中国与东亚国家零部件贸易结构的比较与升级研究

发布时间：2018-03-11 01:18

本文选题：中国　切入点：东亚　出处：《南京大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：当今世界零部件贸易备受瞩目,传统产品生产工序与流程被拆分成若干个环节(价值链分割),各个国家通过零部件的出口(生产)与进口(组装)充分利用自己的比较优势完成同一产品的生产与组装。东亚相比世界其他区域的零部件贸易发展更为迅猛,而中国在东亚零部件贸易中占有举足轻重的地位。因此研究中国与东亚国家零部件贸易结构的比较与升级现象将有重要现实意义。本文通过引用UN-COMTRADE数据库,统计了2001、2006和2011年中国与东亚国家SITC7和SITC8分类下353种五分位零部件进、出口贸易额,在结合理论分析与实践分析、定性分析与定量分析、统计性描述与实证分析的基础上,借助显性比较优势(RCA)和贸易竞争力(NTB)两个指标对中国与东亚国家的零部件贸易进行了细致对比分析。得出如下结论：东亚地区“雁行模式”模式已经打破,国家间贸易结构和贸易优势的转移并没有按照日本—四小龙—东盟—中国的梯度顺序进行。日本“头雁”的地位在削弱；韩国、新加坡、印度尼西亚、马来西亚、菲律宾国家间的差距不断缩小,打破了“雁行模式”中“雁身”国家间的梯度差异,并且与日本的贸易结构差距缩小；中国并不是“雁行模式”中的“雁尾”：其显性比较优势主要集中在人力资本密集型和技术密集型零部件的生产组装下,且中国在零部件贸易结构上向日本的收敛速度明显比韩国、新加坡、印度尼西亚、马来西亚、菲律宾等其他东亚国家更快。但由于当前东亚各国经济发展水平的差异性和层次性在依然存在,“雁行模式”在一定程度上仍然影响着东亚经济的发展。新形势下,东亚各国在零部件贸易中的角色和发挥的作用有所重叠,贸易关系变得更为紧密：中国与其他国家由竞争型为主的贸易关系转变到互补性为主,东亚其他国家间的贸易互补性也日益增强,这种全新的贸易关系将有助于提升东亚各国零部件贸易的专业性,也会丰富整个东亚生产网络零部件贸易的层次。中国将逐渐成长为带动东亚地区经济贸易增长的引擎,东亚其他国家也将发挥重要作用。最后,本文针对中国如何在改善贸易结构基础上继续提高贸易优势与竞争力,以及就如何实现与东亚其他国家贸易互利共赢方面提出了政策建议。
[Abstract]:The trade in parts and components in the world is attracting much attention. Traditional product production processes and processes are divided into several links (value chain division), each country through the export (production) and import (assembly) of parts and components to make full use of their comparative advantage to complete the production of the same product. Trade in parts and components is growing faster in East Asia than in other regions of the world. However, China plays an important role in the trade of parts and components in East Asia. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study the comparison and upgrading of the trade structure of parts and components between China and East Asian countries. The trade volume of import and export of 353 quintile parts in SITC7 and SITC8 classification between China and East Asian countries in 2001 / 2006 and 2011 was counted. On the basis of theoretical and practical analysis, qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis, statistical description and empirical analysis, By means of explicit comparative advantage (RCA) and trade competitiveness (NTB), this paper makes a detailed comparative analysis on the trade of parts and components between China and East Asian countries. The conclusion is as follows: the "wild goose travel mode" in East Asia has been broken. The transfer of trade structures and trade advantages between countries has not followed the gradient of Japan, the four Little Dragons, the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and China. The position of Japan's "head geese" is weakening; South Korea, Singapore, Indonesia, Malaysia, The gap between the Philippines and Japan has been narrowing, breaking the gradient difference between the "Yanshen" countries in the "Goose Travel Mode" and narrowing the gap between the trade structure of Japan and the Philippines. China is not the "goose tail" in the "Goose Travel Mode": its dominant comparative advantage is concentrated in the production and assembly of human capital intensive and technology-intensive components. And China's convergence to Japan in terms of components trade structure is significantly faster than that of South Korea, Singapore, Indonesia, Malaysia, Other East Asian countries, such as the Philippines, are faster. However, as the differences and levels of economic development among East Asian countries still exist at present, the "wild goose travel model" still affects the economic development of East Asia to a certain extent. The role and role of East Asian countries in the trade of parts and components have overlapped, and trade relations have become closer: China and other countries have changed from competitive trade relations to complementary ones. Trade complementarities among other East Asian countries are also increasing. This brand new trade relationship will help to enhance the professionalism of parts and components trade among East Asian countries. China will gradually grow into an engine of economic and trade growth in East Asia, and other East Asian countries will also play an important role. Finally, This paper puts forward some policy suggestions on how to improve China's trade advantage and competitiveness on the basis of improving its trade structure and how to achieve win-win trade with other East Asian countries.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F426.4;F752.7

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