LED产业下企业由OEM向OBM转型升级的研究

发布时间：2018-02-14 04:15

本文关键词： LED产业 OEM OBM 转型　出处：《上海交通大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着电子技术的快速发展和照明技术水平的不断提升,LED照明产品凭借高效、节能、环保以及丰富多样的设计迅速发展成为21世纪最具发展潜力的产业之一,带动了第三次照明革命。在全球经济一体化进程不断深化的背景下,LED照明产业在全球范围内形成了较长的产业链和价值链,各国LED照明产业凭借其比较优势差异嵌入全球LED照明产业链之中,通过积极开展分工与协作并获取相应的利润。我国LED照明产业发展初期主要以OEM模式为国外知名照明产业品牌商代工生产LED照明产品,经过多年发展已成为世界第一大照明电器生产国,位于利润空间较大的产业链上游,但LED产业作为技术引导型产业,核心技术和研发创新能力决定了企业在价值链中的地位,而国内LED照明产业虽然在近年来国家大力扶持下研发水平得以快速提升,但LED照明产业的核心技术、核心材料和专业设备仍然受制于国外,尤其是高端芯片及生产装置都需要从国外进口,以OEM代工生产为主的产业结构没有得到根本性改变,从而决定了国内LED照明产业虽然位于产业链上游但却处于全球价值链的底层,LED照明企业OEM代工生产能够获取的利润仅占整个产业链价值的30%。尤其是在当前低劳动力成本优势正遭受来自印度、越南等国强烈冲击的情况下,业务量和利润增长均呈现萎缩的态势。因此为了获取更多利润,实现可持续发展,根据全球价值链理论,国内LED代工企业必须走OEM向OBM转型升级的道路。本文在梳理国内外有关代工生产模式、全球价值链、产业升级等相关理论的基础上,确定了OEM转为OBM的路径是代工企业发展壮大可以采取的有效转型升级路径,并且通过对国内外LED照明产业发展现状的分析,指出国内OEM代工光源企业在当前LED照明市场拥有广阔发展前景的形势下,应当抓住有利发展契机进入LED光源市场,逐步由OEM代工生产向OBM转型升级。在此基础上,本文选择SG电子有限公司公司作为研究对象,通过对该公司财务报表分析验证了OEM光源代工企业盈利能力正在呈现下降趋势,为了长远发展,应当在国内外LED照明产业成为光源市场主导的形势下,由过去市场空间狭小的PAR灯OEM经营向LED照明产品OBM经营转型升级,进而运用SWOT分析法对SG电子有限公司公司转型升级现存的优劣势以及面临的机遇和挑战进行了剖析。本文结合SG电子有限公司实际,组织和人才、资金和技术、供应和销售、品牌建设和风险控制四方面制定有效的转型升级战略,并对此提出了转型升级的战略,以帮助国内OEM光源代工企业转变生产方式,在市场中占据优势地位提供理论指导和经验借鉴
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of electronic technology and the continuous improvement of lighting technology, LED lighting products with high efficiency, energy saving, environmental protection and rich and diverse design have developed rapidly into one of the most potential industries in 21th century. Led to the third lighting revolution. In the context of the deepening process of global economic integration, LED lighting industry has formed a longer industrial chain and value chain in the global scope. The LED lighting industry of various countries is embedded in the global LED lighting industry chain by virtue of its comparative advantages. In the early stage of development of LED lighting industry in China, the OEM model is mainly used as a contract manufacturer to produce LED lighting products for famous lighting industry brands in foreign countries. After years of development, LED has become the world's largest producer of lighting appliances, located in the upstream of the industrial chain with a large profit margin. However, as a technology-oriented industry, the core technology and R & D innovation capability determine the position of the enterprise in the value chain. Although the domestic LED lighting industry has been promoted rapidly under the support of the state in recent years, the core technology, core materials and specialized equipment of the LED lighting industry are still restricted by foreign countries. In particular, high-end chips and production devices need to be imported from abroad, and the industrial structure, which is dominated by OEM contract manufacturing, has not been fundamentally changed. Therefore, the domestic LED lighting industry is located in the upstream of the industrial chain, but it is at the bottom of the global value chain. The profit of the OEM contract manufacturing enterprise can only account for 30% of the value of the whole industry chain, especially in the current low labor. Power cost advantage is suffering from India, Under the strong impact of Vietnam and other countries, both the volume of business and profit growth are shrinking. Therefore, in order to obtain more profits and achieve sustainable development, according to the theory of global value chain, Domestic LED contract enterprises must take the road of OEM transforming and upgrading to OBM. This paper combs the relevant theories of contract manufacturing mode, global value chain, industrial upgrading and so on, at home and abroad. It is determined that the path from OEM to OBM is an effective way for contract enterprises to develop and expand, and through the analysis of the domestic and foreign LED lighting industry development situation, It is pointed out that the domestic OEM contract light source enterprises should seize the favorable development opportunity to enter the LED light source market and gradually transform from the OEM contract production to the OBM under the situation that the LED lighting market has a broad development prospect at present. In this paper, SG Electronics Co., Ltd. is chosen as the research object. Through the analysis of the financial statements of SG Electronics Co., Ltd., it is proved that the profitability of OEM light source contract manufacturing enterprises is declining, in order to develop in the long run. Under the situation that the LED lighting industry at home and abroad has become the dominant light source market, the OEM operation of the PAR lamp with narrow market space in the past should be transformed and upgraded to the OBM operation of the LED lighting product. Then, the advantages and disadvantages, opportunities and challenges of SG Electronics Co., Ltd.'s transformation and upgrading are analyzed by using SWOT analysis. This paper combines the actual situation, organization and talent, capital and technology, supply and sales of SG Electronics Co., Ltd. Four aspects of brand construction and risk control are made, and the strategy of transformation and upgrading is put forward in order to help the domestic OEM light source contract enterprises to transform their production methods. To provide theoretical guidance and experience for reference in the dominant position in the market
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F426.6

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