深圳市电梯维保行业监察问题研究

发布时间：2018-06-18 23:53

本文选题：电梯 + 维保行业　；参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：电梯作为特种设备，关乎公共安全，历来为各级政府和人民群众所关注。而维保对电梯安全运行的至关重要。深圳市作为电梯进入市场早，数量较多的城市，监察人员配备却严重不足，其监察方式较为陈旧和落后，迫切需要完善电梯维保监察方式，从以执法监督为主的行政管制向符合市场经济规律的多元治理转变，通过提高电梯维保监察质态。如此才能提高电梯维保质量，保障人民群众乘梯安全。首先用信息理论对电梯维保行业监管提供分析和解决理论基础，认为电梯维保单位现在维保质量低下，不按规定维保电梯，造成电梯安全隐患的原因就是电梯维保单位在信息偏在的情况下，采取投机主义行为。笔者从客观条件和主观动机和责任制等方面阐述在信息理论下电梯维保单位不按规定依法维保的原因，并根据信息理论提出维保单位监察的必然路径选择就是电梯维保监察信息对称。在以上理论基础上，对电梯维保单位的问题进行研究分析，提出电梯维保监察问题主要是电梯数量以及电梯维保监察量巨大与电梯维保监察力量严重缺乏的矛盾。一方面电梯监察量巨大主要源于电梯使用单位与维保单位均存在多而杂的，另一方面电梯维保监察人员少且专业能力不够，监察方式主要以运动式和粗放式为主。不仅如此，监察中存在的熟人背景以及维保单位退出机制不畅的问题使得安全监察工作无法达到令行禁止，总体而言，安全监察效率较低，威慑力不足，直接造成电梯维保单位维保质量因监察不力，呈现整体维保低下的状态，严重威胁民众生命财产安全。为了将电梯维保监察部门从沉重的电梯维保监察任务中解脱出来，提高电梯维保监察部门监察质量、效率和责任意识，保证电梯维保监察质量，，保障民众乘梯安全。达到有效治理电梯维保行业，笔者提出了五方面完善策略以达到电梯维保行业信息对称：完善电子政务、建立“黑名单”制度、建立电梯维保单位强制信息公开机制、强化电梯维保单位自律监察体制和电梯维保行业监察信息反馈体制等。
[Abstract]:Elevator as a special equipment, related to public safety, has always been concerned by governments and people at all levels. And maintenance is very important to the safe operation of elevator. As a city where elevators enter the market early and in a large number, Shenzhen has a serious shortage of supervisory personnel, and its supervision methods are relatively old and backward. Therefore, it is urgent to improve the supervision methods of elevator maintenance and protection. From the administrative control based on law enforcement and supervision to the pluralistic governance in accordance with the law of market economy, the quality of elevator maintenance and supervision is improved. Only in this way can we improve the quality of elevator maintenance and ensure the safety of the people riding the elevator. First of all, the information theory is used to analyze and solve the theoretical basis of elevator maintenance industry supervision. It is considered that elevator maintenance and maintenance units are of low quality and do not maintain elevators according to regulations. The cause of elevator safety hidden trouble is that elevator maintenance unit adopts speculative behavior under the condition of information deviation. From objective conditions, subjective motives and responsibility system, the author expounds the reasons why elevator maintenance and protection units do not comply with the regulations in the information theory. According to the information theory, it is suggested that the necessary path choice of maintenance unit supervision is the symmetry of elevator maintenance supervision information. On the basis of the above theory, the problem of elevator maintenance and maintenance unit is studied and analyzed. It is pointed out that the main problem of elevator maintenance supervision is the contradiction between the number of elevators and the huge quantity of elevator maintenance supervision and the serious lack of elevator maintenance supervision power. On the one hand, the large quantity of elevator supervision is mainly due to the existence of a large number of elevator units and maintenance units, on the other hand, the elevator maintenance and maintenance supervisors are few and lack of professional ability. Moreover, the background of acquaintances in supervision and the poor exit mechanism of maintenance and security units make the work of safety supervision unable to achieve the ban. Overall, the efficiency of safety supervision is low and the deterrent is insufficient. As a direct result, the quality of maintenance and security of elevator maintenance unit is weak, and the overall maintenance and maintenance is low, which seriously threatens the safety of people's life and property. In order to free the elevator maintenance supervision department from the heavy task of elevator maintenance supervision, improve the quality, efficiency and responsibility consciousness of elevator maintenance supervision department, ensure the quality of elevator maintenance supervision and ensure the safety of people riding the ladder. To achieve effective management of elevator maintenance and maintenance industry, the author puts forward five perfect strategies to achieve information symmetry in elevator maintenance and maintenance industry: perfecting e-government, establishing "blacklist" system, establishing mandatory information disclosure mechanism of elevator maintenance and maintenance unit. Strengthen the elevator maintenance unit self-discipline supervision system and elevator maintenance industry supervision information feedback system.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F426.4

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