我国乳制品产业区域竞争力分析

发布时间：2018-07-10 04:45

本文选题：乳制品产业 + 区域竞争力　；参考：《西南财经大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国的乳制品产业发展可追溯到新中国成立之初,但是真正进入高速发展阶段是在1978年改革开放之后。目前,乳制品产业已经成为我国解决就业、推进农业结构调整、带动农民致富的重要产业,甚至在一些地区已经成为了当地的主导产业。从乳业发展来看,奶牛存栏数从1949年的12万头增加到2011年的1420万头,奶类总产量更是由1949年的21.7万吨增长到2011年的3825万吨。截止2011年,全国规模以上乳品企业工业总产值达2361.3亿元,直接就业人数达到23万余人。同时,政府也非常关注乳制品产业的发展,国家陆续推出一系列政策和措施,为我国乳制品产业的发展提供了良好的产业环境。乳制品产业作为一个处于成长期的朝阳产业,具有广阔的市场空间和发展潜力。 2008年三鹿奶粉事件的爆发,对我国乳制品产业造成了巨大的打击。国内消费者对国产乳制品信心的缺失,使得我国乳制品产业的发展陷入了极大的困境。虽然经过了几年的恢复之后情况有所好转,但是面对国外乳制品的低价冲击,如何进一步增强消费者的市场信心,提升乳制品产业竞争力便成了一个亟需解决的问题。本文的研究意义体现在理论意义和实践意义两个方面。理论方面,本文在迈克尔·波特的“钻石模型”的基础上,分析影响我国乳制品产业竞争力的众多因素,并构建相应的竞争力评价体系,对以后乳制品产业竞争力分析的理论框架有一定的探索作用。实践方面,本文通过定性分析和定量分析的结果,分析了影响我国乳制品产业区域竞争力的关键因素,并针对各个区域乳制品产业的发展特点和不足,提出相应的政策建议,对我国各区域的乳制品产业的健康和均衡发展有着重要的现实意义。本文以我国乳制品产业为研究对象,区域产业竞争力理论为基础。首先对产业竞争力及其评价的相关文献进行梳理,然后对我国乳制品产业的发展情况、区域分布特征以及竞争态势进行分析,进而研究我国乳制品产业区域竞争力的影响因素,最终构建了我国乳制品产业区域竞争力的评价体系,并使用因子分析进行定量分析。具体来看,本文可以分为以下六章：第一章：绪论。通过研究的背景和意义指出文章写作的必要性,并介绍文章的研究内容、拟采用的研究方法和可能的创新之处。第二章：理论来源及文献综述。系统总结国内外产业竞争力研究的理论基础、发展和产业竞争力评价分析的典型模型,以及区域产业竞争力的定义、来源、影响因素和评价方法。为后文对我国乳制产业区域竞争力分析的研究框架的选取、影响因素分析和评价指标的构建提供理论基础。第三章：我国乳制品产业发展和竞争分析。在阐述我国乳制品产业的发展概况和现状的基础上,对乳制品产业的区域分布特征和竞争态势做了详细的分析。第四章：我国乳制品产业区域竞争力的影响因素分析及评价体系构建。首先,在迈克尔·波特的“钻石”模型的基础上,结合我国乳制品产业的发展特点,分析影响我国乳制品产业的影响因素,并根据数据的可获得性,以及评价体系指标的选取原则,选取了九个评价指标,构建了包含产业基础、产业规模、产业绩效以及产业安全四个评价内容的评价体系。第五章：我国乳制品产业区域竞争力的实证分析。根据所获得的数据以及构建的乳制品产业区域竞争力评价体系,运用因子分析法进行实证分析,找出了众多因素当中影响区域竞争力最为关键的几个因素,并且通过区域之间各因子的排名情况,以及总得分的情况,将这些区域进行归类,分析其在竞争中所具备的优势和劣势以及各区域乳制品产业在竞争中的地位。第六章：结论和建议。首先,在全文分析的基础上,本文主要得到了以下三个结论：(1)影响我国各区域乳制品产业竞争力差异的因素主要有三个：产业基础与效益、产业需求和产业安全。(2)不同区域在影响乳制品产业竞争力的三个因素上各有优劣。而产业基础和效益因子对排名的影响程度最大。(3)华北平原和东北地区是我国乳制品产业最具竞争力的区域,我国中西部地区的乳制品产业的竞争力最为薄弱。继而,根据所得出的结论提出了提高我国各区域乳制品产业竞争力的对策：(1)对于我国乳制品产业最具竞争力的几个区域,如内蒙古和黑龙江,应该进一步加强基础设施建设,完善监督管理制度,全面提高奶源的产量和质量,以此来稳固在乳制品产业基础方面的竞争力。(2)对于一些产业基础先天不足但总排名依旧处在全国中上游的优势区域,如上海、山东、广东、北京和江苏等区域,这些区域由于自然资源禀赋与内蒙古和黑龙江等区域相去甚远,在很长一段时期内无法在产业基础层面对以上区域进行超越,那么可以重点从企业层面的竞争力着手。(3)对于乳制品产业竞争力排名落后的区域,如甘肃、贵州、云南和海南等区域,这些区域的乳制品产业发展应以稳妥为主,切忌急功近利,须优先发展区域内具有特色或优势的其他产业,从而带动整体产业的发展,提升区域的经济发展水平。以区域内整体经济水平的提高来带动乳制品产业的协同发展。最后,本文的不足之处在于没有在评价体系里体现出政府行为和机遇对区域乳制品产业竞争力的影响。而且产业竞争力是一个不断变化的动态的过程,由于本文采用的评价方法是因子分析法,是对国内各区域乳制品产业竞争力状态的一个静态比较,所以不能反映乳制品产业区域竞争力的动态变化。
