我国风电产业竞争力及影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-01-13 03:30

本文关键词：我国风电产业竞争力及影响因素研究　出处：《江南大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：长期以来，以化石能源为主体的能源结构，迅速消耗着地球上积存数万年形成的宝贵化石能源。这不仅造成了严重的环境污染和生态问题，也阻碍了人类社会的可持续发展。随着科技的不断进步，人们在新能源领域的探索也逐渐深入，对于风能、核能、生物质能等新能源的研究日益加深。作为一种历史悠久、应用广泛的可再生能源，风能不仅储量巨大，而且具备可再生、分布广、对环境无害等优良特性。风力发电作为可再生能源发电技术之一，目前发展快速、较为成熟、具备大规模开发条件和广阔的商业化前景，因而备受世界各国关注。纵观我国风电产业，近年来发展十分迅猛，从无到有已经建立了一条完整的产业链，设备制造和装机容量的发展都已跃居世界前列。因此从国际视角分析其竞争力和影响因素很有必要，具有重要的实际应用价值。文章首先根据国内风电产业的发展特征，以波特钻石模型为基础，，构建了竞争力分析模型，并结合层次分析法，多元线性回归形成了完整的分析框架。依据风力发电和产业竞争力等相关理论，本文先介绍风电产业发展的国际和国内背景；其次，基于钻石模型的视角，概述了我国风电产业竞争力，并运用层次分析法对相关指标进行梳理归纳，构建我国风电产业主要影响因素的指标体系，运用多元线性回归模型检验各个指标的的相关度和效果，提高研究的实际价值；最后，对实证结果进行分析，并提出相关对策建议。基于以上研究，本文得出如下结论：一、我国风电产业在产品总量和市场规模方面具有较强优势，但在核心技术、创新能力和行业标准体系建设方面与其他风电强国相比较为薄弱。二、在钻石模型框架下，我国风电产业竞争力几大要素各有优势和劣势，同时也面临着较大的机遇和挑战，在产业发展过程中存在着较为明显的技术壁垒、人才壁垒和政策壁垒，弃风限电问题严峻。三、实证结果表明，一方面人力资本、基础设施、风电设备制造业发展水平、专利数量、研发投入对我国风电产业起到了积极影响作用。而另一方面，汇率下降在一定程度上抑制了风电产品出口，国内工资水平上涨和知识产权保护不力限制了风电产业的发展。根据以上结论，本文提出相应对策建议：从国家层面应加快风电基础设施建设，为风电产业发展创造硬性条件；完善知识产权保护和实施风电专利发展战略，建立规范的风电行业国家标准，加强风电产业政策扶持力度，为我国风电产业的健康发展创造软性条件。从产业层面，应加快风电产业链整合，重视风电专业人才培养，促进风电产业自主创新。从企业层面，应增强风电企业抗风险能力，加快向国际市场进军的步伐，积极拓展海外风电市场。
[Abstract]:For a long time, the energy structure with fossil energy as the main body consumes the precious fossil energy accumulated on the earth for tens of thousands of years, which not only causes serious environmental pollution and ecological problems. It also hinders the sustainable development of human society. With the continuous progress of science and technology, people in the field of new energy exploration is gradually deepening, for wind energy, nuclear energy. As a renewable energy with a long history and wide application, wind energy not only has huge reserves, but also has renewable and widely distributed. Wind power, as one of the renewable energy generation technologies, is developing rapidly and maturely, and has the conditions of large-scale development and broad commercial prospects. As a result, the world is concerned about. Throughout China's wind power industry, in recent years, the development is very rapid, from scratch has established a complete industrial chain. The development of equipment manufacturing and installed capacity has leapt to the forefront of the world, so it is necessary to analyze its competitiveness and influencing factors from the international perspective. It has important practical application value. Firstly, according to the development characteristics of domestic wind power industry, based on Porter diamond model, the competitiveness analysis model is constructed and combined with the Analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Multiple linear regression forms a complete analytical framework. Based on the theory of wind power generation and industrial competitiveness, this paper first introduces the international and domestic background of wind power industry development. Secondly, based on the diamond model perspective, summarized the competitiveness of wind power industry in China, and use the Analytic hierarchy process to sort out the relevant indicators to build the main factors of wind power industry index system. Multivariate linear regression model is used to test the correlation and effect of each index to improve the practical value of the study. Finally, the empirical results are analyzed, and the relevant countermeasures and suggestions are put forward. Based on the above research, this paper draws the following conclusions: first, the wind power industry in China has a strong advantage in the total product and market scale, but in the core technology. Compared with other wind power countries, the innovation ability and industry standard system construction are relatively weak. Secondly, under the framework of diamond model, the competitive factors of wind power industry of our country have their own advantages and disadvantages. In the process of industrial development, there are obvious technical barriers, talent barriers and policy barriers. Third, the empirical results show that. On the one hand, human capital, infrastructure, wind power equipment manufacturing development level, the number of patents, R & D investment has played a positive role in the wind power industry. On the other hand. The decline of exchange rate has restrained the export of wind power products to some extent, the rise of domestic wage level and the weak protection of intellectual property rights have restricted the development of wind power industry. This paper puts forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions: from the national level, we should speed up the construction of wind power infrastructure to create a hard condition for the development of wind power industry; We will improve the protection of intellectual property rights and implement the development strategy of wind power patents, establish standardized national standards for wind power industry, and strengthen policy support for the wind power industry. To create soft conditions for the healthy development of wind power industry in China. From the industrial level, we should speed up the integration of wind power industry chain, attach importance to the cultivation of wind power professionals, promote independent innovation of wind power industry, and from the enterprise level. Wind power enterprises should strengthen their ability to resist risks, speed up their march to the international market, and actively expand overseas wind power markets.
【学位授予单位】：江南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F426.61

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