S炼铁厂原燃料库存管理优化研究

发布时间：2018-10-22 16:02

【摘要】：当前国内钢铁产业集中度偏低,钢铁企业无序发展,导致钢铁产能严重过剩,钢铁产品市场供大于求；同时,国内钢铁企业对进口矿的依存度较高,国际矿业巨头凭借其垄断地位不断提高进口矿价格,国内钢铁企业受上下游双向挤压,生产成本高,赢利能力大幅下降。内降成本已经是国内钢铁企业重点考虑的问题。库存成本是企业物流成本的重要部分,因此库存管理优化是企业挖潜增效、拓宽利润空间的有效渠道。尤其对于钢铁企业,大部分钢铁企业原燃料占用企业流动资金达70%以上,并且种类繁多、数量巨大,所以利用先进的管理手段和科学方法合理地优化原燃料库存管理,能够使企业在满足生产需要的同时,降低不必要的库存成本,加速企业的资金周转,是提高企业盈利水平的重要手段。本文以S炼铁厂原燃料库存管理优化为研究对象,通过实地调查,收集大量的资料和数据,并对数据进行统计分析,寻找S炼铁厂原燃料库存管理方面存在的问题及其根源。采用定性分析和定量分析及实地研究等方法,分别对S炼铁厂原燃料库存业务管理和原燃料的库存控制进行了较为全面而细致的研究,并结合多种库存管理方法和库存控制策略以解决S炼铁厂原燃料库存管理方面存在的问题。首先,在原燃料库存业务管理方面,本文通过结合层次分析法和整数规划理论,建立了一个能够综合考虑铁矿石种类、产地、料场使用空间、设备利用率等因素的多准则库位选择决策模型,从而替代传统的经验型人工库位选择模式,以期解决主矿石料场运作效率低的问题。其次,在原燃料库存控制方面,本文运用基于时间序列季节性指数的需求预测方法,对S炼铁厂主要原燃料进行科学预测,以期提高企业需求预测的准确性；然后针对S炼铁厂原燃料的库存特点,考虑资金占用、价格波动及消耗量因素,利用聚类分析对原燃料进行了科学的分类,并且针对不同类别原燃料特点,分别从采购成本和库存成本角度提出了两种库存控制策略,以期解决企业原燃料分类不明确、缺乏库存控制策略的问题,从而提高存货周转率。通过以上优化方法的应用研究,可以为S炼铁厂提供一定的指导和借鉴。
[Abstract]:At present, the concentration of domestic iron and steel industry is on the low side, and the iron and steel enterprises are developing disorderly, which leads to serious overcapacity of steel and iron and steel products in the market. At the same time, the dependence of domestic iron and steel enterprises on imported mines is relatively high. With its monopoly position, the international mining giant continuously raises the import price, the domestic iron and steel enterprises suffer from upstream and downstream two-way squeezing, high production cost, and the profit ability drops sharply. Internal cost reduction has been the key consideration of domestic iron and steel enterprises. Inventory cost is an important part of enterprise logistics cost, so the optimization of inventory management is an effective channel for enterprises to exploit potential and increase profits. Especially for iron and steel enterprises, most iron and steel enterprises occupy more than 70% of the liquid capital of the original fuel enterprises, and there are many kinds and huge quantities, so the advanced management methods and scientific methods are used to optimize the raw fuel stock management reasonably. It is an important means to improve the profit level of enterprises to reduce the unnecessary inventory cost and speed up the capital turnover while meeting the needs of production. In this paper, the optimization of raw fuel inventory management in S ironmaking plant is taken as the research object. Through field investigation, a large amount of data and data are collected, and the data are statistically analyzed to find the existing problems and their root causes in the management of original fuel inventory in S Iron works. By means of qualitative analysis, quantitative analysis and field research, the management of raw fuel stock and the inventory control of raw fuel in S iron making plant were studied in detail. Combined with various inventory management methods and inventory control strategies to solve the S ironworks original fuel inventory management problems. First of all, in the business management of raw fuel inventory, by combining the analytic hierarchy process and integer programming theory, this paper establishes a comprehensive consideration of iron ore types, origin, material yard use space. In order to solve the problem of low operation efficiency of main ore yard, the multi-criteria decision model of location selection based on equipment utilization and other factors is proposed to replace the traditional empirical model of artificial storage selection. Secondly, in the aspect of raw fuel inventory control, this paper uses the demand forecasting method based on the seasonal index of time series to forecast the main raw fuel of S ironmaking plant scientifically in order to improve the accuracy of enterprise demand forecast. Then according to the storage characteristics of the original fuel in S ironmaking plant, considering the factors of capital occupation, price fluctuation and consumption, this paper uses cluster analysis to classify the raw fuel scientifically, and aims at the characteristics of different kinds of raw fuel. Two inventory control strategies are put forward from the point of view of purchasing cost and inventory cost respectively in order to solve the problem of unclear classification of raw fuel and lack of inventory control strategy in order to improve inventory turnover. Through the application research of the above optimization method, it can provide some guidance and reference for S ironmaking plant.
【学位授予单位】：福州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F274;F426.31

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