运营的基础上,从政府、中国信保以及出口企业层面提出完善措施,以扩大信用保险的覆盖面和渗透率。本文共分为五部分：第一章总结了本文研究的意义和背景,回顾了国内外信用保险职能的文献,并对研究过程、方法和内容进行梳理；第二章从市场经营策略、市场服务模式、资信服务能力和产品结构设计四个层面比较了国内外信用保险机构在运营过程中的差异,并归纳了中国信保在海外服务能力、渠道营销模式、企业信息建设、在线信息服务、客户服务评估、产品开发应用和限额审批处理方面的不足；第三章在理论分析过程中,视信用保险为隐形出口补贴,通过模型分析其对社会总福利和国际贸易的影响；第四章在实证层面,选择市场渗透率和承保额两变量检验对出口额的影响,同时通过协整检验分析承保规模与省际出口额和行业出口额之间的关系,发现中国信保在运营过程中,能有效促进出口额扩大,提高高新行业出口速率,调节省际问出口不均衡,实现了政府赋予中国信保的政策性职能。为有效扩大中国信保服务渗透率,本文在第五章总结了制约信用保险发展的相关因素,并从政府、信保机构、企业三方面提出改善措施。从政策层面上,政府应该通过强化法律、法规建设,并加大对财政支持力度,制订差异化承保政策,以提高政策性的功能定位；而从中国信保自身而言,应该借鉴国外三大集团经验从服务战略、承保费率、业务创新、风险评估能力等方面进行改善,以提高信用保险机构的客户服务能力；出口企业则应该加强业务知识学习,突破传统贸易惯例和和认识误区,正确认识各国贸易政策和行业结算经验,强化风险意识,重视风险监控。
[Abstract]:As one of the three troika of economic growth, the external export trade plays an important role in our country, and the sustained growth of foreign trade is an important factor affecting the economic development. In order to encourage export trade, countries have introduced a subsidy policy to support domestic enterprises to go out. With the gradual perfection of the WTO rules, the export subsidy policy is prohibited by the WTO policy, and the export credit insurance plays an important role as an alternative. With China's entry into the WTO, China Export Credit Insurance Company ("China Xinbao") was formally established in 2001, and is funded by the Ministry of Finance of the State to support the development and cooperation of China's foreign economic and trade, and through the combination of policy-oriented and market-oriented operation, To coordinate with the national industrial policy, to realize the promotion of foreign trade, to focus on the export of capital goods such as high-tech and high-value-added mechanical and electrical products, and to improve the positioning of the unbalanced trade structure between the regions. By means of qualitative analysis, quantitative analysis, comparative analysis and case analysis, this paper constructs the measurement model based on the time series data of the national and high-tech industry, the data of the inter-provincial panel and the data of the inter-provincial panel, and selects the parameters such as the commitment value, the market penetration rate and the premium income. The paper mainly analyzes the role of the policy function of the company, and analyzes the relationship between the quantity of the bearing and the whole country, the difference between the regional exports and the export of the high-tech products, and analyzes the water in the policy function of the company. On the basis of reference to the operation of foreign credit insurance institutions, the measures are put forward from the government, the Chinese credit insurance and the export enterprise level to expand the coverage and penetration of the credit insurance. This paper is divided into five parts: the first chapter summarizes the significance and background of the research, and reviews the literature of the credit insurance function at home and abroad, and sorts out the research process, method and content; and the second chapter is from the market operation strategy and the market suit. The differences of the domestic and foreign credit insurance institutions in the operation process are compared, and the overseas service capability, the channel marketing mode, the enterprise information construction, on-line information service and the customer service are summarized. In the process of theoretical analysis, according to the credit insurance as the invisible export subsidy, the influence on the general welfare and international trade of the society is analyzed through the model; and the fourth chapter is in reality. At the same time, the relationship between the coverage scale and the inter-provincial export and the industry's exports is analyzed through co-integration test, and it is found that China's letter of credit can effectively promote the export in the course of operation. The expansion of the amount, the increase of the export rate of the high-tech industry, the adjustment of the imbalance between the provincial and the provincial, and the realization of the government's policy to give China a letter of guarantee In order to effectively expand the permeability of China's credit insurance, this paper sums up the relevant factors that restrict the development of credit insurance in the fifth chapter, and puts forward the changes from the government, the guarantee organization and the enterprise. On the policy level, the government should strengthen the construction of laws and regulations, and increase the support to the financial support, formulate the differentiated underwriting policy so as to improve the function positioning of the policy; and from the Chinese letter of information, the three major groups should be used to learn from the experience of the three major groups To improve the customer service ability of the credit insurance institution from the aspects of service strategy, coverage rate, business innovation, risk assessment ability, etc.; the export enterprises should strengthen the study of professional knowledge, break through the traditional trade practices and understand the misunderstanding, and correctly understand the trade policies and lines of each country Industry settlement experience, strengthen the consciousness of consciousness, weight
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F842.6

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