水电项目产出要素正外部性分析

发布时间：2017-12-27 11:42

本文关键词：水电项目产出要素正外部性分析　出处：《水力发电学报》2015年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：我国水电在经历技术制约、资金制约、市场制约等发展阶段后,现已进入移民制约、生态制约和地方利益制约阶段。需从项目全生命期的全要素视角理解、评价水电项目中各利益相关方的投入产出,构建项目全生命期各利益相关方的利益共享模型。本文是水电项目利益共享模型中"项目产出分析"部分,主要对产出要素中的正外部性进行评估。文章首先通过文献提名法,识别水电项目各产出要素,据其属性归并为经济产出、社会产出和环境产出3类共10个要素;在此基础上依据外部性理论,分析各产出要素的正外部性,包括电网效益、防灾效益、航运效益、温室气体减排效益等,构建产出要素的外部性分析框架;此后应用该分析框架对三峡工程具体案例进行分析。结果表明,水电项目产出要素中包含巨大的正外部性,需在项目投入产出分析中充分考虑,使利益共享模式和理事机制更为合理。研究结果为构建水电项目利益共享模型提供了理论依据,并对水电资源的和谐开发实践和政策制定有指导意义。
[Abstract]:Hydropower in China has gone through the stages of technological constraints, capital constraints and market constraints. Now it has entered the stage of immigration restriction, ecological restriction and local interest restriction. We need to understand and evaluate the input and output of each stakeholder in the hydropower project from the perspective of the full life cycle of the project, and build the benefit sharing model of all stakeholders in the whole life cycle. This paper is the part of "project output analysis" in the benefit sharing model of hydropower projects, which mainly evaluates the positive externalities of the output factors. Firstly, through the literature nomination, the recognition of hydropower project output factors, according to its attribute merge into economic output, output and output of 3 kinds of social environment including 10 factors; on the basis of the externality theory, positive externality analysis of the output factors, including power efficiency, disaster prevention benefits, shipping efficiency, greenhouse gas emission reduction efficiency, external construction output factors analysis framework; then using the analysis framework of the Three Gorges project specific case analysis. The results show that the output elements of hydropower projects contain huge positive externalities, which need to be fully considered in the project input output analysis, so that the mode of interest sharing and the governing mechanism are more reasonable. The research results provide a theoretical basis for the construction of the benefit sharing model of hydropower projects, and have a guiding significance for the practice and policy formulation of the harmonious development of hydropower resources.
【作者单位】：清华大学水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室项目管理与建设技术研究所;中国长江三峡集团中水电国际投资有限公司;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(51179086,51479100,51379104) 水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室科研课题资(2015-ky-5,2013-ky-5)
【分类号】：F426.61;F426.91
【正文快照】： 0引言2009年中国在联合国气候变化峰会上承诺,将大力发展可再生能源,争取2020年非化石能源占一次性能源消费比重达到15%[1];在中央国务院提出的发展目标中,2015年非化石能源消费比重要提高到11.4%,然而2012年这一比重仅达到9.4%[2],足见当前我国发展非化石能源任务之巨大,形势

【参考文献】