基于QFD的质量成本控制与灰色评价模型研究

发布时间：2018-03-03 02:07

本文选题：质量成本　切入点：质量功能展开　出处：《浙江大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：对于所有旨在获取足够订单的制造或服务企业而言,质量已经成为最核心的要素之一。许多企业将质量提升为顾客的核心价值,认为提高质量是实现竞争力并在当今复杂的全球竞争环境下获得顾客忠诚的重要策略。但任何试图提高质量的行为都将导致产品或服务成本的提升。如何在提高质量以满足顾客需求的同时控制质量成本,成为政府、企业界和学术界广泛关注的紧迫而又重大的现实问题。质量功能展开(quality function deployment, QFD)作为以顾客需求为中心的产品设计开发及质量管理方法,可实现将不确定的顾客需求转换确定的技术特性。卡诺理论(Kano)能够识别顾客多维度的需求,Kano模型与QFD的集成可依据不同质量特征开发出能够满足顾客需求的产品。失效模式与后果分析(failure mode and effects analysis, FMEA)作为前瞻性的可靠性分析和安全性评估方法,能够与QFD互补以完善产品设计开发。灰色系统理论(grey system theory, GST)作为研究不确定性系统的方法,有助于研究质量水平与质量成本的关系。本文结合以上方法建立了基于QFD的质量成本控制与灰色评价模型。利用QFD与Kano方法将包含质量成本因素的顾客需求转化为产品技术特性及零部件工艺。针对相关零部件,使用FMEA理论对其失效模式及影响进行分析,控制产品在生产以及后续使用阶段的质量稳定性。同时利用灰色系统理论构建质量水平与质量成本的灰色线性回归组合模型,将其用于质量成本预测与控制。本文将模型应用于某电机公司的产品设计改进中,并取得了显着的改进效果。本文的研究成果有： (1)提出基于QFD的质量成本控制与灰色评价模型； (2)利用Kano模型提出损失成本重要度的概念,拓展了QFD的研究； (3)提出基于QFD与熵权法的RPN灰色评价方法,改进了FMEA理论； (4)利用灰色系统理论构建质量水平与质量成本的灰色线性回归组合模型； (5)将模型应用于某电机公司的产品设计开发改进过程。
[Abstract]:Quality has become one of the core elements for all manufacturing or service companies that aim to secure sufficient orders. It is believed that improving quality is an important strategy to achieve competitiveness and gain customer loyalty in today's complex global competitive environment. However, any attempt to improve quality will lead to higher cost of products or services. Quality to meet customer needs while controlling quality costs, Become the government, the business community and academic circles pay close attention to the urgent and important practical issues. Quality function deployment (QFDs) is a customer-oriented approach to product design and development and quality management. The Kano theory can identify the multi-dimensional customer demand and the integration of Kano model with QFD can develop the product that can meet the customer demand according to different quality characteristics. Failure mode and effects Analysis (FMEA) as a prospective reliability analysis and safety assessment method, It can complement QFD to perfect product design and development.The grey system theory is helpful to study the relationship between quality level and quality cost as a method of studying uncertain system. In this paper, a quality cost control and grey evaluation model based on QFD is established. By using QFD and Kano methods, the customer demand including quality cost factors is transformed into product technical characteristics and component technology. The FMEA theory is used to analyze the failure mode and its influence, to control the quality stability of the product in the production and subsequent use stage. At the same time, the grey linear regression model of the quality level and the quality cost is constructed by using the grey system theory. In this paper the model is applied to the improvement of product design in a certain motor company and a remarkable improvement effect is obtained. The research results of this paper are as follows:. 1) put forward the quality cost control and grey evaluation model based on QFD; 2) using Kano model, the concept of loss cost importance is put forward, which extends the research of QFD. 3) the grey evaluation method of RPN based on QFD and entropy weight method is put forward, and the FMEA theory is improved. 4) the grey linear regression model of quality level and quality cost is constructed by using grey system theory. The model is applied to the improvement process of product design and development in a certain electric machine company.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F273.2;F275;F426.61

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