我国汽车企业重组：动因、现状及对策
发布时间：2018-11-06 14:42
【摘要】：汽车业具有产业链长、关联度强、就业面广等特点,是国民经济的支柱产业之一,其发展状况对整个国民经济具有重大影响。中国经济要发展,汽车产业不仅不能拖后腿,而且要先行发展并带动其他相关产业发展。但是长期以来,我国汽车业存在诸多问题,如企业规模小且布局分散,产业集中度低,自主品牌薄弱等,这些都严重影响汽车产业的发展。汽车企业为克服这些问题并寻求发展,直在实践中摸索,发现重组是一条快捷的发展之路,这也与世界汽车业发展路径相吻合。 为发展自主品牌,提高产业集中度和国际竞争力,我国汽车业自2000年以来逐步开始进行重组活动,政府部门自2009年以来也不断出台相关政策,鼓励汽车企业进行兼并重组活动。2013年1月,工信部、发改委等12个部委联合发布了《关于加快推进重点行业企业兼并重组的指导意见》,明确提出要以市场为导向,推动整车企业兼并重组。汽车业兼并重组已进行了十多年,但跨区域重组进程缓慢,并且重组的效果不甚理想,存在许多重组后管理或文化整合失败的案例,甚至重组后双方被拖垮的实例,此外,重组活动不够彻底,产业链上的重组较少。为使汽车业进入快速有效的重组之路,有必要对汽车业重组的动因和现状进行分析。 文章采用了规范研究方法、比较分析法和案例分析法,研究我国汽车企业的重组活动。本文根据企业重组的相关理论,着眼于我国汽车企业重组的动因、现状和对策,研究了我国汽车企业重组的相关问题。 文章主要内容分为七个部分： 第一部分是绪论。介绍了文章研究背景和研究意义,综述了国内外关于重组的文献,展示了文章的结构安排和研究方法。 第二部分是企业重组的基础理论。介绍企业重组的概念与分类,并阐述了企业重组的动因理论,主要阐述了效率理论、交易费用理论和市场势力理论。 第三部分是我国汽车企业重组的动因。分析具体汽车行业企业重组的外在动因和内在动因,外在动因主要有三：一是重组是汽车业发展的必然趋势,二是政府政策的推动作用,三是国外汽车企业寻求我国汽车市场带来的机遇；内在动因主要有四个：一是为了完善产品线,丰富产品类别,二是为了技术创新,发展自主品牌,三是为了扩大规模,提高产业集中度,四是为了提高国际竞争力。 第四部分是我国汽车企业重组的现状分析。首先回顾我国汽车企业重组的历程,并分析其发展趋势,自2000年来汽车企业纷纷进行重组活动,尤其在2002年、2005年、2009年和2012年特别活跃,加上政府政策的推动,未来重组活动会更加激烈。其次分析了汽车企业重组的方式和重组的效果,重组方式主要列了股权收购方式、现金收购方式和合资企业方式,重组的效果表现在企业规模的扩大和产业集中度的提高上,但实质上重组存在很多问题,失败率较高。最后提取出重组存在的问题,包括跨区域重组进程缓慢、重组效果不佳整合问题复杂、产业链上重组不完善等。 第五部分是我国汽车企业重组案例比较分析。结合江铃汽车重组长安重汽和中国重汽重组成都王牌两个案例,从重组原因和重组效果两方面进行比较分析,江铃汽车重组长安重汽,符合江铃汽车多年的战略规划,绕开技术壁垒,快速进入重卡领域,填补重型车的空白,同时缓解了长安重汽的经营恶化,并重新配置了双方的资源；中国重汽重组成都王牌,也是基于战略规划要求,完善产品线,进军中小微轻型汽车领域。 第六部分是我国汽车企业重组对策。针对我国汽车企业重组存在的问题以及案例分析的结果,从政府层面和企业层面提出了推进我国汽车企业重组的对策和建议,政府层面的策略包括转换政府职能和协调各方利益,企业层面的策略包括紧围绕企业战略、慎重选择并购对象、注重并购后的整合以及引进优秀重组领域人才。 第七部分是结束语。总结了本文的主要结论,并指出了本文研究的局限性以及今后进一步研究的方向。
[Abstract]:The automobile industry has the characteristics of long chain, strong degree of association and wide employment. It is one of the pillar industries of the national economy, and its development situation has a great influence on the whole national economy. The Chinese economy is to develop, and the automobile industry can not only drag the back, but also advance and drive other related industries to develop. But for a long time, there are many problems in China's automobile industry, such as the small size of the enterprise, the distribution of the layout, the low concentration of the industry, the weakness of the self-owned brand and so on, which seriously affect the development of the automobile industry. In order to overcome these problems and to seek development, the automobile enterprises grope in practice and find that the reorganization is a fast way to develop, which is also in line with the development path of the world automobile industry. In order to develop the independent brand, to improve the industrial concentration and the international competitiveness, the auto industry of our country has gradually started to carry out the restructuring activity since 2000, and the government department has also continuously introduced the relevant policies since 2009 to encourage the automobile enterprises to carry out the merger and reorganization activity. In January, 2013, the worker 12 ministries and other ministries, such as the Ministry of Communications and the National Development and Reform Commission, jointly issued the Guiding Opinions on Speeding up the Merger and Reorganization of the Key Industry Enterprises, and clearly stated that it should guide the market as a guide to promote the merger of the whole vehicle enterprises. Reorganization. The merger and reorganization of the automobile industry has been carried out for more than a decade, but the process of the reorganization of the trans-region is slow, and the effect of the recombination is not very ideal. There are many cases of post-reorganization management or cultural integration failure, and even after the reorganization, the two parties have been dragged down. In addition, the reorganization activity is not enough Complete, the restructuring of the industrial chain In order to make the automobile industry enter a fast and effective route, it is necessary to carry on the cause and the present situation of the restructuring of the automobile industry. The article adopts the standard research method, the comparative analysis method and the case analysis method to study the automobile enterprises in our country. Based on the theory of the reorganization of the enterprise, this paper focuses on the causes, the present situation and the countermeasures of the restructuring of the