环境约束下钢铁行业全要素能源效率及影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-11-20 16:26

【摘要】：钢铁行业作为国民经济的重要基础产业，也是高耗能、高污染行业，是废水、废气等污染物的重要排放源，钢铁行业与资源环境间的矛盾日益加剧，成为我国实施节能减排的重点领域。客观、准确地评价钢铁行业的能源效率，对于提高钢铁行业能源效率水平、加快推进钢铁行业承担社会责任、建设“美丽中国”具有重要的促进作用。本文通过对能源效率已有研究成果的系统分析，基于全要素能源效率的概念和“多投入-多产出”框架，，借鉴基于松弛的非径向、非角度的SBM模型和Luenberger生产率指数，构建了考虑环境污染因素的全要素能源效率变动指标测度模型；并对中国29个省、市（自治区）钢铁行业在2000-2011年能源效率进行了静态测算和动态分解，在此基础上进一步利用面板模型对钢铁行业能源效率的影响因素进行了实证研究。结果表明，环境污染对钢铁行业的能源效率造成了损失；环境约束下钢铁行业能源效率存在地区差异，东部地区钢铁行业能源效率高于中、西部地区；环境约束下钢铁行业最佳实践省份包括上海、天津、江苏、宁夏、青海，污染物的过度排放成为多数省份钢铁行业能源无效率的主要来源；环境约束下钢铁行业能源效率整体呈上升的态势。环境约束下全要素能源效率的平均增长率高于未考虑环境约束的情况；环境约束下钢铁行业全要素能源效率增长区域差异明显，中部地区增长最快，东、西部地区次之；环境约束下各省份全要素能源效率增长幅度也大不相同；大多数省份能源效率增长的最主要来源首先是技术进步。在诸多影响钢铁行业能源效率的因素中发现，从全国层面来看，行业平均规模、能源价格和技术进步对于环境约束下钢铁行业全要素能源效率的影响作用是正向的，而产权结构、能源消费结构和对外开放水平的影响作用是负向的；从区域层面来看，对三个地区具有同样推动作用的因素是能源结构和技术进步，其余四个因素对三个地区的影响迥异。
[Abstract]:As an important basic industry of national economy, iron and steel industry is also a high energy consumption and high pollution industry. It is an important emission source of pollutants such as waste water, waste gas and so on. The contradiction between steel industry and resources and environment is becoming more and more serious. It has become the key area of energy saving and emission reduction in our country. Objectively and accurately evaluating the energy efficiency of iron and steel industry plays an important role in improving the level of energy efficiency of iron and steel industry, speeding up the iron and steel industry to bear social responsibility, and building "beautiful China". Based on the concept of total factor energy efficiency and the framework of "multi-input-multi-output", this paper draws lessons from SBM model and Luenberger productivity index based on relaxation non-radial and non-angle. The index measure model of total factor energy efficiency considering environmental pollution factor is constructed. The energy efficiency of iron and steel industry in 29 provinces and autonomous regions of China from 2000 to 2011 was calculated and dynamically decomposed. On the basis of this, the factors affecting energy efficiency of steel industry were further studied by panel model. The results show that environmental pollution causes losses to the energy efficiency of iron and steel industry, and the energy efficiency of iron and steel industry in the east is higher than that in the middle and western regions under environmental constraints. Under environmental constraints, the major sources of energy inefficiency in most provinces include Shanghai, Tianjin, Jiangsu, Ningxia, Qinghai, and the excessive emission of pollutants. The energy efficiency of iron and steel industry is on the rise under environmental constraints. The average growth rate of total factor energy efficiency under environmental constraints is higher than that without environmental constraints, the regional difference of total factor energy efficiency growth in iron and steel industry under environmental constraints is obvious, the growth rate is the fastest in the central region, followed by the eastern and western regions. Under the restriction of environment, the growth rate of total factor energy efficiency varies greatly in different provinces, and the most important source of energy efficiency growth in most provinces is technological progress. Among the factors that affect the energy efficiency of steel industry, it is found that the influence of industry average scale, energy price and technological progress on the total factor energy efficiency of steel industry under environmental constraints is positive. The influence of property structure, energy consumption structure and the level of opening to the outside world is negative. At the regional level, the energy structure and technological progress are the same driving factors for the three regions, and the other four factors have different effects on the three regions.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F426.31

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