新建原油管道试运行风险管理研究

发布时间：2018-01-03 11:04

本文关键词：新建原油管道试运行风险管理研究　出处：《中国石油大学(华东)》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着我国经济社会的快速发展,石油与天然气作为主要能源,在国民经济中发挥的作用也日益凸显。油气管道输送承担着我国70%的原油的运输任务,其安全运行关系到国家建设和社会稳定。同时,由于输送介质具有高压、易燃、易爆的特性,以及管道途径地区多、地质和社会条件多变,如何保障长输管道的安全运营一直是管道企业关注的焦点问题。尤其对于新建投产的原油管道,设备的启动调试、管道设计及施工缺陷、管内介质的置换、土壤温度场的建立以及试运行过程中的相关操作均存在着安全风险,若风险控制策略不当,则极易造成投产试运行失败这种安全生产事故,不但可能危及管道设施的安全和企业员工的生命,还可能造成严重的环境污染,后果十分严重。本文针对国内管道风险管理研究多集中于在役管道的定性分析的情况,借鉴大量国内外数据和经验,对新建原油管道投产试运行时的风险管理进行了研究,将可能诱发管道事故的各种风险因素进行评估,并制定了相应的控制措施,进而合理地分配了维护管道安全的资源,可以最大程度的降低突发性管道事故的综合经济损失。同时,本文将BP神经网络方法引入新建原油管道投产试运行时的风险评价中,并将识别出的风险控制措施应用于兰成原油管道的投产,取得了良好的效果。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's economy and society, oil and natural gas, as the main energy, play an increasingly important role in the national economy. Oil and gas pipeline transportation undertakes the transportation task of 70% crude oil in China. Its safe operation is related to the national construction and social stability. At the same time, due to the transport medium has the characteristics of high pressure, flammable, explosive, and pipeline route area, geological and social conditions are changeable. How to ensure the safe operation of long distance pipeline has always been the focus of attention of pipeline enterprises, especially for the new oil pipeline, equipment start-up and commissioning, pipeline design and construction defects, pipe medium replacement. The establishment of soil temperature field and the related operation in the trial operation all have safety risk. If the risk control strategy is not appropriate, it is easy to cause the safety production accident of commissioning test operation failure. It may not only endanger the safety of pipeline facilities and the lives of employees, but also cause serious environmental pollution. The consequences are very serious. This paper focuses on the qualitative analysis of domestic pipeline risk management, drawing on a large number of domestic and foreign data and experience. This paper studies the risk management of the new crude oil pipeline when it is put into operation, evaluates the various risk factors that may induce pipeline accidents, and formulates the corresponding control measures. Then reasonable allocation of resources to maintain pipeline safety can minimize the overall economic losses of sudden pipeline accidents. At the same time. In this paper, the BP neural network method is applied to the risk evaluation of the new crude oil pipeline when it is put into operation, and the identified risk control measures are applied to the commissioning of the Lancheng crude oil pipeline, and good results have been obtained.
【学位授予单位】：中国石油大学(华东)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F426.22

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