我国光伏产业发展问题研究

发布时间：2018-12-29 14:21

【摘要】：我国拥有非常丰富的太阳能资源，开发潜力非常广阔。在政策推动和国际市场需求拉动下，我国光伏产业迅速发展，规模快速扩张。但近年，由于国际金融危机、欧洲债务危机以及欧美对我国光伏产品的“双反”立案调查的影响下，我国光伏产业受到严重挫伤，许多企业不得不宣布破产，或更多处于濒临倒闭状态。发展光伏产业具有巨大的现实意义，只有找出我国光伏产业发展过程中的弊端，才能摆脱目前所遭遇的困境。光伏发电产业作为一项新兴的技术产业，技术是产业的核心。本文依据远德玉教授产业技术理论基础下，确定了光伏产业技术的演化形态：光伏发电技术从技术原理到技术发明，再到生产技术，最后转化为产业技术的过程。接着在此研究基础上，，进一步阐述了光伏产业技术链的演进过程。在对光伏产业发展过程的全面认识后，结合实际发展，通过光伏产业链和产业组织角度，运用SCP范式对世界以及我国光伏产业的市场结构、市场行为、市场绩效进行分析，总结出我国目前光伏产业的发展现状及面临的问题。主要是我国光伏产业市场供大于求，产能严重过剩，对国际市场依赖度较高，光伏应用技术存在较高壁垒。究其原因，在供给方面，通过对中央政府和地方政府关于光伏产业发展目标的博弈分析中，发现理论上中央政府科学制定发展规划，地方政府严格执行的情形下，社会发展是最优的。而实际上，地方政府在政绩考核、官员晋升、财政税收等因素影响下，往往超额完成目标，从而催生了光伏泡沫。在需求方面，由于光伏技术发展限制，光伏发电价格不足以吸引最终消费者，再者，光伏并网技术不够成熟，也是影响光伏需求的一个重要因素。最后，本文就我国光伏产业技术和政府行为方面提出相关建议。
[Abstract]:Our country has very rich solar energy resources, the development potential is very broad. Driven by policy and international market demand, China's photovoltaic industry has developed rapidly and expanded rapidly. However, in recent years, due to the impact of the international financial crisis, the European debt crisis and the "double opposition" investigation of photovoltaic products in China by the United States and Europe, the photovoltaic industry in our country has suffered serious frustration, and many enterprises have to declare bankruptcy. Or more on the verge of collapse. It is of great practical significance to develop photovoltaic industry. Only by finding out the disadvantages in the development process of photovoltaic industry in China can we get rid of the predicament encountered at present. Photovoltaic power generation industry as a new technology industry, technology is the core of the industry. Based on Professor Yuan-Deyu 's theory of industrial technology, this paper determines the evolution of photovoltaic industry technology: the process of photovoltaic power generation technology from technical principle to technological invention, then to production technology, and finally to industrial technology. Then, on the basis of this research, the evolution process of photovoltaic industry technology chain is further expounded. After a comprehensive understanding of the development process of photovoltaic industry, combined with the actual development, through the photovoltaic industry chain and industrial organization perspective, using the SCP paradigm to the world and China's photovoltaic industry market structure, market behavior, market performance analysis. Summarize the current situation and problems of photovoltaic industry in China. The main reason is that the supply of photovoltaic industry in our country exceeds the demand, the overcapacity is serious, the dependence on international market is high, and there are high barriers to photovoltaic application technology. On the supply side, through the game analysis between the central government and the local government on the development objectives of the photovoltaic industry, it is found that the central government scientifically formulates the development plan in theory, and the local government strictly implements the situation. Social development is optimal. In fact, under the influence of performance assessment, official promotion, fiscal revenue and other factors, local governments often exceed their targets, thus creating a photovoltaic bubble. On the demand side, because of the development of photovoltaic technology, the price of photovoltaic power generation is not enough to attract the final consumers. Furthermore, the technology of grid-connected photovoltaic is not mature enough, which is an important factor affecting the demand of photovoltaic. Finally, this paper puts forward some suggestions on photovoltaic industry technology and government behavior in China.
【学位授予单位】：广东外语外贸大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F426.6

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