[Abstract]:The development of dairy industry in China can be traced back to the beginning of the founding of new China. But after the reform and opening up in 1978, the dairy industry has become an important industry to solve the employment, promote the adjustment of the agricultural structure, drive the farmers to become rich, and even become the leading local production in some areas. From the development of dairy industry, the number of dairy cows increased from 120 thousand in 1949 to 14 million 200 thousand in 2011, and the total milk production increased from 217 thousand tons in 1949 to 38 million 250 thousand tons in 2011. By 2011, the total industrial output value of dairy enterprises above the national scale reached 236 billion 130 million yuan, and the number of direct employment reached more than 23 million. Meanwhile, the government was also very good. Concerned with the development of dairy industry, a series of policies and measures have been introduced in China, which provide a good industrial environment for the development of dairy industry in China. As a sunrise industry in the growing period, dairy industry has a broad market space and potential for development.
The outbreak of the Sanlu milk powder incident in 2008 has caused a great blow to the dairy industry in China. The lack of domestic consumers' confidence in domestic dairy products has made the development of the dairy industry in our country a great predicament. Although after several years of recovery, the situation has improved, but how to face the low price impact of foreign dairy products To further enhance consumer confidence and enhance the competitiveness of dairy industry has become an urgent problem.
The significance of this paper is embodied in two aspects of theoretical and practical significance. In theory, on the basis of Michael Porter's "Diamond Model", this paper analyzes the many factors that affect the competitiveness of dairy industry in China, and constructs a corresponding competitiveness evaluation system, which has a theoretical framework for the analysis of the competitiveness of the dairy industry. In practice, through the results of qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis, this paper analyzes the key factors that affect the regional competitiveness of dairy products industry in China, and puts forward corresponding policy suggestions in view of the development characteristics and shortcomings of dairy products industry in each region, and makes a healthy and balanced development of dairy products industry in various regions of China. The exhibition has an important practical significance.