automobile enterprises in China, and studies the reorganization of the automobile enterprises in our country. related problems of the article. The article mainly The content is divided into seven parts The first part is the introduction. The research background and significance of the article are introduced, the domestic and foreign literature on the reorganization is summarized, and the text is shown. The structure arrangement and research method of the chapter. The second part is the basic theory of the reorganization of the enterprise. The concept and classification of the reorganization of the enterprise are introduced, the cause theory of the reorganization of the enterprise is described, and the efficiency theory is mainly expounded. The theory of transaction cost and the theory of market power. The third part is the cause of the reorganization of the automobile enterprise in our country. The external motivation and the internal cause of the reorganization of the specific automobile industry are analyzed. The main reason is three: one is the inevitable trend of the development of the automobile industry, the second is the driving effect of the government policy, and the third is the foreign country. The automobile enterprises seek the opportunity of our car market; there are four main reasons: one is to perfect the product line, enrich the product category, 2 is for the technology innovation, develop the independent brand, and the third is to expand the scale and improve The concentration of the industry, four is to improve the international competitiveness. The fourth part is the analysis of the current situation of the reorganization of automobile enterprises in our country. First of all, the process of the restructuring of automobile enterprises in our country is reviewed, and the development trend is analyzed. Since 2000, the automobile enterprises have been carrying out the restructuring, especially in 2002, 2005, 2009 and 2012. The promotion of the government's policy will be more intense in the future. Secondly, the way and effect of the reorganization of the automobile enterprise are analyzed, and the way of the equity acquisition, the way of cash acquisition and the way of joint venture are listed, and the effect of the reorganization is shown in the expansion and the industry of the scale of the enterprise. the increase of concentration On the other hand, there are many problems in the substance recombination, and the failure rate is high. Finally, the problems of the recombination are extracted, including the slow and the recombination effect of the trans-regional recombination process. The problem of incomplete integration of the fruit is complicated, the reorganization of the industrial chain is not perfect, etc. The fifth part is the comparative analysis of the case of the restructuring of automobile enterprises in our country. Combined with the two cases of the restructuring of Changan Chongqi and China's heavy-steam recombination in Chengdu, this paper makes a comparison and analysis from the two aspects of the reorganization and the recombination effect. Multi-year strategic planning, bypassing technical barriers, rapidly entering the area of heavy trucks, filling the blank of heavy-duty vehicles, and relieving the deterioration of the operation of Chang 'an Heavy-duty Vehicle, and reconfiguring the resources of both sides; China's heavy-duty restructuring of Chengdu's trump card is also based on the battle slightly plan the requirements, improve the product line, and march into small and medium-sized enterprises The sixth part of the light-light automobile field is the reorganization of the automobile enterprises in our country. In view of the problems of the restructuring of the automobile enterprises in our country and the result of the case analysis, the countermeasures to promote the restructuring of the automobile enterprises in China are put forward from the governmental level and the enterprise level. and suggestions, the government-level strategy includes the transformation of the government functions and the coordination of the interests of the parties, the strategy of the enterprise level includes the close around the enterprise strategy, the careful choice Select the object of M & A, and pay attention to and The seventh part of this article is the conclusion of this article.
