芜湖开埠与皖江地区手工业研究（1877-1937）

发布时间：2018-03-30 17:57

本文选题：芜湖开埠　切入点：皖江地区　出处：《安徽师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：1876年，芜湖被辟为通商口岸。芜湖开埠影响着皖江地区社会生活的各个方面，在经济领域尤为突出，并逐渐形成以芜湖为中心，，辐射整个皖江地区的经济圈。本文以芜湖开埠为背景，探讨近代皖江地区手工业的发展情况。皖江地区有发展手工业的先天条件，芜湖开埠是皖江地区手工业发展的后天契机。皖江地区手工业随着芜湖的开埠有所变化，逐渐与世界市场接轨。芜湖的进出口贸易对手工业的影响非常大，并且表现出不同的程度：一部分受进出口洋货冲击而衰落；一部分曲折发展；有新式手工业产生；也有部分传统手工艺手工业得到传承与保留。这些变化反映了市场的需求和整个世界市场的形成。皖江地区手工业在近代新条件下，由家庭手工业演变为手工作坊和工场手工业，逐渐产生了资本主义生产方式，出现现代经营管理方式，这些都是新趋势。此外，手工业行会制度逐渐摆脱封建体制，成立近代工商业组织，更好地为手工业服务。近代皖江地区手工业相比机器工业在工业中仍然占主导地位，手工业种类齐全，手工产品商品化程度提高，加强了城市与农村的互动。但是其发展呈不平衡性，尤其是区域和行业上的不平衡，也是城乡二元经济发展的一个普遍特点，手工业发展水平整体并不高，这是由一系列制约性因素造成的。
[Abstract]:In 1876, Wuhu was established as a trade port. Wuhu opened a port that affected all aspects of social life in the Anhui River area, especially in the economic field, and gradually formed Wuhu as the center. This paper discusses the development of handicraft industry in modern Anhui River area against the background of the opening of Wuhu port. There are innate conditions for the development of handicraft industry in the area of Anhui River, and the opening of Wuhu port is the acquired opportunity for the development of handicraft industry in the area of Anhui River, which has changed with the opening of the port of Wuhu. The influence of Wuhu's import and export trade on handicraft industry is very great, and it shows different degrees: part is affected by import and export of foreign goods, part is tortuous development, new handicraft industry is produced; Some of the traditional handicraft industries have also been inherited and preserved. These changes reflect the demand of the market and the formation of the whole world market. The transition from the family handicraft industry to the handicraft workshop and workshop industry gradually led to the capitalist mode of production and the emergence of modern management methods. These are all new trends. In addition, the handicraft guild system is gradually getting rid of the feudal system. The establishment of modern industrial and commercial organizations to better serve the handicraft industry. Compared with the machine industry, handicraft industry in modern Anhui River area still dominates the industry. The handicraft industry has a complete range of types, the degree of commercialization of handicraft products has been improved, and the interaction between cities and rural areas has been strengthened. However, the development of handicraft industry is uneven. Especially the imbalance in region and industry is also a general characteristic of the dual economic development in urban and rural areas. The level of handicraft industry development is not high, which is caused by a series of restrictive factors.
【学位授予单位】：安徽师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F429

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