中德机电产品产业内贸易研究
发布时间：2018-11-16 18:34
【摘要】：当代国际贸易形式,从产品结构上大致可分为两种：一是用要素禀赋论和比较优势分工来解释的产业间贸易,二是基于产品差异化、规模经济、发展水平多因素的产业内贸易。在贸易自由化不断推进,经济一体化不断加深的今天,产业内贸易正渐渐替代传统产业问贸易,受到世界各国的普遍重视。中国和德国作为世界贸易大国,近年来都注重调整出口商品结构,扩大机电产品出口,通过发展对外贸易促进经济发展。在中德双边贸易额越发扩大、协作越发紧密的背景下,探讨如何提升中德机电产品产业内贸易水平对我国经济发展意义重大。 本文以国外产业内贸易理论为依据,测算近年来中国与德国机械与电子产品产业内贸易指数,结果表明发现两国机电产品产业内贸易总体水平较高,中德机电产品总体以产业内贸易为主。同时根据GHM分类法,测算15类典型机电产品的双边贸易类型,发现中德机电产品产业内贸易主要类型是垂直型贸易形式。 明确中德机电产品产业内贸易中的特点,建立多元回归方程,对与中德机电产品产业内贸易具有关联性的各种因素进行回归分析。该案例在研究双边机电产品贸易的相关因素时,选取了人均收入差异、国际直接投资、科研投资、对外开放度和市场规模差异五个变量。实证结果表明：中德两国的市场规模差异与中德机电产品产业内贸易水平反向变动；国民收入程度的差距对机电产品产业内贸易有较弱积极作用；中国科研投资、德国对外开放度对机电产品产业内贸易有更大的积极影响；对华直接投资对机电产品产业内贸易的发展作用不显著。 最终,依据实证分析的结论,对机电产品在中国制造和对外贸易发展中存在的问题,我们提出了具体的建议。主要政策建议有：优化机电产品产业结构,大力开发差异产品；增加国民收入,提高综合国力；积极改善德国对华直接投资环境：积极开展国际合作,提高对外开放程度：贯彻科教兴国战略,加大科研投入。 文章在两个方面上具有创新之处：一是研究角度的创新。国内对于产业内贸易的研究多集中在中美、中欧以及中国与周边国家的产业内贸易,虽然对于整个制造业的研究颇多,很少有人将研究对象细化到机电产品产业内贸易。鉴于近年来中德机电产品己发展成为双方贸易的“重头戏”,本文将对中德机电产品产业内贸易进行客观全面的研究；二是研究思路的创新。将定性分析与定量分析相结合,运用大量数据进行计算,全面且客观地分析中德机电产品产业内贸易的近况和关联因素,在前人的研究基础上形成对产业内贸易发展建议新的思考。
[Abstract]:Contemporary international trade forms can be roughly divided into two types from the product structure: one is inter-industry trade explained by factor endowment theory and comparative advantage division of labor, the other is intra-industry trade based on product differentiation, economies of scale and level of development. With the development of trade liberalization and the deepening of economic integration, intra-industry trade is gradually taking the place of traditional trade, which is paid more and more attention by the countries all over the world. In recent years, China and Germany, as major trading countries in the world, have focused on adjusting the structure of export commodities, expanding the export of mechanical and electrical products, and promoting economic development through the development of foreign trade. Under the background of increasing bilateral trade volume and closer cooperation between China and Germany, it is of great significance for China's economic development to discuss how to improve the level of intra-industry trade in mechanical and electrical products between China and Germany. Based on the theory of intra-industry trade in foreign countries, this paper calculates the intra-industry trade index of machinery and electronic products between China and Germany in recent years. The results show that the overall level of intra-industry trade in mechanical and electrical products between China and Germany is relatively high. China-Germany machinery and electrical products in general to the industry-based trade. At the same time, according to the GHM classification, the bilateral trade types of 15 kinds of typical electromechanical products are calculated, and it is found that the main type of intra-industry trade between China and Germany is the vertical type of trade. The characteristics of intra-industry trade in mechanical and electrical products between China and Germany are clarified and the multiple regression equations are established. The regression analysis is carried out on various factors related to the intra-industry trade of mechanical and electrical products between China and Germany. In this case, we select five variables, such as the difference of per capita income, international direct investment, scientific research investment, the degree of opening to the outside world and the market size, when studying the related factors of bilateral electromechanical product trade. The empirical results show that the difference of market size between China and Germany is reverse to the level of intra-industry trade in mechanical and electrical products between China and Germany, and the difference of national income has a weak positive effect on intra-industry trade of mechanical and electrical products. China's investment in scientific research and Germany's openness to the outside world have a greater positive impact on intra-industry trade in mechanical and electrical products, while direct investment in China has no significant effect on the development of intra-industry trade in mechanical and electrical products. Finally, according to the conclusion of the empirical analysis, we put forward some concrete suggestions on the problems existing in the manufacture and foreign trade development of electromechanical products in China. The main policy suggestions are as follows: optimizing the industrial structure of mechanical and electrical products, vigorously developing differential products, increasing national income and improving the overall national strength; Actively improve Germany's direct investment environment in China: actively carry out international cooperation, increase the degree of opening up, implement the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education, and increase investment in scientific research. This paper has two innovations in two aspects: one is the innovation of research angle. Domestic research on intra-industry trade mainly focuses on Sino-American, China-Europe and China and neighboring countries, although there are many researches on the whole manufacturing industry, few people refine the research object to intra-industry trade of mechanical and electrical products. In view of the fact that Sino-German mechanical and electrical products have developed into the "important drama" of bilateral trade in recent years, this paper will carry out an objective and comprehensive study on the intra-industry trade of Sino-German mechanical and electrical products; second, the innovation of research ideas. Combining qualitative analysis with quantitative analysis, and using a large amount of data to calculate, the paper comprehensively and objectively analyzes the current situation and related factors of intra-industry trade in mechanical and electrical products between China and Germany. On the basis of previous studies, a new reflection on the development of intra-industry trade is formed.