【学位授予单位】：长江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F426.471;F271
本文编号：2314580
[Abstract]:The automobile industry has the characteristics of long chain, strong degree of association and wide employment. It is one of the pillar industries of the national economy, and its development situation has a great influence on the whole national economy. The Chinese economy is to develop, and the automobile industry can not only drag the back, but also advance and drive other related industries to develop. But for a long time, there are many problems in China's automobile industry, such as the small size of the enterprise, the distribution of the layout, the low concentration of the industry, the weakness of the self-owned brand and so on, which seriously affect the development of the automobile industry. In order to overcome these problems and to seek development, the automobile enterprises grope in practice and find that the reorganization is a fast way to develop, which is also in line with the development path of the world automobile industry. In order to develop the independent brand, to improve the industrial concentration and the international competitiveness, the auto industry of our country has gradually started to carry out the restructuring activity since 2000, and the government department has also continuously introduced the relevant policies since 2009 to encourage the automobile enterprises to carry out the merger and reorganization activity. In January, 2013, the worker 12 ministries and other ministries, such as the Ministry of Communications and the National Development and Reform Commission, jointly issued the Guiding Opinions on Speeding up the Merger and Reorganization of the Key Industry Enterprises, and clearly stated that it should guide the market as a guide to promote the merger of the whole vehicle enterprises. Reorganization. The merger and reorganization of the automobile industry has been carried out for more than a decade, but the process of the reorganization of the trans-region is slow, and the effect of the recombination is not very ideal. There are many cases of post-reorganization management or cultural integration failure, and even after the reorganization, the two parties have been dragged down. In addition, the reorganization activity is not enough Complete, the restructuring of the industrial chain In order to make the automobile industry enter a fast and effective route, it is necessary to carry on the cause and the present situation of the restructuring of the automobile industry. The article adopts the standard research method, the comparative analysis method and the case analysis method to study the automobile enterprises in our country. Based on the theory of the reorganization of the enterprise, this paper focuses on the causes, the present situation and the countermeasures of the restructuring of the automobile enterprises in China, and studies the reorganization of the automobile enterprises in our country. related problems of the article. The article mainly The content is divided into seven parts The first part is the introduction. The research background and significance of the article are introduced, the domestic and foreign literature on the reorganization is summarized, and the text is shown. The structure arrangement and research method of the chapter. The second part is the basic theory of the reorganization of the enterprise. The concept and classification of the reorganization of the enterprise are introduced, the cause theory of the reorganization of the enterprise is described, and the efficiency theory is mainly expounded. The theory of transaction cost and the theory of market power. The third part is the cause of the reorganization of the automobile enterprise in our country. The external motivation and the internal cause of the reorganization of the specific automobile industry are analyzed. The main reason is three: one is the inevitable trend of the development of the automobile industry, the second is the driving effect of the government policy, and the third is the foreign country. The automobile enterprises seek the opportunity of our car market; there are four main reasons: one is to perfect the product line, enrich the product category, 2 is for the technology innovation, develop the independent brand, and the third is to expand the scale and improve The concentration of the industry, four is to improve the international competitiveness. The fourth part is the analysis of the current situation of the reorganization of automobile enterprises in our country. First of all, the process of the restructuring of automobile enterprises in our country is reviewed, and the development trend is analyzed. Since 2000, the automobile enterprises have been carrying out the restructuring, especially in 2002, 2005, 2009 and 2012. The promotion of the government's policy will be more intense in the future. Secondly, the way and effect of the reorganization of the automobile enterprise are analyzed, and the way of the equity acquisition, the way of cash acquisition and the way of joint venture are listed, and the effect of the reorganization is shown in the expansion and the industry of the scale of the enterprise. the increase of concentration On the other hand, there are many problems in the substance recombination, and the failure rate is high. Finally, the problems of the recombination are extracted, including the slow and the recombination effect of the trans-regional recombination process. The problem of incomplete integration of the fruit is complicated, the reorganization of the industrial chain is not perfect, etc. The fifth part is the comparative analysis of the case of the restructuring of automobile enterprises in our country. Combined with the two cases of the restructuring of Changan Chongqi and China's heavy-steam recombination in Chengdu, this paper makes a comparison and analysis from the two aspects of the reorganization and the recombination effect. Multi-year strategic planning, bypassing technical barriers, rapidly entering the area of heavy trucks, filling the blank of heavy-duty vehicles, and relieving the deterioration of the operation of Chang 'an Heavy-duty Vehicle, and reconfiguring the resources of both sides; China's heavy-duty restructuring of Chengdu's trump card is also based on the battle slightly plan the requirements, improve the product line, and march into small and medium-sized enterprises The sixth part of the light-light automobile field is the reorganization of the automobile enterprises in our country. In view of the problems of the restructuring of the automobile enterprises in our country and the result of the case analysis, the countermeasures to promote the restructuring of the automobile enterprises in China are put forward from the governmental level and the enterprise level. and suggestions, the government-level strategy includes the transformation of the government functions and the coordination of the interests of the parties, the strategy of the enterprise level includes the close around the enterprise strategy, the careful choice Select the object of M & A, and pay attention to and The seventh part of this article is the conclusion of this article.
【学位授予单位】：长江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F426.471;F271
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