基于TOC的工程机械中小企业库存管理研究

发布时间：2018-09-18 12:05

【摘要】：S公司是一家外资的矿山工程机械制造企业,其生产模式是面向订单的多品种小批量生产。近年来工程机械行业的发展进入低谷期,同样也导致了S公司的发展缓慢。在与同行业竞争对手的分析对比中发现S公司的管理成本过高,通过分析后发现,库存过高是导致管理成本过高的主要原因。因此本文旨在解决S公司的库存管理问题。论文引入了约束理论(TOC)的概念对企业物流现状进行分析,并提出了优化在制品库存的方案。首先是利用Excel VBA设计了标准化作业模板,模版可以制作SOP,同时导出看板标准件的用量数据及相关的生产数据。看板标准件的数据能规范化此类零件的管理,而生产数据能用来识别瓶颈工序。通过TOC的思维对瓶颈工序设置缓冲,其他工序则按节拍建立拉式生产系统,以此降低了大量的在制品库存。论文分析了S公司的原材料库存,建立了根据历史订单与预测的动态库存模型,通过该模型能够了解不同的库存状态下能满足的客户需求比例,由管理层对库存水平做出决策。最后通过满足客户需求的比例来指导采购员设置各个零件的安全库存量。论文的研究成果应用在S公司的实际生产运营过程中,得到了较好的效果。
[Abstract]:S Company is a foreign-funded mining construction machinery manufacturing enterprise, its production model is order oriented multi-variety small batch production. In recent years, the development of construction machinery industry has entered a low period, which also leads to the slow development of S Company. It is found that the management cost of S Company is too high in comparison with the competitors in the same industry. After analysis, it is found that the excessive inventory is the main reason leading to the high management cost. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to solve the inventory management problem of S Company. This paper introduces the concept of constraint theory (TOC) to analyze the current situation of enterprise logistics, and puts forward a scheme to optimize WIP inventory. First of all, the standardized work template is designed by using Excel VBA. The template can be used to make SOP, and to export the data of Kanban standard parts and related production data at the same time. Kanban standard parts data can standardize the management of such parts, and production data can be used to identify bottleneck processes. Through the thinking of TOC, the bottleneck process is cushioned, while the other processes are set up according to the rhythm to establish the pull-type production system, thus reducing a large number of in-process inventory. This paper analyzes the stock of raw materials in S Company and establishes a dynamic inventory model based on historical order and forecast. Through this model we can understand the proportion of customer demand that can be satisfied under different inventory state and make decisions on inventory level by management. Finally, through the proportion of customer needs to guide the buyer to set up each part of the safety inventory. The research results are applied in the actual production and operation of S Company, and good results are obtained.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F274;F426.4

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