延续与革新:近代甘肃手工业问题研究

发布时间：2018-08-01 17:16

【摘要】：20世纪初叶到四十年代,甘肃的传统手工业保持了继续发展的状态,尤其是本省原料比较充足的毛纺织业、土布、造纸、皮革等行业显示出了较好的发展势头,有些从原来的副业发展为主业。特别是抗战时期,由于政府提倡和民众生活需要,不仅旧有的手工业发展很快,还出现了一些新兴手工业,使近代甘肃手工业出现了短暂的"黄金时期"。在各种经营方式中,家庭和挑贩经营依然是农村手工业经营的主要方式,市镇作坊、官营和合作社逐渐成为抗战时期手工业经营的主流方式,而且在社会经济和农家生活中占有重要的地位。近代甘肃手工业延续与革新的主要因素是手工业在农家经济生活中仍然占有重要的地位,既可解决农家生活的需求,使手工业产品有广阔的市场空间.又可消化一部分农业生产中剩余的劳动力;国民政府在抗战时期金融政策也是手工业发展不可或缺的因素,银行资本在一定程度上帮助手工业解决了资金困难,给外来难民提供了技术支撑,这些都成为手工业延续与发展的原动力。
[Abstract]:From the beginning of the 20th century to the 1940s, the traditional handicraft industry in Gansu maintained a state of continuous development, especially in the wool textile industry, soil cloth, paper making, leather and other industries, which had more abundant raw materials in the province, showing a good momentum of development. Some developed from the original sideline into the main business. Especially during the Anti-Japanese War, because the government advocated and the people needed to live, not only the old handicraft industry developed rapidly, but also some new handicraft industries appeared, which made the modern Gansu handicraft industry appear a short "golden period". Among the various modes of operation, the family and the hawkers are still the main forms of rural handicraft business, and the town workshops, government operations and cooperatives have gradually become the mainstream mode of the handicraft business during the War of Resistance against Japan. And in the social economy and rural life occupies an important position. The main factor of the continuation and innovation of handicraft industry in modern Gansu Province is that handicraft industry still occupies an important position in the economic life of farmers, which can not only solve the needs of farmers' life, but also provide broad market space for handicraft products. It can also absorb some of the surplus labor in agricultural production, and the financial policy of the National Government was also an indispensable factor in the development of handicraft industry during the War of Resistance against Japan. To a certain extent, bank capital helped the handicraft industry to solve its financial difficulties. To provide technical support to the refugees, these have become the continuation and development of handicraft industry.
【作者单位】：陕西师范大学;
【基金】：2013年教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目阶段性成果,批准号:13JJD770020
【分类号】：F426.8

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