【学位授予单位】：贵州财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F426.4;F752.7
本文编号：2336303
[Abstract]:Contemporary international trade forms can be roughly divided into two types from the product structure: one is inter-industry trade explained by factor endowment theory and comparative advantage division of labor, the other is intra-industry trade based on product differentiation, economies of scale and level of development. With the development of trade liberalization and the deepening of economic integration, intra-industry trade is gradually taking the place of traditional trade, which is paid more and more attention by the countries all over the world. In recent years, China and Germany, as major trading countries in the world, have focused on adjusting the structure of export commodities, expanding the export of mechanical and electrical products, and promoting economic development through the development of foreign trade. Under the background of increasing bilateral trade volume and closer cooperation between China and Germany, it is of great significance for China's economic development to discuss how to improve the level of intra-industry trade in mechanical and electrical products between China and Germany. Based on the theory of intra-industry trade in foreign countries, this paper calculates the intra-industry trade index of machinery and electronic products between China and Germany in recent years. The results show that the overall level of intra-industry trade in mechanical and electrical products between China and Germany is relatively high. China-Germany machinery and electrical products in general to the industry-based trade. At the same time, according to the GHM classification, the bilateral trade types of 15 kinds of typical electromechanical products are calculated, and it is found that the main type of intra-industry trade between China and Germany is the vertical type of trade. The characteristics of intra-industry trade in mechanical and electrical products between China and Germany are clarified and the multiple regression equations are established. The regression analysis is carried out on various factors related to the intra-industry trade of mechanical and electrical products between China and Germany. In this case, we select five variables, such as the difference of per capita income, international direct investment, scientific research investment, the degree of opening to the outside world and the market size, when studying the related factors of bilateral electromechanical product trade. The empirical results show that the difference of market size between China and Germany is reverse to the level of intra-industry trade in mechanical and electrical products between China and Germany, and the difference of national income has a weak positive effect on intra-industry trade of mechanical and electrical products. China's investment in scientific research and Germany's openness to the outside world have a greater positive impact on intra-industry trade in mechanical and electrical products, while direct investment in China has no significant effect on the development of intra-industry trade in mechanical and electrical products. Finally, according to the conclusion of the empirical analysis, we put forward some concrete suggestions on the problems existing in the manufacture and foreign trade development of electromechanical products in China. The main policy suggestions are as follows: optimizing the industrial structure of mechanical and electrical products, vigorously developing differential products, increasing national income and improving the overall national strength; Actively improve Germany's direct investment environment in China: actively carry out international cooperation, increase the degree of opening up, implement the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education, and increase investment in scientific research. This paper has two innovations in two aspects: one is the innovation of research angle. Domestic research on intra-industry trade mainly focuses on Sino-American, China-Europe and China and neighboring countries, although there are many researches on the whole manufacturing industry, few people refine the research object to intra-industry trade of mechanical and electrical products. In view of the fact that Sino-German mechanical and electrical products have developed into the "important drama" of bilateral trade in recent years, this paper will carry out an objective and comprehensive study on the intra-industry trade of Sino-German mechanical and electrical products; second, the innovation of research ideas. Combining qualitative analysis with quantitative analysis, and using a large amount of data to calculate, the paper comprehensively and objectively analyzes the current situation and related factors of intra-industry trade in mechanical and electrical products between China and Germany. On the basis of previous studies, a new reflection on the development of intra-industry trade is formed.
【学位授予单位】：贵州财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F426.4;F752.7
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前2条
1 武齐;陈万华;;中加机电产品产业内贸易影响因素实证研究[J];国际贸易问题;2012年02期
2 袁燕;胡求光;;中美SITC第7类产品产业内贸易研究[J];浙江农业科学;2011年03期
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