This paper is based on the research object of dairy industry in China and the theory of regional industrial competitiveness. Firstly, it combs the related literature of industrial competitiveness and its evaluation, and then analyzes the development of dairy industry, regional distribution characteristics and competition situation in China, and studies the influence of regional competitiveness of dairy industry in China. Finally, the evaluation system of regional competitiveness of dairy industry in China is constructed, and the quantitative analysis is carried out using factor analysis. In particular, this paper can be divided into the following six chapters:
The first chapter: introduction. Through the background and significance of the research, it points out the necessity of writing, and introduces the content of the article, the research methods and possible innovations that are to be adopted.
The second chapter: theoretical source and literature review. A systematic summary of the theoretical basis of the research on industrial competitiveness at home and abroad, the typical model of development and the evaluation and analysis of industrial competitiveness, and the definition, source, influencing factors and evaluation methods of regional industrial competitiveness are selected for the research framework for the analysis of regional competitiveness of China's dairy industry in the latter part. The analysis of factors and the establishment of evaluation indicators provide a theoretical basis.
The third chapter: the development and competition analysis of dairy industry in China. On the basis of the development and present situation of the dairy industry in China, the regional distribution characteristics and competition situation of dairy industry are analyzed in detail.
The fourth chapter: analysis and evaluation system construction of the regional competitiveness of dairy industry in China. First, on the basis of Michael Potter's "diamond" model, combined with the development characteristics of dairy industry in China, this paper analyzes the influencing factors of the dairy industry in China, and according to the availability of data and the index of evaluation system. Nine principles were selected, and four evaluation systems including industrial foundation, industrial scale, industrial performance and industrial safety were constructed.
The fifth chapter is an empirical analysis of the regional competitiveness of dairy industry in China. Based on the data obtained and the constructed regional competitiveness evaluation system of dairy industry, this paper uses factor analysis to find out the most important factors which affect the regional competitiveness among the many factors, and through the factors among the regions. The status of the ranking, as well as the total score, are classified, and the advantages and disadvantages in the competition and the status of the dairy industry in the competition are analyzed.
The sixth chapter: conclusions and suggestions. First, on the basis of the full text analysis, this paper mainly obtains the following three conclusions: (1) there are three factors affecting the competitiveness of dairy products industry in various regions in China: industrial base and benefit, industrial demand and industrial safety. (2) the three factors affecting the competitiveness of dairy industry in different regions. The industrial base and the benefit factor have the greatest impact on the ranking. (3) the North China Plain and the Northeast are the most competitive regions in China's dairy industry, and the competitiveness of the dairy industry is the weakest in the central and western regions of China. Countermeasures: (1) for the most competitive areas in China's dairy industry, such as Inner Mongolia and Heilongjiang, we should further strengthen the infrastructure construction, improve the supervision and management system, improve the production and quality of milk sources in an all-round way, so as to stabilize the competitiveness of the dairy industry base. (2) for some industrial foundations But the total ranking is still in the superior areas of the middle and upper reaches of the country, such as Shanghai, Shandong, Guangdong, Beijing and Jiangsu. These regions are far from the regions of Inner Mongolia and Heilongjiang because of natural resource endowments. In a long period of time, the above areas can not be surpassed on the industrial base level, so it is possible to focus on the enterprises. On the level of competitiveness. (3) for the regions with backward competitiveness of dairy industry, such as Gansu, Guizhou, Yunnan and Hainan, the development of dairy products in these regions should be stable, and avoid quick success and immediate benefits, and should give priority to the development of other industries with characteristics or advantages in the region, so as to promote the development of the whole industry and promote the development of the whole industry. The level of regional economic development is to promote the coordinated development of dairy industry based on the improvement of the overall economic level in the region.
Finally, the deficiency of this article lies in the lack of the influence of government behavior and opportunity on the competitiveness of regional dairy industry in the evaluation system. Moreover, the industrial competitiveness is a dynamic and dynamic process, because the evaluation method used in this paper is factor analysis, and it is the competitive state of dairy products industry in every region. A static comparison can not reflect the dynamic change of regional competitiveness of dairy industry.
【学位授予单位】：西南财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F426.82;F271

【参考文献】