我国机电产品出口的市场拓展研究

发布时间：2018-05-12 21:42

本文选题：机电产品 + 出口　；参考：《海南大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：2013年我国机电产品出口额居全球第一,已经连续5年保持全球机电产品贸易第一大国的地位。机电产品在拉动我国货物贸易出口方面起到了关键作用,其出口额占商品出口总额的比重也在不断攀升。然而在历经2008年的全球金融危机的冲击以及欧洲主权债务危机不断蔓延的影响,全球经济复苏缓慢,以欧美地区为主要出口市场的机电产品,在欧美市场需求萎靡的情况下出口增长大幅波动,也进一步暴露出我国机电产品对部分出口市场的依赖程度。在全球经济复苏进程缓慢,贸易摩擦不断的大环境下,国际市场需求不足,贸易摩擦升温以及综合成本上升等诸多问题均让我国机电企业出口面临困境。结合当前机电产品出口面临的国内外形势,要想稳定机电产品出口,保持出口可持续发展,必须在充分挖掘现有出口市场潜力的基础上,拓展新市场,转变传统出口思路,在政策、企业、产品等影响出口的诸多方面进行反思,寻找新的战略和发展路径。本文采用定性与定量分析相结合的研究方法,同时在实证分析的基础上进行了规范分析。木文首先对机电产品出口的总体情况进行了描述性分析,包括出口商品结构以及出口市场结构等方面,找出当前机电产品在出口市场拓展方面存在的一系列问题,如对经济发达国家(地区)市场拓展不均衡,而对新兴国家市场拓展程度不够；企业存在一些列管理及融资方面困难,产品存在创新性不够,技术水平不高等问题。针对这些问题,文章主要从产品——市场两个维度对机电产品出口市场拓展进行了分析。产品维度上,文章分析了我国机电产品出口在国际上的竞争力情况,并且从贸易二元边际的角度揭示了我国机电产品的出口增长方式,从而体现我国机电产品出口在供给方面的能力；市场维度上,本文对各主要出口市场进行了定性分析,揭示了对各重点市场的出口特点,分析了影响出口市场拓展的制约因素。同时从定量角度,对主要贸易伙伴国的出口市场潜力进行了测算。结合木文研究分析的结果,本文主要从出口策略、配套服务以及自身竞争力三个方面提出了相应的政策建议。本文认为未来机电产品出口应该继续实施市场多元化出口政策,明确出口市场重点,稳定发达国家市场的同时重点开发新兴国家市场；在明确市场拓展策略的同时需注重综合配套服务的支持,包括政策支持、金融支持以及行业协会支持等；最后还需要提升出口企业素质与产品品质,提高出口企业的整体竞争实力,加大对产品的创新支持等。
[Abstract]:In 2013, China's exports of mechanical and electrical products ranked first in the world, and it has maintained its position as the largest country in the world's electromechanical products trade for five consecutive years. Mechanical and electrical products play a key role in promoting China's export of goods, and the proportion of exports to the total volume of commodity exports is also rising. However, after the impact of the global financial crisis in 2008 and the continuous spread of the sovereign debt crisis in Europe, the global economic recovery has been slow, with Europe and the United States as the main export market for mechanical and electrical products. Under the condition of weak demand in Europe and the United States, export growth fluctuated sharply, which further exposed the degree of dependence of China's mechanical and electrical products on some export markets. Under the environment of slow global economic recovery and constant trade friction, the shortage of international market demand, the rising of trade friction and the rising of comprehensive cost make the export of China's mechanical and electrical enterprises face difficulties. In order to stabilize the export of electromechanical products and maintain the sustainable development of export, we must, on the basis of fully tapping the potential of the existing export market, open up new markets and change the traditional export thinking in order to stabilize the export of mechanical and electrical products at home and abroad. In the policies, enterprises, products and other aspects of the impact on exports to reflect, looking for new strategies and development path. In this paper, the qualitative and quantitative analysis method is adopted, and the normative analysis is carried out on the basis of empirical analysis. First of all, the paper makes a descriptive analysis on the general situation of the export of mechanical and electrical products, including the structure of export commodities and the structure of export market, and finds out a series of problems existing in the development of export market of current mechanical and electrical products. For example, the market expansion of developed countries (regions) is not balanced, but the degree of market expansion to emerging countries is not enough; the enterprises have some difficulties in management and financing, the innovation of products is not enough, and the level of technology is not high. Aiming at these problems, this paper analyzes the export market of mechanical and electrical products from two dimensions of product-market. In terms of product dimension, the article analyzes the competitiveness of China's export of mechanical and electrical products in the world, and reveals the export growth mode of China's mechanical and electrical products from the perspective of the dual marginal value of trade. In the market dimension, this paper makes qualitative analysis on the main export markets, reveals the export characteristics of the key markets, and analyzes the restrictive factors that affect the expansion of export markets. At the same time, from a quantitative point of view, the export market potential of major trading partners is measured. Based on the results of the research and analysis, this paper puts forward the corresponding policy suggestions from three aspects: export strategy, supporting service and competitiveness. This paper holds that the export of mechanical and electrical products in the future should continue to implement market diversification export policy, clear export market focus, stabilize the markets of developed countries and focus on the development of emerging countries market; At the same time, we should pay attention to the support of comprehensive supporting services, including policy support, financial support and industry association support. Finally, we also need to improve the quality of export enterprises and product quality. Improve the overall competitive strength of export enterprises, increase innovative support for products.
【学位授予单位】：海南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F752.62;F426.61

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