某航天单机产品多项目管理研究

发布时间：2018-01-28 21:31

本文关键词： 航天单机产品多项目管理矩阵式结构关键链技术　出处：《南京航空航天大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来中国航天的快速发展为增强综合国力和维护国家安全提供了重要保障。相比发达国家而言,我国航天企业的科技水平还有相当的差距,在管理方面则落后得更多。对于科研项目管理的研究往往滞后于科研技术,出现了“管理创新拖科研创新后腿”、“组织协调功能弱化”的局面。目前,我国航天企业尤其一些大型企业都已经认识到了项目管理对于研发项目成功的重要性,并建立起了新产品研发项目的管理体系,针对单个航天单机产品的研发项目的管理积累了比较丰富的经验,但现有的航天单机产品研发管理及运作模式已不能完全适应航天企业产品多品种、小批量的特点。对航天企业产品特征所决定的产品研发多项目并存,并且争夺资源的现状,传统的管理方法和仅仅针对单项目的管理方案和技术显得力不从心。本题在航天型号任务和科研创新工作并举的双重需求形式下,采用理论与实践相结合的分析方法,按照调查研究、提出问题、分析问题、解决问题的研究思路,以航天J公司为例进行研究,最终分析出我国航天企业多项目的研制和管理中可能普遍存在的组织结构及计划管理方面的共同性问题,提出多项目研制管理中组织机构设置及项目进度计划管理的对策和实施策略。组织机构管理方面,J公司在多项目并举的形势下,原有直线职能型结构已出现多种弊端,本题深入探索航天J公司的矩阵管理模式,并设计相应的管理方案,并通过程过评估,发现运行过程中存在的一系列问题,提出“第一责任人公司室”、“矩阵式设计团队子模型”等优化改进措施,最终节约了管理成本,提高了管理效率。在项目进度计划管理方面,采用关键链技术开展多项目管理的探索。结合J公司A产品多项目计划进度管理实例,在关键链识别、缓冲区设置及管理的同时,提出了基于优先级和瓶颈资源的项目排序的方法和重要意义,充分分析了基于优先级的项目排序等重要环节。最终通过合理的分配项目资源,使工作效率得到大大提高。并且通过完善项目工期计划以及实现对项目实际工期的有效控制,最终达到项目按计划完成目标。对整个航天行业乃至军工产品的多项目管理的深入研究起到抛砖引玉的作用。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the rapid development of China's space industry has provided an important guarantee for enhancing the overall national strength and safeguarding national security. Compared with the developed countries, the scientific and technological level of Chinese aerospace enterprises is still quite far from that of the developed countries. In the aspect of management, the research of scientific research project management often lags behind the scientific research technology, and the situation of "management innovation delays scientific research innovation" and "the function of organization and coordination weakens". China's aerospace enterprises, especially some large enterprises, have realized the importance of project management for the success of R & D projects, and established a new product R & D project management system. The management of single aerospace product R & D project has accumulated rich experience, but the existing single aerospace product R & D management and operation mode can not fully adapt to the variety of spaceflight enterprise products. The characteristics of small batch. The multi-projects of product development decided by the characteristics of spaceflight enterprises exist side by side, and the status quo of competing for resources. The traditional management method and the management scheme and technology for a single project seem to be inadequate. This topic is in the dual demand form of the aerospace model task and scientific research and innovation work. This paper adopts the analytical method of combining theory with practice, according to the investigation and research, puts forward the question, analyzes the question, solves the problem research thought, takes the aerospace J company as an example to carry on the research. Finally, the paper analyzes the commonality of organizational structure and plan management in the development and management of multi-project space enterprises in China. This paper puts forward the countermeasures and implementation strategies of organization setup and project schedule management in multi-project development management. There are many drawbacks in the original linear functional structure. This paper explores the matrix management mode of Aerospace J Company, designs the corresponding management scheme, and evaluates the process. Found a series of problems in the operation process, put forward the "first responsible company room", "matrix design team sub-model" and other optimization improvement measures, and ultimately saved the management costs. Improve the efficiency of management. In the project schedule management, use the key chain technology to explore the multi-project management. Combined with J company A product multi-project schedule management example, identify the key chain. At the same time, the method and significance of project sorting based on priority and bottleneck resource are put forward while the buffer is set and managed. This paper fully analyzes the priority based project ranking and other important links. Finally, through the rational allocation of project resources. Improve the work efficiency greatly. And by improving the project duration plan and achieve the effective control of the actual project duration. Finally, the project will be completed according to the plan, and the further research on the multi-project management of the whole aerospace industry and even the military industry will play an important role in guiding the development of the project.
【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F273.2;F426.5

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