基于U型布局的制造单元构建研究及应用

发布时间：2018-06-19 01:19

本文选题：单元制造系统 + 单元构建　；参考：《浙江工业大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：制造业在作为我国国民经济支柱产业的同时,也是国家竞争力的一种体现方式。单元制造系统因其“三高一低”(效率高、柔性高、质量高、成本低)的显著特点已经成为了现如今制造业发展的主要趋势。与此同时,单元制造技术因为能够把大批量制造的经济性和中小批量制造的灵活性有效结合起来,已经引起了众多学者和企业家的关注。单元构建是单元制造的重要组成部分,同时也是单元制造的基础。本文以U型制造单元为研究对象,以总的物流费用和负荷差惩罚成本最小为目标,对单元构建进行了一些研究,主要内容包括：首先,基于设备的U型布局,综合考虑了零件的需求信息及多工艺路径问题,设备能力的限制等多种企业生产中的实际因素,通过数学规划法,以单元内和单元间总的物流费用最小和设备负荷差惩罚成本最小为目标函数,建立了单元构建的数学模型。其次,通过对遗传算法的基本概念及其流程的了解,引入了一个数值算例,应用遗传算法,对单元构建的数学模型进行求解,得出了一个最优单元划分方案,验证了模型的可行性。而在遗传算法的具体操作过程当中,本文将“轮盘赌选择法”和“最佳个体保留法”进行了有机的结合,从而让目标函数可以更快更好地收敛于最优解。最后,结合SXZR机械制造有限公司的实际情况,在详细调研和数据分析的基础上,针对该公司链条机加工车间的现状和存在的问题,将本文研究的单元构建技术应用于该车间的精益生产布局改造,即：实行单元式制造,并对车间内的设备进行单元化U型布置。实际运营结果表明：重构后的单元间和单元内的总物流费用的控制和设备的负荷均衡性这两大指标均得到了明显的改进,也就是说,大大降低了物流费用,均衡了设备的负荷,提高了生产效率。
[Abstract]:As the pillar industry of our national economy, manufacturing industry is also the embodiment of national competitiveness. Cell manufacturing system has become the main trend of manufacturing development nowadays because of its remarkable characteristics of "three high and one low" (high efficiency, high flexibility, high quality and low cost). At the same time, cell manufacturing technology has attracted the attention of many scholars and entrepreneurs because it can effectively combine the economy of mass manufacturing with the flexibility of medium and small batch manufacturing. Cell building is an important part of cell manufacturing, and it is also the basis of cell manufacturing. In this paper, we take U type manufacturing unit as the research object, take the total logistics cost and load difference penalty cost as the goal, and do some research on the unit construction. The main contents are as follows: first, the U-type layout based on the equipment. Considering the demand information of parts and the problems of multi-process path, the limitation of equipment capacity and other practical factors in the production of many enterprises, the mathematical programming method is adopted. Taking the minimum total logistics cost and the minimum penalty cost of equipment load difference as objective functions, the mathematical model of unit construction is established. Secondly, through the understanding of the basic concept and flow of genetic algorithm, a numerical example is introduced, and the mathematical model of unit construction is solved by using genetic algorithm, and an optimal unit partition scheme is obtained. The feasibility of the model is verified. In the process of operation of genetic algorithm, this paper combines the "roulette selection method" and "best individual retention method" organically, so that the objective function can converge to the optimal solution faster and better. Finally, combined with the actual situation of SXZR Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd., on the basis of detailed investigation and data analysis, aiming at the current situation and existing problems of chain machining workshop of SXZR, The unit construction technology studied in this paper is applied to the lean production layout transformation of the workshop, that is, the unit manufacturing is carried out, and the equipment in the workshop is arranged in a unit U shape. The actual operation results show that the control of the total logistics cost and the load balance of the equipment have been improved obviously, that is to say, the logistics cost is greatly reduced and the load of the equipment is balanced. The production efficiency is improved.
【学位授予单位】：浙江工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F424;TP18

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